2002 Winter Olympics torch relay

Host citySalt Lake City, United States
Countries visitedGreece, United States of America
Distance13,500 miles (21,700 km)
Torch bearers12,012
ThemeLight the Fire Within
Start dateNovember 19, 2001
End dateFebruary 8, 2002
Olympic rings
Part of a series on
2002 Winter Olympics
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The 2002 Winter Olympics torch relay was a 65-day run, from December 4, 2001, until February 8, 2002, prior to the 2002 Winter Olympics.[1] The runners carried the Olympic Flame throughout the United States – following its lighting in Olympia, Greece, to the opening ceremony of the 2002 games at Rice-Eccles Stadium in Salt Lake City, Utah. The 2002 torch relay was also the 50th anniversary of the Winter Olympic torch relay, which was first run during the 1952 Winter Olympics.[2]

Planning

Preparations for the torch relay began in March 1999, when the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC) issued a Request for Proposals from contractors to plan the relay route, including security and marketing plans. In May, the contract was awarded to Além International Management, Inc., a logistics consulting firm which had previously organized the Olympic torch relays in 1996 and 1998, and was then planning the relay for 2000. Planning of the relay itself began in June, with organizers announcing that the scope of the event would be determined by sponsorships, as all organizing costs would be paid by the relay's sponsors.[3][4]

In February 2000, The Coca-Cola Company and Chevrolet signed an agreement with SLOC to become the official relay sponsors, agreeing to pay two-thirds of the $25 million relay cost.[5][6] The remainder of the cost would be paid for by official relay providers, such as Delta Air Lines, who flew the flame from Greece to the United States,[7] and Union Pacific, whose trains transported the flame through parts of the United States.[5]

The route produced by SLOC and Além was announced to the public on December 4, 2000. It would have the torch cover 13,500 miles (21,700 km), passing through 46 of the 50 U.S. states, and be carried by 12,012 torchbearers.[1] The torch would pass through 300 communities, stopping twice a day: once for a midday celebration and then in a larger populated city for the night. 120 of the 300 communities would host the special celebrations, which would allow large groups of people to participate in the Olympic spirit. It also allowed each community to show off local talent, its people, and history. Atlanta, New York City, and Salt Lake City were all selected as special signature cities, and they would host large relay celebrations which would be paid for, planned, and controlled by SLOC. Later plans for special commemorations of September 11, 2001, along the relay route in Washington, D.C., and New York City, would be added to the route plan. The torch and all relay marketing would be designed to closely follow the 2002 Olympic theme Light the Fire Within and the look of the games theme Land of Contrast - Fire and Ice.

In February 2001, the nomination process for torchbearers was begun. SLOC had decided on a theme of Inspire for the Torchbearers, and people were encouraged to nominate those who inspire others. Of the 12,012 torchbearer positions, SLOC, Coca-Cola, and Chevrolet each got to select one-third of the nominees, while a few were reserved for providers and special guests at the Opening Ceremony. SLOC received approximately 50,000 nominations for its 3,500 positions, so applications were separated by ZIP code then sent to a local community judging panel who scored the applications and selected the torchbearers for their area. Coca-Cola and Chevrolet both received more than 120,000 applications for their positions, and both used a random selection process to choose torchbearers.[8]

SLOC president Mitt Romney was scheduled to release the names of the selected torchbearers in a press conference at New York City's Battery Park on September 12, 2001. The press conference had initially been set for the morning of September 11, but it was postponed by one day to allow Romney to lobby Congress for additional Olympics security funding.[9] The event was canceled entirely due to the September 11 attacks, which destroyed the World Trade Center towers a few blocks away from the park.[10] The announcement of the torchbearers' names was postponed until October 4, when they were unveiled in an event on the steps of the Utah State Capitol.[11]

Relay elements

2002 Olympic Torchbearer
John Nowak, a torchbearer, in Olympic livery with 2002 Olympic Torch

Torch

The 2002 Olympic Torch, engineered and manufactured by Coleman,[12] was modeled after an icicle, with a slight curve to represent speed and fluidity. The Torch measured 33 inches (84 cm) long, 3 inches (7.6 cm) wide at the top, 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) at the bottom, and was designed by Axiom Design of Salt Lake City.[13][14] It was created with three sections, each with its own meaning and representation.[13]

The top section was glass, and the Olympic flame burned within the glass, echoing the 2002 Olympic theme Light the Fire Within. The glass stood for purity, winter, ice, and nature. Also inside the glass was a geometric copper structure which helped hold the flame. Copper is a very important natural element of Utah, and represented fire, warmth, Utah's History, and mirrored the orange/red colors of the theme Fire and Ice. The center section was made of silver and finished to look old and worn, while the bottom section was made of clean, highly polished silver. The center section represented the silver mining heritage of the American West, while the bottom section represented the future and modern technology. The Torchbearer gripped the torch at the junction of both the aged and polished silver, during which their hand represented a bridge from the past to the present. The two silver sections also mirrored the blue/purple colors of the Fire and Ice theme.[13]

Modes of transportation

The Olympic torch was carried through a variety of modes, including runners, skiers,[15] motor vehicles, aircraft, boats, canoes, and bicycles.

