1993 Polish parliamentary election

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19 September 1993 (1993-09-19)

1997 →

Sejm

All 460 seats in the Sejm
231 seats needed for a majority

Turnout

52.08% (

8.88pp)

Party	Leader	%	Seats	+/–
SLD	Aleksander Kwaśniewski	20.41	171	+111
PSL	Waldemar Pawlak	15.40	132	+84
UD	Tadeusz Mazowiecki	10.59	74	+12
UP	Ryszard Bugaj	7.28	41	+36
KPN	Leszek Moczulski	5.77	22	−24
BBWR	Andrzej Gąsienica-Makowski	5.41	16	New
KWMN	Henryk Kroll	0.70	4	−3

This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.

Senate

All 100 seats in the Senate
51 seats needed for a majority

Turnout

52.10% (

8.90pp)

Party	Leader	%	Seats	+/–
SLD	Aleksander Kwaśniewski	18.31	37	+33
PSL	Waldemar Pawlak	11.88	36	+29
UD	Tadeusz Mazowiecki	10.69	4	−17
KO "S"	Marian Krzaklewski	9.84	9	−2
BBWR	Andrzej Gąsienica-Makowski	8.05	2	New
UP	Ryszard Bugaj	4.11	2	New
KLD	Donald Tusk	3.99	1	−5
ZP	Kazimierz Barczyk [pl]	2.23	1	New
PSL-PL	Gabriel Janowski	1.05	1	−4
KWMN	Henryk Kroll	0.46	1	0
KIK – SRK [pl]^[a]	Barbara Łękawa [pl]	0.37	1	New
NSZZ RI "S"	Roman Wierzbicki [pl]	0.12	1
Independents	–	4.01	4	+4

This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.

Sejm results – seats won by constituency

Senate results – seats won by constituency

Government before	Government after
Suchocka cabinet UD—ZChN—KLD—PSL-PL—SLCh—PChD—PPG	Pawlak cabinet [pl] SLD (SdRP)—PSL

Parliamentary elections were held in Poland on 19 September 1993.^[1] In the Sejm elections, 52.13% of citizens cast their votes, and 95.7% of them were counted as valid. In the Senate elections, 52.1% of citizens cast their votes, and 97.07% were valid. The elections were won by the left-wing parties of the Democratic Left Alliance and the Polish People's Party, who formed a coalition government. The coalition was just four seats short of a supermajority.

Opinion polls

Results

Sejm

Because of the introduction of electoral thresholds set at 5% for party lists and 8% for coalitions, 34% of valid votes were wasted.^[2]



Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Democratic Left Alliance	2,815,169	20.41	171	+111
	Polish People's Party	2,124,367	15.40	132	+84
	Democratic Union	1,460,957	10.59	74	+12
	Labour Union	1,005,004	7.28	41	+36
	Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"	878,445	6.37	0	New
	Confederation of Independent Poland	795,487	5.77	22	–24
	Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms	746,653	5.41	16	New
	Solidarity	676,334	4.90	0	–27
	Centre Agreement – Polish Union	609,973	4.42	0	–44
	Liberal Democratic Congress	550,578	3.99	0	–37
	Real Politics Union	438,559	3.18	0	–3
	Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland	383,967	2.78	0	New
	Party X	377,480	2.74	0	–3
	Coalition for the Republic	371,923	2.70	0	New
	Peasants' Agreement	327,085	2.37	0	–28
	German Minority Electoral Committee	96,678	0.70	4	–3
	Polish Beer-Lovers' Party	14,382	0.10	0	–16
	Local lists and independents	123,186	0.89	0	0
Total		13,796,227	100.00	460	0

Valid votes		13,796,227	95.70
Invalid/blank votes		619,359	4.30
Total votes		14,415,586	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		27,677,302	52.08
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

