1848 Dutch general election

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Azure, billetty Or a lion with a coronet Or armed and langued Gules holding in his dexter paw a sword Argent hilted Or and in the sinister paw seven arrows Argent pointed and bound together Or. [The seven arrows stand for the seven provinces of the Union of Utrecht.] The shield is crowned with the (Dutch) royal crown and supported by two lions Or armed and langued gules. They stand on a scroll Azure with the text (Or) "Je Maintiendrai" (French for "I will maintain".)
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General elections were held in the Netherlands on 30 November and 4 December 1848.[1] Held immediately after the Constitutional Reform of 1848, they were the first direct elections to the House of Representatives, and were the first to elect a States General to which government ministers would be responsible.[2] Voting was restricted to men over the age of 23, and who paid a certain level of taxation.[3] This limited the franchise to 55,728 people,[4] roughly 11% of the male population over 23, or 2.5% of the total population of the country.[3] Candidates were elected in districts in a two-round system; if no candidate received over 50% of the vote in the first round, the top two candidates would face a run-off.[3] The districts had one MP for every 45,000 inhabitants.[3]

As there were no official political parties until 1879,[5] all candidates were nominally independents.

Results

PartyVotes%Seats
Independents68
Total68
Total votes44,805–
Registered voters/turnout55,72880.40
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

