5th Ohio Infantry Regiment

5th Ohio Infantry Regiment
Ohio state flag
Active	1861–1865
Country	United States
Allegiance	Union
Branch	Volunteer Army, American Civil War
Type	Infantry
Size	1,080 soldiers (July 1861)^[1]
Engagements	American Civil War
Insignia
2nd Division, XX Corps, Army of the Cumberland

Military unit

The 5th Ohio Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from southwestern Ohio that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War, serving in both the Eastern and Western Theaters in a series of campaigns and battles. It was noted for its holding the high ground at the center of the line at Antietam as part of Tyndale's 1st Brigade, Greene's 2nd Division of Mansfield's XII Corps.^[2]

Organization and service

The 5th Ohio Infantry Regiment was organized at Camp Harrison near Cincinnati on 20 April 1861, for three months service. The men were mustered into service on 8 May. The regiment moved to Camp Dennison on 23 May, and was on duty there until 20 June.

After its initial term of enlistment expired, the regiment was reorganized on 20 June 1861, for three years, under Colonel Samuel H. Dunning. The remaining three-months men who did not re-enlist in the new regiment were mustered out on 24 July.

The regiment served in western Virginia for most of the balance of the year. In 1862, the regiment was sent into Virginia's Shenandoah Valley, where it suffered significant casualties during First Battle of Kernstown in March. At the subsequent Battle of Port Republic on 9 June, the Buckeyes lost 244 killed, wounded and prisoners. Its ranks much depleted from the Valley Campaign, the regiment served in the defenses of Washington, D.C. under John Pope and participated in the Northern Virginia Campaign.^[3]

The 5th Ohio Infantry was heavily involved in the fighting at the Battle of Antietam on 17 September 1862. It was part of Major General Joseph Mansfield's XII Corps and Lt. Col. Hector Tyndale's Brigade, along with the 7th Ohio Infantry, 66th Ohio Infantry, and 28th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiments. Entering the battle in support of Joseph Hooker's I Corps, Tyndale's brigade inflicted heavy casualties on Alfred H. Colquitt's brigade and helped drive the Confederates out of the Cornfield. Pushing the Confederates south to the Dunker Church, Tyndale's men held the area until the afternoon when lack of support, heavy losses and low ammunition compelled them to retreat.^[4]

In 1863, the partially replenished 5th Ohio Infantry fought in the Army of the Potomac at Chancellorsville and then served in the Gettysburg Campaign. Transferred later in the summer to the Western Theater and becoming part of the XX Corps under Joseph Hooker, the regiment participated in the Battle of Lookout Mountain near Chattanooga, Tennessee.

The following year, the regiment served in the forces under William T. Sherman in the Atlanta Campaign and was part of Sherman's March to the Sea and the subsequent operations against Confederate-held Savannah, Georgia. In the spring of 1865, the regiment served in the Carolinas Campaign.

During the Civil War, the 5th Ohio Infantry participated in 28 battles and sustained a loss of more than 500 men killed, wounded and prisoners.^[3]

Notes

^ Ohio at Antietam: Report of the Ohio Antietam Battlefield Commission. Springfield, Ohio: Springfield Publishing Company, State Printers, 1904. 30.
^ Bailey (1984), p. 140; Carman (2019), p. 105.
^ ^a ^b Stevens, Larry, Ohio in the Civil War: 5th OVI Retrieved 28 October 2008
^ Priest, John Michael. Antietam: The Soldiers' Battle. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.

References

Bailey, Ronald H. (1984). The Bloodiest Day: The Battle of Antietam. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books. ISBN 0-8094-4740-1.
Carman, Ezra A. (2019). The West Woods to Bloody Lane (eBook). Visual Antietam: Ezra Carman's Antietam Through Maps and Pictures. Vol. 2 (Kindle ed.). Lilburn, GA: Historic Imagination LLC. p. 280. ISBN 9781732597617. OCLC 1112386435. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
Dyer, Frederick Henry, A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion. 3 volumes. New York: T. Yoseloff, 1908.
Reid, Whitelaw, Ohio in the War: Her Statesmen, Her Generals, and Soldiers. Volume 2. Cincinnati: Moore, Wilstach, & Baldwin, 1868.

External links

Larry Stevens' 5th OVI Page
5th Ohio reenactor group Archived 9 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine
Ohio Historical Society: Battleflags and Relics
National Park Service: Civil War Soldiers and Sailors System
Civil War Index: 5th Ohio Infantry – 3 Months Service in the American Civil War
Civil War Index: 5th Ohio Infantry – 3 Years Service in the American Civil War

American Civil War

Origins

Origins	Timeline leading to the War Bleeding Kansas Border states Compromise of 1850 John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry Kansas-Nebraska Act Lincoln–Douglas debates Missouri Compromise Nullification crisis Origins of the American Civil War Panic of 1857 Popular sovereignty Secession South Carolina Declaration of Secession States' rights President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
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Abolitionism	Abolitionism in the United States Susan B. Anthony James G. Birney John Brown Frederick Douglass William Lloyd Garrison Lane Debates on Slavery Elijah Parish Lovejoy J. Sella Martin Lysander Spooner George Luther Stearns Thaddeus Stevens Charles Sumner Caning Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad

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Union

Military	Anderson Buell Burnside Butler Du Pont Farragut Foote Frémont Grant Halleck Hooker Hunt McClellan McDowell Meade Meigs Ord Pope D. D. Porter Rosecrans Scott Sheridan Sherman Thomas
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