By constituency

No.	Constituency	Total seats	Seats won
			SLD	PSL	UD	UP	KPN	BBWR	KWMN

1	Warsaw I	17	7		5	3	1	1
2	Warsaw II	8	2	2	2	1		1
3	Biała Podlaska	3	1	2
4	Białystok	7	4	1	1	1
5	Bielsko-Biała	9	3	1	2	1	1	1
6	Bydgoszcz	11	6	2	2	1
7	Chełm	3	1	2
8	Ciechanów	4	2	2
9	Częstochowa	8	3	2	1	1	1
10	Elbląg	5	3	1	1
11	Gdańsk	15	5	2	3	2	1	2
12	Gorzów Wielkopolski	5	2	2	1
13	Jelenia Góra	5	2	1	1	1
14	Kalisz	7	3	3	1
15	Sosnowiec	10	6	1	1	1	1
16	Katowice	17	6	1	4	2	2	2
17	Gliwice	14	4	1	3	1	2	2	1
18	Kielce	11	4	4	1	1	1
19	Konin	5	2	3
20	Koszalin	5	3	1	1
21	Kraków	13	3	2	4	1	2	1
22	Krosno	5	1	2	1		1
23	Legnica	5	3	1		1
24	Leszno	4	2	2
25	Lublin	10	4	4	1		1
26	Łomża	4	1	3
27	Łódź	12	5	1	2	2	1	1
28	Nowy Sącz	7	1	2	1		1	2
29	Olsztyn	8	4	2	1	1
30	Opole	10	3	2	1	1			3
31	Ostrołęka	4	1	3
32	Piła	5	3	1	1
33	Piotrków Trybunalski	7	2	3		1	1
34	Płock	5	1	4
35	Poznań	14	4	2	5	3
36	Przemyśl	4	1	3
37	Radom	8	2	4	1			1
38	Rzeszów	7	2	3	1		1
39	Siedlce	7	2	5
40	Sieradz	4	1	3
41	Skierniewice	4	1	3
42	Słupsk	4	2	1	1
43	Suwałki	5	2	2		1
44	Szczecin	10	4	1	2	1	1	1
45	Tarnobrzeg	6	2	3			1
46	Tarnów	7	1	4	1		1
47	Toruń	7	3	2	1	1
48	Wałbrzych	8	4	1	2	1
49	Włocławek	4	3	1
50	Wrocław	12	4	2	3	1	1	1
51	Zamość	5	1	4
52	Zielona Góra	7	3	2	1	1
National list		69	26	20	14	9
Total		460	171	132	74	41	22	16	4
Source: National Electoral Commission

Senate

Voters were able to cast as many votes as there were seats available in their constituency.^[3]



Party		Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Democratic Left Alliance	4,993,061	18.31	37	+33
	Polish People's Party	3,238,999	11.88	36	+29
	Democratic Union	2,913,773	10.69	4	–17
	Solidarity	2,683,085	9.84	9	–2
	Nonpartisan Bloc for Support of Reforms	2,193,970	8.05	2	New
	Confederation of Independent Poland	1,646,654	6.04	0	–4
	Labour Union	1,121,744	4.11	2	New
	Liberal Democratic Congress	1,088,769	3.99	1	–5
	Self-Defence of the Republic of Poland	650,727	2.39	0	New
	Polish Union	607,624	2.23	1	New
	Christian National Union	486,387	1.78	0	New
	Real Politics Union	434,657	1.59	0	0
	Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"	323,135	1.19	0	–9
	Silesian Autonomy Movement	304,877	1.12	0	New
	Coalition for the Republic	290,361	1.06	0	New
	Peasants' Agreement	285,406	1.05	1	–4
	Democratic Party	218,295	0.80	0	0
	Polish Convention [pl]	156,129	0.57	0	New
	Association of Friends of the John Paul II Museum [pl]	155,538	0.57	0	New
	Citizens' Electoral Committee	129,961	0.48	0	New
	German Minority Electoral Committee	124,986	0.46	1	0
	KIK–SRK [pl]^[b]	99,737	0.37	1	New
	Service to the Child^[c]	90,790	0.33	0	–
	Party of Christian Democrats	81,029	0.30	0	–
	Polish Beer-Lovers' Party	77,365	0.28	0	–
	Kashubian–Pomeranian Association	75,038	0.28	0	–
	Patriotic Forum of Fighting Poland^[d]	63,752	0.23	0	–
	Club of Catholic Intelligentsia – Lublin [pl]^[e]	60,935	0.22	0	–
	Orthodox Electoral Committee	51,815	0.19	0	–
	Polish Federation of Engineering Associations	46,131	0.17	0	–
	Social Movement for the Region and Poland	37,984	0.14	0	–
	Polish Aid Council	37,780	0.14	0	–
	Fatherland – Polish List	37,055	0.14	0	–
	Disabled People Live Among Us	35,150	0.13	0	–
	Rural Solidarity^[f]	33,682	0.12	1	–
	Party X	33,223	0.12	0	0
	PIAST [pl]	31,187	0.11	0	–
	Rural Solidarity^[g]	27,362	0.10	0	–
	Christian-Peasant Party^[h]	27,137	0.10	0	–
	Polish Dignity	22,348	0.08	0	–
	Defense of Working People	22,137	0.08	0	–
	People not Parties	20,086	0.07	0	–
	District Council of Nurses and Midwives	19,189	0.07	0	–
	TEMIDA Lawyers' Association	18,079	0.07	0	–
	Experience-Expertise-Prudence	17,083	0.06	0	–
	Health–Knowledge–Success	16,835	0.06	0	–
	About Polish Farming	16,230	0.06	0	–
	For the Health of Poles	15,605	0.06	0	–
	TKKFKŻAK [pl]	15,407	0.06	0	–
	National Committee of Voters^[i]	15,406	0.06	0	–
	Help for the Victims and the Needy	15,256	0.06	0	–
	Alliance of Christian Groups	13,350	0.05	0	–
	Woman Poland and Independence	12,762	0.05	0	–
	Polish Greens Party [pl]	12,631	0.05	0	–
	Catholic Society for the Service of Children	11,880	0.04	0	–
	Polish Socialist Party	10,985	0.04	0	–
	Union of Poles in Poland	10,705	0.04	0	–
	National Party^[j]	10,235	0.04	0	–
	Conservative Party	10,231	0.04	0	–
	Polish Ecological Union	10,157	0.04	0	–
	Civic Forum	9,892	0.04	0	–
	White and Red	9,524	0.03	0	–
	For Political and Economic Order	9,063	0.03	–	–
	Regional Electoral Initiative	8,306	0.03	0	–
	FAMILY	8,273	0.03	0	–
	Association of Sybiraks [pl]	6,798	0.02	0	–
	Catholic Justice Action "Equality"	4,856	0.02	0	–
	Local lists	696,354	2.55	0	–
	Independents^[k]	1,198,999	4.40	4	–
Total		27,263,952	100.00	100	0