By district

Johan Rudolph Thorbecke, whose constitutional reform triggered the election, was elected in Leiden, but gave up his seat in 1849 to lead his first cabinet.
District Member elected Province Group Ref.
Alkmaar Samuel Antony de Moraaz North Holland Thorbeckian liberal [6]
Almelo Dirk Donker Curtius Overijssel Pragmatic liberal [7]
Amersfoort Simon van Walchren Utrecht Pragmatic liberal [8]
Amsterdam I Michel Henry Godefroi North Holland Pragmatic liberal [9]
Amsterdam II Cornelis Backer North Holland Pragmatic liberal [10]
Amsterdam III Floris Adriaan van Hall North Holland Pragmatic liberal [11]
Amsterdam IV Johannes Sebastiaan van Naamen North Holland Pragmatic liberal [12]
Amsterdam V Jan Heemskerk Bzn. North Holland Thorbeckian liberal [13]
Appingedam Rembertus Westerhoff Groningen Thorbeckian liberal [14]
Arnhem Johan Nedermeyer van Rosenthal Gelderland Pragmatic liberal [15]
Assen Louis van Heiden Reinestein Drenthe Conservative [16]
Bergen op Zoom Karel Adrianus Meeussen North Brabant Thorbeckian liberal [17]
Breda Lambertus Dominicus Storm North Brabant Thorbeckian liberal [18]
Brielle Sebastiaan Hendrik Anemaet South Holland Thorbeckian liberal [19]
Delft Willem Wintgens South Holland Pragmatic liberal [20]
Den Bosch Johannes Luyben North Brabant Conservative liberal [21]
Den Haag I Willem Boreel van Hogelanden South Holland Pragmatic liberal [22]
Den Haag II Pieter Carel Schooneveld South Holland Pragmatic liberal [23]
Deventer Carel Storm van 's Gravesande Overijssel Pragmatic liberal [24]
Doetinchem Joannes van Nispen van Sevenaer Gelderland Pragmatic liberal [25]
Dokkum Isaäc ter Bruggen Hugenholtz Friesland Thorbeckian liberal [26]
Dordrecht Johannes Servaas Lotsy South Holland Pragmatic liberal [27]
Edam Willem Jan Cornelis van Hasselt North Holland Pragmatic liberal [28]
Eindhoven Johannes Franciscus van der Heijde North Brabant Pragmatic liberal [29]
Elst Adriaan Walraven Engelen Utrecht Pragmatic liberal [30]
Enschede Maximiliaan Jacob de Man Overijssel Pragmatic liberal [31]
Franeker Jacob Dirks Friesland Conservative [32]
Goes Philip Johannes Bachiene Zeeland Thorbeckian liberal [33]
Gorinchem Abraham Boxman South Holland Pragmatic liberal [34]
Gouda Gijsbertus Martinus van der Linden South Holland Thorbeckian liberal [35]
Grave Johannes Hengst North Brabant Pragmatic liberal [36]
Groningen Berend Wichers Groningen Thorbeckian liberal [37]
Haarlem Willem Hendrik van Voorst North Holland Pragmatic liberal [38]
Harderwijk Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer Gelderland Anti-revolutionary [39]
Heerenveen Nicolaas van Heloma Friesland Pragmatic liberal [40]
Heerlen Louis de Villers de Pité Limburg Pragmatic liberal [41]
Helmond Johannes Baptista Bots North Brabant Thorbeckian liberal [42]
Heusden Cornelis Schiffer North Brabant Conservative [43]
Hoogeveen Lodewijk Napoleon van Randwijck Drenthe Ultraconservative [44]
Hoorn Eko Theodorus Scheltinga Winterberg North Holland Conservative [45]
Kampen Albertus Jacobus Duymaer van Twist Overijssel Pragmatic liberal [46]
Leeuwarden Binse Albarda Friesland Pragmatic liberal [47]
Leiden Johan Rudolph Thorbecke South Holland Thorbeckian liberal [48]
Leiderdorp Gerardus Wouter Verweij Mejan South Holland Pragmatic liberal [49]
Maastricht Eduardus Josephus Hubertus Borret Limburg Conservative (Catholic) [50]
Middelburg Jan Jacob Slicher van Domburg Zeeland Pragmatic liberal [51]
Nijmegen Gustaaf Dommer van Poldersveldt Gelderland Conservative (Catholic) [52]
Onderdendam Geert Reinders Groningen Pragmatic liberal [53]
Ridderkerk Willem Wijnaendts South Holland Pragmatic liberal [54]
Roermond Johan Lodewijk Matthias Leclercq Limburg Pragmatic liberal [55]
Rotterdam I Engel Pieter de Monchy South Holland Pragmatic liberal [56]
Rotterdam II Abram van Rijckevorsel South Holland Pragmatic liberal [57]
Ruurlo Jacob van Zuylen van Nijevelt Gelderland Pragmatic liberal [58]
Schiedam Karel Arnoldus Poortman South Holland Thorbeckian liberal [59]
Sittard Johannes Jacobus Lambrechts Limburg Pragmatic liberal [60]
Sluis Daniël van Eck Zeeland Thorbeckian liberal [61]
Sneek Pieter Jacob Costerus Friesland Pragmatic liberal [62]
Tilburg Jacobus Arnoldus Mutsaers North Brabant Conservative (Catholic) [63]
Utrecht Jan Karel van Goltstein Utrecht Pragmatic liberal [64]
Venlo Pieter Lodewijk de Lom de Berg Limburg Conservative (Catholic) [65]
Winschoten Jan Freerks Zijlker Groningen Thorbeckian liberal [66]
IJsselstein Elisa Cornelis Unico van Doorn Utrecht Conservative [67]
Zaandam Hendrik Jan Smit North Holland Pragmatic liberal [68]
Zaltbommel Edmond Willem van Dam van Isselt Gelderland Pragmatic liberal [69]
Zevenbergen Franciscus Johannes Jespers North Brabant Thorbeckian liberal [70]
Zierikzee Gerrit Adriaan Fokker Zeeland Thorbeckian liberal [71]
Zutphen Willem Hendrik Dullert Gelderland Thorbeckian liberal [72]
Zwolle Bartholomeus Sloet tot Oldhuis Overijssel Thorbeckian liberal [73]