Aircraft

Delta Air Lines, one of the relay providers, was responsible for carrying the flame across the Atlantic Ocean from Athens, Greece, to the United States. A Boeing 777, known as the Soaring Spirit, decorated in Olympic-themed livery carried the Olympic flame in a ceremonial lantern from Greece to Atlanta, Georgia, during an 11-hour flight.[16][17]

Railroad car

The specially designed flatcar that was used by Union Pacific to transport the Olympic Torch on display at Ogden, Utah

Union Pacific, another of the relay providers, used a specially designed railroad car to carry the flame across various areas of the United States (mainly rural and desert areas). Coined the "Cauldron Car", it was part of Union Pacific's "Olympic Train", which included two diesel locomotives (UP Numbers: 2001 & 2002), 13 passenger cars, and 3 service cars with the cauldron car serving as the caboose.[18] The entire train was painted in Olympic livery, using Salt Lake's "Look of the Games" style, known as "Land of Contrast - Fire and Ice". The cauldron car contained a 2 million-BTU burner, to keep the flame burning, was originally used during the torch relay for the 1996 Summer Olympics, and was simply redesigned and repainted for the 2002 games.[19] The Olympic train carried the flame on four separate occasions during the 2002 torch relay, for a total of more than 3,200 miles (5,100 km) through 11 states.[20] Following the games the cauldron car was donated to the Utah State Railroad Museum at Union Station, where it is currently on display. In anticipation of the torch relay Overland Models (model railroading) created an H0 scale model of the Olympic Train, which included the two locomotives and several of the passenger cars.

The Heber Valley Historic Railroad also played a role in the torch relay. Its historic steam locomotives were joined by another from the Nevada Northern Railway Museum, and together they were known as the Olympic Steam Team. During the games all three locomotives would pull their own eight-car train loaded with spectators to the Soldier Hollow Olympic venue.[21] The day prior to the Opening Ceremony of the games, all three locomotives were combined into one triple-headed train, and used to transport the Olympic flame from Soldier Hollow to Heber City, Utah, as part of the torch relay.[22]

Route

Route of the 2002 Winter Olympics torch relay through the United States. Red dots show the starting and ending points, orange dots represent major stops, while the blue arrows indicate the direction of travel along the route.

On November 19, 2001, the first 2002 Olympic torch was lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece.[23] Greek actress Thalia Prokopiou played the role of high priestess and lit the torch using a flame kept in a clay urn. Usually the torch is lit using a parabolic mirror and the sun's rays, but for the third games in a row, cloudy conditions prevented that from happening during the ceremony. The weekend prior to the lighting ceremony, the flame held in the clay urn had been lit using the parabolic mirror and the sun's rays in case of this situation.[24] Following the ceremony, a two-day Greek torch relay carried the flame to the Panathenian stadium in Athens, Greece, where it burned in a cauldron for two weeks.[25]

On December 3, 2001, a Greek skier, Thanassis Tsailas, lit a 2002 Olympic torch from a flame in the cauldron, which in turn was used to light a ceremonial lantern. This lantern was then flown aboard the Soaring Spirit to Atlanta, Georgia, where it arrived on the morning of December 4.[25][26] The lantern was unloaded and Bonnie Blair used its flame to light a temporary cauldron to be used at the celebration in Atlanta. During this celebration, Muhammad Ali lit a 2002 Olympic torch from the flame in the temporary cauldron, which he then passed to Olympians Peggy Fleming and Bob Paul, who began the 2002 Winter Olympics torch relay.[26]

Some elements of the torch relay route were altered or canceled in the wake of the September 11 attacks. Special commemorations were held when the torch passed through Washington, D.C. and New York City, and several survivors, family members of victims, and first responders were given the opportunity to carry the torch. Additionally, the torch was planned to be carried by seaplane from Orlando to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, but this was canceled at the last minute because the seaplane operator was concerned about terrorism.[27]

Date Locations[28] Notable torchbearers and notes Map
December 4 Atlanta, Georgia[29][30]

Doraville

Athens

Clemson, South Carolina[32]

Greenville

Atlanta

Athens

Clemson

December 5 Greenville

Asheville, North Carolina[39]

Morganton[40]

Hickory[41]

Charlotte[42]

Asheville

Charlotte

December 6 Charlotte

Rock Hill, South Carolina

Chester

Columbia

Charleston[48][49]

Columbia

Charleston

December 7 Jacksonville, Florida

St. Augustine

Daytona Beach[51][49]