Valid votes		13,985,535	97.07
Invalid/blank votes		422,832	2.93
Total votes		14,408,367	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		27,655,495	52.10
Source: Prawo

By voivodeship

Voivodeship	Total seats	Seats won
		SLD	PSL	KO "S"	UD	BBWR	KLD	Others

Biała Podlaska	2		2
Białystok	2	1						1
Bielsko	2			1	1
Bydgoszcz	2	2
Chełm	2	1	1
Ciechanów	2	1	1
Częstochowa	2	1	1
Elbląg	2	1	1
Gdańsk	2	1		1
Gorzów	2	1	1
Jelenia Góra	2	2
Kalisz	2	2
Katowice	3	1		1		1
Kielce	2	1	1
Konin	2		2
Koszalin	2	1						1
Kraków	2			1	1
Krosno	2		1	1
Legnica	2	1	1
Leszno	2	2
Lublin	2	1	1
Łomża	2		1					1
Łódź	2	1						1
Nowy Sącz	2			1		1
Olsztyn	2	1	1
Opole	2				1			1
Ostrołęka	2		1	1
Piła	2	1						1
Piotrków	2	1	1
Płock	2		2
Poznań	2						1	1
Przemyśl	2		1	1
Radom	2	1	1
Rzeszów	2		1					1
Siedlce	2		2
Sieradz	2		2
Skierniewice	2		2
Słupsk	2	1	1
Suwałki	2	1	1
Szczecin	2	2
Tarnobrzeg	2		2
Tarnów	2		1	1
Toruń	2	1						1
Wałbrzych	2	2
Warsaw	3		1	1	1
Włocławek	2	2
Wrocław	2	2
Zamość	2		2
Zielona Góra	2	1						1
Total	100	37	36	10	4	2	1	10
Source: National Electoral Commission

Notes

^ Barbara Łękawa [pl], the only elected candidate, was seated in the Senate as part of NSZZ "Solidarność"
^ Barbara Łękawa [pl], the only elected candidate, was seated in the Senate as part of NSZZ "Solidarność"
^ The two candidates, Maria Hrabowska [pl] in Gdańsk and Ryszard Pacławski in Krosno were both leaders of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association
^ Part of the Coalition for the Republic
^ Unaffiliated with the other KIK circles.
^ Independent Self-Governing Trade Union of Individual Farmers "Solidarity" Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy Rolników Indywidualnych "Solidarność" (Polish)
^ "Rolnicza Solidarność" (Polish), unaffiliated with Independent Self-Governing Trade Union of Individual Farmers "Solidarity"
^ Part of the Catholic Electoral Committee "Fatherland"
^ National Party: Maciej Giertych, Andrzej Fedorowicz
^ National Party: Eugeniusz Grzejdniak
^ Henryk Stokłosa [pl], Elżbieta Solska [pl], Jerzy Madej [pl], Aleksander Gawronik

References

^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1491 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
^ "Electoral Systems -- The Systems and Their Consequences. Proportional representation related issues : The Threshold". ACE Electoral Knowledge Network.
^ Nohlen & Stöver, p1487

Obwieszczenie Państwowej Komisji Wyborczej z dn. 23 IX 1993 r., Monitor Polski. Nr 50, poz. 470, sprostowanie – M.P. z 1994 r., Nr 2, poz. 8
Obwieszczenie PKW z dn. 23 IX 1993 r., M.P. Nr 50, poz. 471; sprostowanie – M.P. z 1994 r., Nr 2, poz. 8

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