References

  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1395 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p1380
  3. ^ a b c d Nohlen & Stöver, p1384
  4. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p1396
  5. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p1393
  6. ^ "S.A. de Moraaz". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  7. ^ "Mr. D. (Dirk) Donker Curtius". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  8. ^ "Mr. S. van Walchren". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  9. ^ "Mr. M.H. Godefroi". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  10. ^ "Jhr.Mr. C. Backer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  11. ^ "Mr. F.A. baron van Hall". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  12. ^ "Mr. J.S. van Naamen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  13. ^ "Mr. J. Heemskerk Bzn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  14. ^ "Dr. R. Westerhoff". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  15. ^ "Mr. J.Th.H. Nedermeijer ridder van Rosenthal". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  16. ^ "Mr. L. graaf van Heiden Reinestein". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  17. ^ "Mr. K.A. Meeussen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  18. ^ "Mr. L.D. Storm". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  19. ^ "Mr. S.H. Anemaet". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  20. ^ "Mr. W. Wintgens". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  21. ^ "Mr. J.L.A. Luyben". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  22. ^ "Jhr.Mr. W. Boreel van Hogelanden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  23. ^ "Mr. P.C. Schooneveld". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  24. ^ "Jhr. C.M. Storm van 's-Gravesande". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  25. ^ "Jhr. J.A.Ch.A. van Nispen van Sevenaer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  26. ^ "I.Th. Ter Bruggen Hugenholtz". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  27. ^ "Mr. J.S. Lotsy". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  28. ^ "J.F. van der Heijde". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  29. ^ "Mr. W.J.C. van Hasselt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  30. ^ "Mr.Dr. A.W. Engelen". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  31. ^ "Mr. M.J. de Man". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  32. ^ "Mr. J. Dirks". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  33. ^ "Ph.J. Bachiene". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  34. ^ "Mr. A. Boxman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  35. ^ "Mr. G.M. van der Linden". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  36. ^ "Mr. J.B.J. Hengst". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  37. ^ "Mr. B. Wichers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  38. ^ "Mr. W.H. van Voorst". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  39. ^ "Mr.Dr. G. (Willem) Groen van Prinsterer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  40. ^ "Mr. N. van Heloma". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  41. ^ "Jhr. L.L.G.M. Villers de Pité". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  42. ^ "Mr. J.B. Bots". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  43. ^ "C. Schiffer". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  44. ^ "Mr. L.N. graaf van Randwijck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  45. ^ "E.Th. Scheltinga Winterberg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  46. ^ "Mr. A.J. Duymaer van Twist". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  47. ^ "Mr. B. Albarda". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  48. ^ "Dr.Mr. J.R. Thorbecke". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  49. ^ "Mr. G.W. Verweij Mejan". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  50. ^ "Mr. E.J.H. Borret". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  51. ^ "Mr. J.J. Slicher van Domburg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  52. ^ "Jhr. G.E.G.C.K. Dommer van Poldersveldt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  53. ^ "G. Reinders". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  54. ^ "Mr. W. Wijnaendts". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  55. ^ "Mr. J.L.M. Leclercq". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  56. ^ "Mr. J.L.M. Leclercq". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  57. ^ "A. (Abram) van Rijckevorsel Hzn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  58. ^ "Mr. J.P.P. baron van Zuylen van Nijevelt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  59. ^ "Mr. K.A. Poortman". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  60. ^ "J.J. Lambrechts". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  61. ^ "Mr. D. van Eck". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  62. ^ "Dr. P.J. Costerus". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  63. ^ "Mr. J.A. Mutsaers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  64. ^ "Mr. J.K. baron van Goltstein". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  65. ^ "Mr. P.L. de Lom de Berg". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  66. ^ "J.F. Zijlker". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  67. ^ "E.C.U. van Doorn". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  68. ^ "Mr. H.J. Smit". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  69. ^ "E.W. van Dam van Isselt". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  70. ^ "Mr. F.J. Jespers". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  71. ^ "Mr. G.A. Fokker". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  72. ^ "Mr. W.H. Dullert". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  73. ^ "Mr. B.W.A.E. baron Sloet tot Oldhuis". Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 July 2017.
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