Adolf von Thadden

German politician (1921–1996)

Adolf von Thadden
President of the National Democratic Party
In office
1967–1971
Preceded byFriedrich Thielen
Succeeded byMartin Mussgnug
Member of the Bundestag
In office
15 August 1949 – 6 September 1953
ConstituencyLower Saxony
In office
16 September 1957 – 1959
ConstituencyLower Saxony
Member of the Bundesrat
In office
7 September 1953 – 15 September 1957
ConstituencyLower Saxony
Personal details
Born(1921-07-07)7 July 1921
Gut Trieglaf, Pomerania, Germany
Died16 July 1996(1996-07-16) (aged 75)
Bad Oeynhausen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Political partyNational Socialist German Workers' Party
(1939–1945)
German Right Party
(1946–1950)
German Empire Party
(1950–1964)
National Democratic Party
(1964–1975)
RelativesElisabeth von Thadden (half-sister)
OccupationPolitician, landowner
Military service
Allegiance Nazi Germany
Branch/service Wehrmacht
Years of service1939–1945
RankLieutenant
Battles/warsWorld War II

Adolf von Thadden (7 July 1921 – 16 July 1996) was a German far-right politician. Born into a leading Pomeranian landowning family, he was the half-brother of Elisabeth von Thadden, a prominent critic of the Nazis who was executed by the Nazi government in September 1944.[1]

Early life

Thadden was born at the noble estate of Gut Trieglaff, near Greifenberg, Pomerania on 7 July 1921. He was a member of the Thadden family, one of Pomerania's oldest Junker families and his father was a prominent local magistrate.[2] He was educated at the gymnasium in Greifenberg[3] and subsequently studied agriculture and economics.[2] On 1 September 1939, he became a member of the Nazi Party.[4]

Thadden served as a lieutenant with the Wehrmacht in the Second World War, suffering a number of battle injuries during the conflict.[3] A brigade adjutant in the artillery section, he was captured near the end of the war by Polish forces. Thadden later went to court to sue over rumours that he had collaborated with the Poles during his imprisonment. He was successful in his case.[2]

Thadden escaped captivity in November 1946 and fled to the British Zone of Occupation, finding work with the British Property Control in Göttingen, where he settled.[2]

Political career

After the war, Thadden entered politics as a member of the Deutsche Rechtspartei and of its successor the Deutsche Reichspartei.[5] As a member of both, he served as a councilman in Göttingen from 1948 to 1958.[3] Elected to the Bundestag in 1949, he was the second-youngest member and was thus addressed by an SPD member as "Bubi", a nickname that stuck with him.[3] He became the main writer on the party organ Reichsruf, gaining a reputation both for his demagogy and for his extensive use of humour and wit.[2] He remained a Bundestag member to 1953 and served again from 1955 to 1959, was a Senator from 1952 to 1958 and a member of the Landtag of Lower Saxony from 1956 to 1959.[2]

In the 1950s he was befriended by Winifred Wagner, whose grandson Gottfried Wagner later recalled that

My aunt Friedelind was outraged when my grandmother again slowly blossomed as the first lady of right-wing groups and received political friends such as Edda Goering, Ilse Hess, the former NPD chairman (sic) Adolf von Thadden, Gerdy Troost, the wife of the Nazi architect and friend of Hitler Paul Ludwig Troost, the British fascist leader Oswald Mosley, the Nazi film director Karl Ritter and the racist author and former Senator of the Reich Hans Severus Ziegler."[6]

Having served as deputy to the Deutsche Reichspartei leader Wilhelm Meinberg,[2] Thadden became chairman of the party in 1961,[3] and in this position was one of the signatories of the European Declaration at Venice which set up the National Party of Europe (NPE). Thadden was personally close to the British Union Movement leader Oswald Mosley, on whose initiative the NPE was founded, and was attracted to Mosley's concept of Europe a Nation.[7] He specifically denied any accusations of neo-Nazism levelled at him, portraying himself as a supporter of conservative nationalism.[3] However, he was frequently labelled a neo-Nazi[8] due to his prominent opposition to the notion of any German guilt for the Second World War.[3][need quotation to verify]

