1946 Hsinhua earthquake
The 1946 Hsinhua earthquake (Chinese: 1946年新化大地震; pinyin: 1946 nián Xīnhuà dà dìzhèn), also referred to as the 1946 Tainan earthquake (Chinese: 1946年台南大地震; pinyin: 1946 nián Táinán dà dìzhèn) was a magnitude 6.1 earthquake which hit Tainan County (now part of Tainan City), Taiwan, on 5 December 1946, at 06:47. The quake claimed 74 lives and was the eighth deadliest earthquake in twentieth century Taiwan.
Earthquake
The 6.1 ML earthquake struck at 06:47 CST on Thursday 5 December 1946, as people in the area were waking up and preparing breakfast. The epicentre was in Hsinhua in the centre of Tainan County at a relatively shallow depth of 5 kilometres (3 mi); the rupture responsible was the Hsinhua fault (Chinese: 新化斷層; pinyin: Xīnhuà duàncéng). Government geologists in Taiwan believe this fault may have been active a number of times during the (current) Holocene era.[2] There was one major aftershock, on December 17, which measured 5.7 on the Richter scale but caused no additional casualties.[3]
Damage
According to Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau, there were 74 people killed by the quake, with 200 people seriously injured and 274 lightly injured. 1,971 dwellings were completely destroyed, while a further 2,084 dwellings were partially destroyed.[3] Soil liquefaction and sand boils were observed in central Tainan County, and there was widespread damage to railways, roads, farmland, water pipes and bridges.[3] As the disaster came just a year into the new Kuomintang rule in Taiwan, it served as a test for the new government. It was the most serious earthquake in Tainan County in 84 years.[4][5]
See also
References
- ^ "Significant Earthquake Information". earthquake.usgs.gov. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
- ^ "Earthquake Geologic Investigation And Data Bank Compilation On Active Faults". Central Geological Survey, Ministry of Economic Affairs. Archived from the original on 2009-07-11. Retrieved 2009-08-08.
- ^ a b c 中央氣象局. "Preface". 台灣地區十大災害地震圖集 (A Collection of Images of Ten Great Earthquake Disasters in the Taiwan Region) (PDF) (in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-26. Retrieved 2009-08-08.
- ^ "二十世紀前(1604–1900)台灣地區的地震記載". Central Weather Bureau. Archived from the original on 2010-12-14. Retrieved 2009-07-20.
- ^ 二十世紀(1901–2000)台灣地區災害性地震 (in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. Archived from the original on 2004-10-17. Retrieved 2009-07-17.
External links
- The International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and/or authoritative data for this event.
- v
- t
- e
- El Centro (6.9, May 18)
- Lima (8.2, May 24)†
- Shakotan (7.5, Aug 1)
- Vrancea (7.7, Nov 10) †‡
- New Hampshire (5.3 & 5.6, Dec 20 & Dec 24)
- Sa'dah (5.8, Jan 11) †‡
- Colima (7.7, Apr 15) †
- Andaman Islands (7.7–8.1, June 26)
- Van–Erciş (5.9, Sept 10) †
- Hyūga-nada (8.0, Nov 18)
- Gloria Fault (8.0, Nov 25)
- Chungpu (7.1, Dec 17) †
- Ecuador (7.9, May 14) †
- Wairarapa, New Zealand (7.2, June 24) †
- Guatemala (7.7, Aug 6) †
- Peru (8.2, Aug 24) †
- Niksar–Erbaa, Turkey (7.0, Dec 20) †‡
- Ovalle (7.9–8.3, April 6)
- Alahan Panjang (7.2 & 7.5, June 8 & 9)
- Adapazarı–Hendek (6.6, June 20) †
- Central Java (7.0, July 23) †
- Tottori (7.0, Sept 10) †
- Tosya–Ladik (7.5, Nov 26) ‡†
- San Juan (6.7–.7.8, Jan 15) †‡
- Bolu–Gerede (7.5, Feb 1) †
- Cornwall–Massena (5.8, Sept 5)
- Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik (6.7, Oct 6) †
- Tōnankai (8.1, Dec 5) †
- Valais (6.1, January 25)
- Aleutian Islands (8.6, April 1) †
- Varto–Hınıs (5.9, May 31) †
- Vancouver Island (7.3, June 23)
- Dominican Republic (8.1, Aug 4) ‡†
- Sagaing (8.0, 7.8, Sep 12)
- Kyrgyzstan (7.6, Nov 2)
- Peru (6.8, Nov 10) †
- Hsinhua (6.1, Dec 5) †
- Nankai (8.1, Dec 21) †
- Lady Caycay (8.2, Jan 25) †
- Litang (7.2, May 25) †
- Fukui (6.8, June 28) †
- Salta (7.0, Aug 25)
- Ashgabat (7.3, Oct 5) ‡†
- Desert Hot Springs (6.3, Dec 4)
- Olympia (6.7, April 13)
- Khait (7.4, July 10) ‡†
- Ambato (6.8, Aug 5) †
- Karlıova (6.7, Aug 17) †
- Queen Charlotte Islands (8.1, Aug 22)
- Tierra del Fuego (7.8, Dec 17)
‡ indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year