Albert Bridge, Manchester
53°28′55″N 2°15′11″W / 53.481808°N 2.25309°W / 53.481808; -2.25309
Albert Bridge | |
---|---|
![]() | |
Coordinates | 53°28′54″N 2°15′11″W / 53.481797°N 2.253065°W / 53.481797; -2.253065 |
Carries | Bridge Street |
Crosses | River Irwell |
Locale | Manchester, England |
Heritage status | Grade II listed structure |
Characteristics | |
Design | Skew arch bridge |
History | |
Designer | George W. Buck |
Opened | 26 August 1844; 180 years ago (1844-08-26) |
Location | |
![]() |
Albert Bridge is a Grade II listed skew arch bridge in Greater Manchester, England.[1] A replacement for an earlier structure, New Bailey Bridge, it was completed in 1844. It crosses the River Irwell, connecting Salford to Manchester.
An 1843 investigation of the earlier structure, built between 1783 and 1785, revealed that it was in such poor condition it would have to be completely replaced. A special committee decided on a design by George W. Buck, costing about £9,000. A temporary footbridge was provided while the new bridge was being built, although this was temporarily destroyed during a flood. In a separate incident, a construction worker was killed by falling masonry.
The new bridge was opened on 26 August 1844. The first vehicle to cross was a donkey cart, from Manchester.
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/New_Bailey_Bridge%2C_Manchester.jpg/220px-New_Bailey_Bridge%2C_Manchester.jpg)
As with the nearby Blackfriars and Victoria bridges, Albert Bridge replaced an earlier structure, New Bailey Bridge.[2] This was built by subscription in shares of £40, between 1783 and 1785. Road users paid a toll to cross the bridge, allowing those who funded it[nb 1] to recoup their investment of about £1,500, plus interest of about 7.5 per cent. The last toll was paid on 31 January 1803, following which the bridge became free for all to use.[2][4] New Bailey Bridge was built from stone and used two[nb 2] arches to cross the Mersey and Irwell Navigation. A smaller arch on the Manchester bank of the river crossed a towpath, giving access to the Duke of Bridgewater's quay.[5] Two six-foot wide flagged pavements were provided for pedestrian use, on either side of a road 23 feet 11 inches wide.
By 1843 the bridge's condition was perilous, prompting magistrates at an annual session in Preston to investigate its future.[4] A court of about 30 magistrates decided to pull down the almost 59-year-old bridge and replace it with a stone structure about 60 feet wide. A committee was formed, and three estimates were offered: two stone bridges costing £9,700 and £9,640 respectively, and an iron bridge costing £9,400. The committee decided to accept a separate plan by George W. Buck, of a stone and brick bridge costing about £9,000.[3] Buck advertised for contractors to submit tenders in the Manchester Guardian in April 1843.[6] An advertisement in the Manchester Guardian announced the closure of the old bridge for 26 June 1843.[7]
Bowers and Murray of Liverpool were the main contractors, with Sugden and Redfern of Manchester subcontracted for the stonework. A temporary pedestrian footbridge was constructed while the works were underway, although this was destroyed by floating debris when the Irwell flooded in October 1843 (a replacement was built).[8] Another serious accident occurred during the following January, when part of a stone block being lowered by crane broke off, killing a man working below.[9]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Albert_bridge_manchester_1854.jpg/220px-Albert_bridge_manchester_1854.jpg)
The footpath on the bridge's north side was opened on 16 August 1844, coinciding with the closure of the temporary footbridge,[10] and ten days later the new bridge was fully opened. 60 feet wide, it uses a skew arch of 110 feet 9¼ inches to cross about 106 feet of water. Its 3-foot-thick arch is 20 feet tall and built from Bolton stone, and at the centre is about 30 feet above the river bed. The keystone weighs about three tons. Four cast iron lampposts provide illumination. Improvements were also made to the bridge's approaches, paid for by Manchester and Salford and costing an estimated £3,000 and £1,000 respectively.[3]
An opening ceremony was held, with dignitaries from both towns crossing the bridge in a large procession. Military bands played music as the mayors of Manchester and Salford saluted each other, before they approached a long table filled with refreshments. William Garnett, chairman of the bridge committee, gave a speech in which he praised recent improvements to public rights of way and local bridges, and officially named the new bridge. Alexander Kay and William Lockett, mayors of Manchester and Salford, also spoke, as did other local dignitaries. The first vehicle to cross the bridge was a donkey cart from Manchester.[3]
Albert Bridge was declared a Grade II listed building on 20 June 1988.[11]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
See also
References
- Footnotes
- ^ An old document presented to the Manchester Guardian a few days before the Albert Bridge opening ceremony lists Thomas Butterworth Bayley, Matthew Fletcher (possibly Matthew Fletcher of Wet Earth Colliery), Thomas Philips, Peter Wright, James Bateman, Daniel Whittaker and John Varley, and masons Charles Jones and Jesse Broad of Manchester as contractors.[3]
- ^ Some contemporary sources erroneously state that three arches were used; such statements may include the smaller towpath arch on the Salford bank of the river.