NPD

Thadden played a leading role in 1964 formation of the National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD) by merging his Reichspartei with a number of other rightist groups, including a revived German National People's Party.[3] He was initially overlooked as leader of the amalgamated group in favour of Friedrich Thielen of the German Party.[2] Thadden regularly clashed with the more moderate Thielen, and both men became involved in several lawsuits against each other, each aiming at gaining control of the NPD and ousting his rival from membership.[2]

Thadden was eventually elected NPD chairman in 1967.[3][need quotation to verify][9] He moved the party to the right, bringing in policies such as withdrawal from NATO, a return of Danzig to a united Germany, wide-ranging reform of the constitution and possibly a second Anschluss.[2] In one of his more widely reported activities, Thadden accidentally referred to the party as "National Socialists" rather than "National Democrats" in a television interview, something that was frequently brought up by critics who accused Thadden and his party of neo-Nazism.[2] He remained leader until 1971, achieving strong showings in regional elections, although the party failed to gain representation in the Bundestag under his leadership (and have never succeeded in doing so).[10] Although a loyal supporter of his successor, Martin Mussgnug, Thadden eventually left the NPD in 1975 after Gerhard Frey, who had previously been a harsh critic of von Thadden, was appointed Federal Administrator of the party.[11]

Thadden left active politics in 1974 and worked for a construction-firm, although he remained as chief editor of the Deutsche Wochenzeitung into the 1980s.[2] He maintained an interest in publishing for several years and was reported as acting on behalf of the Gesellschaft für freie Publizistik [de], a far-right journalism organisation linked to the NPD[12][13] in 1981 and 1982.[2][need quotation to verify]

Death

Thadden died on 16 July 1996, in Bad Oeynhausen, at the age of 75. Since Thadden's death, it has been claimed that he was a secret agent of the United Kingdom's external security agency, MI6.[14]