DeLand

Winter Park

Orlando[52]

Daytona Beach

Orlando

December 8 Orlando

Fort Lauderdale

Miami

Fort Lauderdale

Miami

December 9 Miami

Mobile, Alabama[55]

Biloxi, Mississippi[56][57]

New Orleans, Louisiana

Baton Rouge

December 10 Baton Rouge

Lake Charles

Beaumont, Texas

Houston

Baton Rouge

Houston

December 11 Houston

San Antonio

Austin[62]

San Antonio

Austin

December 12 Austin

Fort Worth

Arlington

Dallas

Fort Worth

Dallas

December 13 Dallas

Texarkana

Arkadelphia, Arkansas

Hot Springs[58]

Rockport[67]

Little Rock

Arkadelphia
December 14 Little Rock

Lonoke

Carlisle

Hazen

Forrest City

West Memphis[67]

Memphis, Tennessee

Memphis
December 15 Memphis

Jackson[70]

Dickson[71]

Nashville

December 16 Nashville

Madison[71]

Bowling Green, Kentucky

Elizabethtown

Louisville

Nashville

Louisville

December 17 Louisville

Frankfort

Lexington[76]

Hebron

Cincinnati, Ohio

Louisville

Cincinnati

December 18 Covington, Kentucky

Cincinnati

Milford, Ohio[77]

Portsmouth[79]

Huntington, West Virginia

Charleston

December 19 Charleston

Morgantown

Washington, Pennsylvania

Pittsburgh

December 20 Pittsburgh

Uniontown[80]

Cumberland, Maryland

Martinsburg, West Virginia[82]

Pittsburgh

Martinsburg

December 21 Martinsburg

Alexandria, Virginia

Washington, D.C.

December 22 Washington

Baltimore, Maryland

Wilmington, Delaware

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Baltimore

Philadelphia

December 23 Philadelphia

Hopewell Township, New Jersey

Princeton

South Brunswick[89]

New York City

Washington Crossing

Brooklyn

New York Harbor

Manhattan

December 24–25 New York City
  • Rockefeller Center
rested in a special cauldron for Christmas[90]
December 26 New York City

New Haven, Connecticut

Hartford

Providence, Rhode Island

New York City
December 27 Providence

Fall River, Massachusetts

New Bedford

Plymouth

Quincy

Cambridge

Somerville[99]

Boston

Quincy

Boston

December 28 Boston

Everett[98]

York, Maine

Kittery[103]

Portsmouth, New Hampshire[104]

Manchester

Concord

Hanover

Lebanon[106]

Lebanon
  • carried down Storrs Hill ski jump[106]
December 29 Lebanon

White River Junction, Vermont[106]

Montpelier

Burlington[108]

Lake Champlain

Plattsburgh, New York[108]

Lake Placid

Lake George

  • Fort William Henry Hotel[110]
White River Junction

Lake Placid

December 30 Lake George

Saratoga Springs[110]

Albany[112]

Utica

Syracuse

Syracuse
December 31 Syracuse

Seneca Falls

Rochester[114]

Amherst

Tonawanda

Buffalo

Rochester
January 1 Buffalo

Erie, Pennsylvania

Cleveland, Ohio

January 2 Cleveland

Akron

Columbus

January 3 Columbus

Springfield

Moraine

Dayton

Lima[121]

Fort Wayne, Indiana[122]

January 4 Fort Wayne

South Bend

University of Notre Dame

Gary[124]

Chicago, Illinois

January 5 Oak Brook, Illinois

Chicago

Evanston

Wilmette

Kenilworth

Winnetka

Glencoe[125]

Highland Park

Kenosha, Wisconsin[127]

Racine[128]

Shorewood

Milwaukee

West Milwaukee

West Allis

Milwaukee

Highland Park

Milwaukee

January 6 Milwaukee

Lansing, Michigan

Flint[132]

Royal Oak

Warren

Detroit

Milwaukee

Lansing

Warren

Detroit

January 7 Garden City

Livonia

Detroit

Ann Arbor[132][133]

Indianapolis, Indiana

Ann Arbor

Indianapolis

January 8 Indianapolis

Speedway

Terre Haute

East St. Louis, Illinois

St. Louis, Missouri

Speedway

St. Louis

January 9 St. Louis

Wentzville

Columbia

Kansas City

January 10 Kansas City

St. Joseph

Nebraska City, Nebraska

Council Bluffs, Iowa[144]

Omaha, Nebraska

Omaha
  • boarded Union Pacific train for overnight transport to Kansas[60][143]
January 11 Topeka, Kansas

Wichita[146]

Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

Oklahoma City
January 12 Amarillo, Texas[149]

Santa Rosa, New Mexico[150]

Vaughn

Santa Fe

Albuquerque

Belen[152]