- Notes
- ^ Historic England. "ALBERT BRIDGE (1293278)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 June 2015.
- ^ a b Axon 1886, p. 109
- ^ a b c d Opening of the Albert Bridge, The Manchester Guardian, 28 September 1844, p. 4, ProQuest 473563105
- ^ a b The Late "New Bailey Bridge", The Manchester Guardian, 4 September 1844, p. 5, ProQuest 473555191
- ^ Aston 1804, pp. 256–258
- ^ Classified Ad 31, The Manchester Guardian, 15 April 1843, p. 1
- ^ Classified Ad 7, The Manchester Guardian, 24 June 1843, p. 1
- ^ Local and Provincial Intelligence, The Manchester Guardian, 1 November 1843, p. 4, ProQuest 473539932
- ^ Local and Provincial Intelligence, The Manchester Guardian, 17 January 1844, p. 4, ProQuest 473546036
- ^ Local and Provincial Intelligence, The Manchester Guardian, 21 August 1844, p. 4, ProQuest 473560877
- ^ Historic England. "Albert Bridge (that Part in the City of Manchester) (1293278)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 27 February 2012.
- Bibliography
- Aston, Joseph (1804), The Manchester Guide, Joseph Aston
- Axon, William E. A. (1886), The Annals of Manchester, J. Heywood, OL 23277734M
- v
- t
- e
- Deansgate Square South Tower (201m)
- Beetham Tower (169m)
- Deansgate Square East Tower (158m)
- The Blade (154m)
- Three60 (154m)
- Elizabeth Tower (153m)
- Deansgate Square West Tower (141m)
- Viadux (136m)
- Deansgate Square North Tower (122m)
- CIS Tower (118m)
- Affinity Living Circle Square (116m)
- Oxygen Towers (110m)
- Angel Gardens (108m)
- City Tower (107m)
- Bridgewater Heights (106m)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Manchester_Town_Hall_from_Lloyd_St.jpg/120px-Manchester_Town_Hall_from_Lloyd_St.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Rylands_Library_Deansgate.jpg/120px-Rylands_Library_Deansgate.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Express_Building_Manchester.jpg/120px-Express_Building_Manchester.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Manchester_Civil_Justice_Centre_from_Bridge_Street.jpg/120px-Manchester_Civil_Justice_Centre_from_Bridge_Street.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Angel_Square%2C_front_facade.jpg/120px-Angel_Square%2C_front_facade.jpg)
- Artisan Heights (95m)
- Axis Tower (93m)
- 1 Spinningfields (92m)
- River Street Tower (92m)
- Arndale House (90m)
- Manchester Town Hall Clock Tower (87m)
- Cambridge Street Block A (83m)
- One Regent (82m)
- Civil Justice Centre (81m)
- Manchester One (80m)
- 1 Circle Square (76m)
- 3 Hardman Street (75m)
- Great Northern Tower (72m)
- One Angel Square (72m)
- 3 St Peter's Square (72m)
- The Gate, Angel Meadow (68m)
- The Light House (67m)
- Victoria Residence (67m)
- The Principal Manchester (66m)
- Victoria Mill (65m)
- Albert Bridge House (64m)
- 111 Piccadilly (64m)
- Islington Wharf (64m)
- The Slate Yard Flint Building (64m)
- Skyline Central (63m)
- The Peninsula (63m)
- Cambridge Street Block B (63m)
- No. 1 Deansgate (62m)
- Owens Park Tower (61m)
- Brooklyn Hotel (61m)
- One Castle Wharf (61m)
- Manchester Business School Hotel (60m)
- St James's Buildings (60m)
- 2 Leftbank Apartments (60m)
- 3 Leftbank Apartments (60m)
- 3 Piccadilly Place (60m)