References

  1. ^ Echoes from an Unhappy Past, Time, 26 September 1969, retrieved 24 June 2009
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Philip Rees, Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890, Simon & Schuster, 1990, p. 387
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Louis L. Snyder, Encyclopedia of the Third Reich, Wordsworth, 1998, p. 344
  4. ^ Bergmann, W. (e.a.) (2009) Handbuch des Antisemitismus. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, p. 822
  5. ^ R. Eatwell, Fascism: A History, London: Pimlico, 2003, p. 281
  6. ^ Gottfried Wagner, Wer nicht mit dem Wolf heult – Autobiographische Aufzeichnungen eines Wagner-Urenkels (Cologne, 1997), p. 69 (quotation translated from the German)
  7. ^ Graham Macklin, Very Deeply Dyed in Black, IB Tauris, 2007, p. 90
  8. ^ Compare: Bialystok, Franklin (2000). "'The Jewish Emptiness': Confronting the Holocaust in the late 1960s and Early 1970s". Delayed Impact: The Holocaust and the Canadian Jewish Community. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 159. ISBN 9780773520653. Retrieved 1 July 2023. Le Devoir quoted Le Monde, which stated that "everybody considers von Thadden's party to be neo-Nazi except that very party alone." La Presse reported that eighteen members of the party's executive were former Nazi leaders. Similar views were expressed in the English-language press.
  9. ^ Facts. 18–22. Anti-defamation League of B'nai B'rith (published 1968): 455. 30 August 1968 https://books.google.com/books?id=zdc3AQAAIAAJ. Retrieved 1 July 2023. On November 12, 1967, an overwhelming majority of the NPD national convention in Hanover elected Adolf von Thadden national chairman. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  10. ^ P. Ignazi, Extreme Right Parties in Western Europe, Oxford University Press, 2006, p. 67
  11. ^ C.P. Blamires, World Fascism – A Historical Encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, 2006, p. 658
  12. ^ "Verfassungsschutzbericht 2006" (PDF) (in German). Berlin: Bundesministerium des Innern. 2006. p. 142. Archived from the original on 9 August 2007. Retrieved 1 July 2023. Die mit etwa 500 Mitgliedern weiterhin größte rechtsextremistische Kulturvereinigung Gesellschaft für freie Publizistik e. V. (GfP) hat unter Leitung von Andreas MOLAU, dem stellvertretenden Chefredakteur der NPD-Zeitung Deutsche Stimme und zeitweiligen Berater der NPD-Fraktion im Sächsischen Landtag, ihren im Jahr 2005 eingeschlagenen Kurs der Annäherung an die NPD beibehalten.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  13. ^ Sager, Tomas; Peters, Jürgen (30 October 2008). "Die PRO-Aktivitaten im Kontext der extremen Rechten". In Häusler, Alexander (ed.). Rechtspopulismus als "Bürgerbewegung": Kampagnen gegen Islam und Moscheebau und kommunale Gegenstrategien (in German). Wiesbaden: Springer-Verlag. p. 126. ISBN 9783531911199. Retrieved 1 July 2023. Harald Neubauer [...] ist Mitherausgeber der extrem rechten Monatszeitschrift „Nation & Europa" und Vorstandsmitglied der NPD-nahen „Gesellschaft für freie Publizistik".
  14. ^ Neo-Nazi leader 'was MI6 agent', John Hooper, The Guardian, 13 August 2002, retrieved 24 June 2009
  • v
  • t
  • e
Logo of the National Democratic Party of Germany
  • v
  • t
  • e
Far-right politics in Germany (1945–present)
Political parties
and groups
Defunct
People
German law
Lists
Related articles
  • v
  • t
  • e
President: Erich Köhler until 18 October 1950; Hermann Ehlers from 19 October 1950 (CDU)
CDU/CSU
  • v
  • t
  • e
CDU/CSU
Speaker: Konrad Adenauer until 21 September 1949; Heinrich von Brentano from 30 September 1949