Vaughn
  • disembarked from train for motorcade to Santa Fe[151]

Albuquerque

  • boarded Union Pacific train for overnight transport to Texas and Arizona[60][152]
January 13 El Paso, Texas[152]

Tucson, Arizona[153]

Chandler

Tempe

Scottsdale

Phoenix

Tucson

Phoenix

January 14 Yuma[154]

Jacumba Hot Springs, California[157]

Chula Vista

Coronado

San Diego

Chula Vista

San Diego

January 15 San Diego

San Juan Capistrano

Laguna Beach

Newport Beach

Costa Mesa

Los Angeles

Costa Mesa

Los Angeles

January 16 Los Angeles

Pasadena

Oxnard[169]

Ventura

Santa Barbara

Buellton

Solvang

Santa Ynez

Santa Maria

Guadalupe[162]

San Luis Obispo[170]

Pasadena
January 17 San Luis Obispo

Paso Robles[172]

King City

Soledad

Salinas

Carmel-by-the-Sea

Pacific Grove

Monterey

Seaside[173]

January 18 Marina[173]

Santa Cruz[174]

San Jose

Oakland

San Francisco

Oakland

San Francisco

January 19 San Francisco

Mill Valley[180]

Martinez[181]

Concord

Walnut Grove

Sacramento

San Francisco

Concord

January 20 Sacramento

Truckee

Olympic Valley

Tahoe City

Tahoe Vista

Kings Beach

Incline Village, Nevada

South Lake Tahoe, California[185][186]

Olympic Valley
January 21 South Lake Tahoe

Stateline, Nevada

Genoa

Carson City

Reno

Sparks[186]

Truckee, California[60]

Roseville, California[188]

Reno

Sparks

  • boarded Union Pacific train to Klamath Falls[60][186]
January 22 Klamath Falls, Oregon

Eugene

Salem

Tigard

Portland

January 23 Portland

Vancouver, Washington[192]

Longview

Kelso[193]

Tumwater

Olympia

Lacey[194]

Tacoma[195]

Des Moines[196]

Seattle

Olympia

Tacoma

Seattle

January 24 Seattle

Juneau, Alaska

Spokane, Washington

Juneau
January 25 Pasco, Washington

Kennewick[204]

Baker City, Oregon

Caldwell, Idaho

Nampa

Boise[205]

Pasco
January 26 Boise

Mountain Home[205]

Twin Falls[206]

Fort Hall Indian Reservation[207]

Pocatello

Idaho Falls

January 27 Idaho Falls

Rexburg

West Yellowstone, Montana

Yellowstone National Park

West Yellowstone

Big Sky

Bozeman[209]

January 28 Bozeman

Livingston

Big Timber[209]

Columbus[210]

Laurel

Billings[211]

January 29 Sheridan, Wyoming

Kaycee

Casper[212]

Wheatland

Cheyenne[212]

January 30 Cheyenne

Fort Collins, Colorado[213]

Loveland

Berthoud

Longmont

Boulder

Denver

Longmont

Boulder

Denver

January 31 Denver

Littleton

Colorado Springs

Littleton
  • Columbine survivors Patrick Ireland, Richard Castaldo, and the father of victim John Tomlin[218]
February 1 Colorado Springs

Johnson Village[220]

Buena Vista

Leadville

Vail

Eagle[221]

Vail
February 2 Eagle

Glenwood Springs

Carbondale

Aspen[221]

Rifle[223]

Grand Junction[224]

Rifle
February 3 set aside as a contingency day in case of weather delays along the route,[28] no relay celebrations due to the Super Bowl
February 4 Arches National Park, Utah

Moab[227]

Monument Valley

Bryce Canyon

Zion National Park

Springdale

Hurricane

St. George[228]

February 5 St. George, Utah

Cedar City

Parowan

Beaver

Richfield

Centerfield

Gunnison[229]

Manti

Ephraim

Nephi

Provo[230]

February 6 Provo

Orem

American Fork

Lehi

Camp Floyd State Park[230]

Tooele[231]

Antelope Island State Park

Layton

Tremonton

Garland

Logan

Brigham City

Ogden

Ogden
February 7 Ogden

Henefer

Midway

Heber City

Park City

Salt Lake City[233]

Heber City

Salt Lake City

February 8 Salt Lake City area Sandy

Kearns

Gallery

See also

  • Morse v. Frederick (2007)

Notes

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  7. ^ Roche, Lisa Riley. "Delta to help carry torch to 2002 Olympic Games", Deseret News, June 10, 2000, Web.
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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2002 Winter Olympics torches and torch relay.
  • Official Site - Torch Relay (Archived)
  • UEN's 2002 Olympic Site - Torch Relay (Archived)
  • Utah's KSL-TV Torch Relay Coverage
  • Torch Relay Map
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