SPD
  • v
  • t
  • e
SPD
Speaker: Kurt Schumacher until 20 August 1952; Erich Ollenhauer from 7 October 1952
  • Members:
  • Albertz
  • Albrecht
  • Altmaier
  • Ansorge (from 17 November 1951)
  • Arndt
  • Arnholz
  • Baade
  • Bärsch
  • Baur
  • Bazille
  • Behrisch
  • Bergmann
  • Bergsträsser
  • Berlin
  • Bettgenhäuser
  • Bielig
  • Birkelbach
  • Blachstein
  • Bleiß
  • Böhm
  • Brandt
  • Brill
  • Bromme
  • Brünen
  • Brunner (until 13 November 1951)
  • Cramer
  • Dannebom
  • Diel
  • Döhring
  • Eichler
  • Ekstrand
  • Erler
  • Faller (from 4 December 1951)
  • Fischer (until 21 October 1951)
  • Franke (from 17 May 1951)
  • Freidhof
  • Freitag
  • Geritzmann
  • Gleisner
  • Görlinger
  • Graf
  • Greve
  • Gülich
  • Happe
  • Heiland
  • Heinen (from 24 July 1953)
  • Hennig
  • Henßler
  • Herbig (until 1 December 1951)
  • Herrmann
  • Höcker
  • Höhne
  • Hubert
  • Imig
  • Jacobi
  • Jacobs
  • Jahn
  • Kalbfell
  • Kalbitzer
  • Keilhack
  • Keuning
  • Kinat
  • Kipp-Kaule
  • Klabunde (until 21 November 1950)
  • Knoeringen (until 3 April 1951)
  • Knothe (until 20 February 1952)
  • Koch
  • Königswarter (from 1 February 1952)
  • Korspeter
  • Krahnstöver
  • Kreyssig (from 4 April 1951)
  • Kriedemann
  • Kurlbaum
  • Lange
  • Lausen
  • Leddin (until 25 March 1951)
  • Löbe
  • Lockmann (from 28 November 1950)
  • Lohmüller (until 2 March 1952)
  • Ludwig
  • Lütkens
  • Marx
  • Matzner
  • Mayer
  • Meitmann
  • Mellies
  • Menzel
  • Merten (from 23 April 1951)
  • Mertins
  • Meyer
  • Meyer
  • Meyer-Laule
  • Missmahl
  • Mommer
  • Moosdorf (from 4 May 1952)
  • Mücke
  • Müller
  • Müller
  • Nadig
  • Neubauer (from 1 February 1952)
  • Neumann
  • Nölting (until 15 July 1953)
  • Nowack
  • Odenthal (from 28 September 1951)
  • Ohlig
  • Ollenhauer
  • Paul
  • Peters
  • Pohle
  • Preller (from 16 March 1951)
  • Priebe
  • Reitzner
  • Richter
  • Ritzel
  • Roth (until 14 May 1951)
  • Ruhnke
  • Runge
  • Sander
  • Sassnick
  • Schanzenbach
  • Schellenberg (from 1 February 1952)
  • Schmid
  • Schmidt
  • Schoettle
  • Schönauer (until 2 April 1950)
  • Schöne
  • Schroeder
  • Schröter (from 1 February 1952)
  • Schumacher (until 20 August 1952)
  • Segitz (from 4 December 1951)
  • Seuffert
  • Stech
  • Steinhörster
  • Stierle
  • Stopperich (until 6 January 1952)
  • Striebeck
  • Strobel
  • Suhr (until 31 January 1952)
  • Temmen
  • Tenhagen
  • Troppenz
  • Veit
  • Wagner
  • Wehner
  • Wehr (from 21 May 1952)
  • Weinhold
  • Welke
  • Weltner
  • Wenzel
  • Winter (from 9 November 1952)
  • Wolff (from 1 February 1952)
  • Wönner
  • Zinn (until 21 January 1951)
  • Zühlke
FDP
  • v
  • t
  • e
FDP
Speaker: Theodor Heuss until 12 September 1949; Hermann Schäfer until 10 January 1951; August-Martin Euler until 6 May 1952; Hermann Schäfer from 6 May 1952
  • Members:
  • Atzenroth
  • Becker
  • Blank
  • Blücher
  • Dannemann
  • Dehler
  • Dirscherl
  • Eberhard (from 3 October 1952)
  • Euler
  • Fassbender
  • Friedrich (from 5 October 1950 Non-attached, from 16 November 1950 BHE/DG, from 2 April 1952 FDP-Gast)
  • Frühwald
  • Funcke (from 14 September 1951)
  • Gaul
  • Golitschek
  • Grundmann
  • Hammer
  • Hasemann
  • Henn (from 1 February 1952)
  • Heuss (until 15 September 1949)
  • Hoffmann (from 15 June 1951)
  • Hoffmann
  • Höpker-Aschoff (until 9 September 1951)
  • Hübner (from 1 February 1952)
  • Hütter (from 15 September 1949)
  • Ilk (from 3 November 1949)
  • Jaeger (from 22 January 1953)
  • Juncker
  • Kneipp
  • Kohl (until 31 January 1952)
  • Kühn
  • Langer (from 10 June 1952 Non-attached, from 29 March 1953 WAV)
  • Leuchtgens (from 21 January 1950 DRP, from 5 October 1950 Non-attached (DRP), from 6 December 1950 DP, from 27 July 1953 partei- und Non-attached)
  • Leuze (from 21 March 1952)
  • Linnert (until 27 October 1949)
  • Luchtenberg (from 30 October 1950)
  • Margulies
  • Mauk (from 7 April 1952)
  • Mayer (until 18 December 1952)
  • Mende
  • Middelhauve (until 17 October 1950)
  • Mulert (from 1 February 1952)
  • Neumayer
  • Nöll
  • Nowack (until 30 September 1952)
  • Oellers (until 5 June 1951)
  • Onnen
  • Pfleiderer
  • Preiß
  • Preusker
  • Rademacher
  • Rath
  • Rechenberg (until 19 January 1953)
  • Reif
  • Revenstorff
  • Rüdiger (until 20 February 1951)
  • Schäfer
  • Schneider
  • Stahl
  • Stegner
  • Trischler
  • Vries (from 5 January 1953)
  • Wellhausen
  • Wildermuth (until 9 March 1952)
  • Will (from 1 February 1952)
  • Wirths
  • Zawadil (from 26 November 1952 DP)
DP
  • v
  • t
  • e
DP
Speaker: Heinrich Hellwege until 2 November 1949; Friedrich Klinge until 21 December 1949; Hans Mühlenfeld until 15 March 1953; Hans-Joachim von Merkatz from 17 March 1953
  • Members:
  • Ahrens
  • Bahlburg (from 13 September 1951 Non-attached, from 24 January 1952 DP-Gast, from 10 September 1952 Non-attached)
  • Campe (from 23 January 1950, until 8 January 1952)
  • Eickhoff
  • Ewers
  • Farke
  • Fricke (from 22 March 1952)
  • Hedler (from 19 January 1950 Non-attached, from 28 March 1950 DRP-Gast, from 16 September 1950 Non-attached, from 29 April 1953 WAV)
  • Hellwege
  • Jaffé (from 9 January 1952)
  • Kalinke
  • Klinge (until 21 December 1949)
  • Kuhlemann
  • Matthes
  • Merkatz
  • Mühlenfeld (until 15 May 1953)
  • Seebohm
  • Tobaben
  • Walter
  • Wittenburg
  • Woltje (from 30 May 1953)
BP
  • v
  • t
  • e
BP
Speaker: Gebhard Seelos until 25 September 1951; Hugo Decker from 25 September 1951
  • Members:
  • Aretin (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Aumer (from 8 September 1950 Non-attached)
  • Baumgartner (until 1 January 1951)
  • Besold (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Decker
  • Donhauser (from 8 September 1950 Non-attached, from 17 September 1952 CSU)
  • Eichner (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Etzel (from 14 December 1951 FU, from 3 December 1952 Non-attached (GVP))
  • Falkner (until 27 October 1950)
  • Fink (from 14 December 1951 FU, from 5 January 1952 CSU)
  • Fürstenberg (from 7 November 1950 Non-attached, from 19 January 1951 CSU)
  • Lampl (from 10 November 1950, from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Maerkl (from 1 September 1952)
  • Mayerhofer (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Meitinger (from 26 September 1951, from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Oettingen-Wallerstein (from 8 January 1951, from 14 December 1951 FU, until 1 September 1952)
  • Parzinger (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Rahn (from 14 January 1950, from 8 September 1950 Non-attached, from 17 October 1950 WAV-Gast, from 14 February 1951 CSU)
  • Seelos (until 25 September 1951)
  • Volkholz (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Wartner (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Ziegler (until 30 December 1949)
KPD
  • v
  • t
  • e
KPD
Speaker: Max Reimann
  • Members:
  • Agatz
  • Fisch
  • Gundelach
  • Harig
  • Kohl (from 26 January 1950)
  • Leibbrand (until 26 January 1950)
  • Müller (from 10 May 1950 Non-attached)
  • Müller
  • Niebergall
  • Niebes (from 10 July 1952)
  • Nuding (until 20 April 1951)
  • Paul
  • Reimann
  • Renner
  • Rische
  • Strohbach (from 16 May 1951)
  • Thiele
  • Vesper (until 30 June 1952)
WAV
  • v
  • t
  • e
WAV
Speaker: Alfred Loritz
  • Members:
  • Bieganowski (from 21 March 1952, from 23 April 1952 DP/DPB, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached)
  • Fröhlich (from 13 October 1950 BHE/DG, from 21 March 1952 Non-attached)
  • Goetzendorff (from 29 March 1950 DRP-Gast, from 5 October 1950 Non-attached (DRP), from 29 April 1953 WAV)
  • Keller (from 24 April 1952, from 6 December 1951 DP, Non-attached)
  • Löfflad (from 6 December 1951 DP)
  • Loritz (from 6 December 1951 Non-attached, from 29 April 1953 WAV)
  • Paschek (from 29 March 1950 DRP-Gast, from 5 October 1950 Non-attached, from 30 January 1951 WAV, from 6 December 1951 DP, until 22 April 1952)
  • Reindl (from 6 December 1951 DP/DPB, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached, from 29 April 1953 WAV)
  • Schmidt (from 6 December 1951 DP/DPB, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached)
  • Schuster (from 6 December 1951 DP)
  • Tichi (from 13 October 1950 BHE/DG, from 21 March 1952 Non-attached)
  • Wallner (from 6 December 1951 DP/DPB, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached)
  • Weickert (from 13 October 1950 BHE/DG, until 16 March 1952)
  • Wittmann (from 6 December 1951 DP, from 9 May 1952 Non-attached, from 5 July 1952 CDU/CSU-Gast)
ZENTRUM
  • v
  • t
  • e
ZENTRUM
Speaker: Helene Wessel
  • Members:
  • Amelunxen (until 7 October 1949)
  • Arnold (from 14 December 1951 FU, from 9 December 1952 Non-attached (GVP))
  • Bertram (from 3 November 1949, from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Determann (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Glasmeyer (from 23 November 1951 CDU)
  • Hamacher (until 29 July 1951)
  • Hoffmann (, from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Krause (until 18 October 1950)
  • Pannenbecker (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Reismann (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Ribbeheger (from 14 December 1951 FU)
  • Wessel (from 14 December 1951 FU, from 13 November 1952 Non-attached (GVP))
  • Willenberg (from 26 October 1950, from 14 December 1951 FU)
DRP
  • v
  • t
  • e
DRP
  • Members:
  • Dorls (from 13 December 1950 WAV-Gast, from 17 January 1951 WAV, from 26 September 1951 Non-attached, am 23 October 1952 Mandatsaberkennung)
  • Frommhold (from 7 September 1949 Nationale Rechte, from 5 October 1950 Non-attached (DRP), from 26 March 1952 DP-Gast, from 11 February 1953 Non-attached)
  • Jaeger (from 29 February 1952)
  • Miessner (from 5 October 1950 FDP-Gast, from 20 December 1950 FDP)
  • Rößler (from 15 September 1949 Nationale Rechte, from 6 September 1950 Non-attached, from 13 December 1950 WAV-Gast, from 17 January 1951 WAV, from 26 September 1951 Non-attached, until 21 February 1952)
  • Thadden (from 15 September 1949 Nationale Rechte; 1950 DRP, from 20 April 1950 Non-attached)
OTHER
  • v
  • t
  • e
OTHER
  • Members:
  • Clausen (from 23 January 1952 FU-Gast, from 3 July 1953 Non-attached)
  • Edert (CDU/CSU-Gast)
  • Freudenberg (from 5 December 1952 Non-attached)
  • Ott (Non-attached, from 4 May 1950 WAV-Gast, from 13 October 1950 BHE/DG, from 21 March 1952 Non-attached, from 26 March 1952 DP/DPB-Gast, from 26 June 1952 Non-attached)
Authority control databases Edit this at Wikidata
International
  • FAST
  • ISNI
  • VIAF
National
  • France
  • BnF data
  • Germany
  • Israel
  • United States
  • Netherlands
People
  • Deutsche Biographie
Other
  • IdRef