- Chancery Place (60m)
- The Lume (60m)
- Affinity Living Circle Square Tower 2 (60m)
- One St Peter's Square (59m)
- Two St Peter's Square (59m)
- Landmark, St. Peter's Square (59m)
- 2 Circle Square (59m)
- Hotel and MSCP, Circle Square (59m)
- Lowry House (58m)
- Minshull Street Courts (57m)
- UNITE Tower (57m)
- Cornbrook Works Tower 1 (57m)
- Ramada Renaissance Hotel (56m)
- Parkway Gate Block 1 (56m)
- Royal Exchange Theatre (55m)
- 1 New York Street (55m)
- St James's House (55m)
- Bank Chambers (55m)
- Vita Circle Square Tower 1 (54m)
- Kampus Tower 1 (54m)
- Kampus Tower 2 (54m)
- Affinity Living Circle Square Tower 3 (54m)
- No. 1 Marsden Street (53m)
- The Stile, Angel Meadow (53m)
- 82 King Street (52m)
- Oxygen Tower 2 (52m)
- Vox Tower 1 (51m)
- Kampus Tower 3 (51m)
- New Century House (50m)
- Hexagon Tower (50m)
- Parkway Gate Block 2 (50m)
(city centre or Grade II* listed)
- 1 The Avenue
- 1–3 York Street
- 25 St Ann Street
- 38 and 42 Mosley Street
- 46–48 Brown Street
- 50 Newton Street
- 53 King Street
- 84 Plymouth Grove
- 100 King Street
- Afflecks
- Alan Turing Building
- Albert Hall
- Ancoats Hospital
- Arkwright House
- Athenaeum
- Baguley Hall
- Bank Chambers
- Barlow Hall
- Barton Arcade
- Central Library
- Chetham's Library
- Chips
- Clayton Hall
- Corn Exchange
- County Court
- Daily Express
- Dalton-Ellis Hall
- Didsbury Campus
- Estate Exchange
- Former Bank of England
- Free Trade Hall
- Gateway House
- Old Granada Studios
- The Green Building
- Grove House
- The Haçienda
- Hanover Building
- Heaton Hall
- Holyoake House
- Hough End Hall
- Hulme Hall
- Hulme Hippodrome
- Institute of Biotechnology
- John Rylands Library
- John Rylands University Library
- Kendals
- Lawrence Buildings
- Law Library
- Lincoln House
- London Road Fire Station
- Manchester Art Gallery
- Manchester Museum
- Mechanics' Institute
- Memorial Hall
- Midland Hotel
- Minshull Street Crown Courts
- Science and Industry Museum
- National Graphene Institute
- Nicholls Building
- Odeon Cinema
- Old Wellington Inn
- One Piccadilly Gardens
- Pankhurst Centre
- People's History Museum
- Police Museum
- Portico Library
- Playhouse Theatre
- Redfern Building
- Reform Club
- Rose Hill
- Royal Eye Hospital
- Rylands Building
- Sackville Street Building
- Sharston Hall
- Ship Canal House
- Slade Hall
- Smithfield Market Hall
- St Anselm Hall
- Saint Mary's Hospital
- St Michael's
- Strangeways
- Sunlight House
- Theatre Royal
- Toast Rack
- The Towers
- Transport Museum
- Urbis
- Uttley House
- Victoria Baths
- Whitworth Art Gallery
- Whitworth Building
- Wythenshawe Bus Garage
- Wythenshawe Hall
- 107 Piccadilly
- 1830 warehouse, Liverpool Road railway station
- Albion Mill
- Asia House
- Beehive Mill
- Bridgewater House
- Brownsfield Mill
- Brunswick Mill
- Canada House
- Chorlton New Mills
- Churchgate House
- Dale Street Warehouse
- Havelock Mills
- India House
- Jackson's Warehouse
- Lancaster House
- McConnel & Kennedy Mills
- Murrays' Mills
- Old Mill
- Piccadilly Mill
- Royal Mill
- Shudehill Mill
- Watts Warehouse
(Grade I or II* listed)
- British Muslim Heritage Centre
- Brookfield Church
- Castlefield Chapel
- Christ Church
- Cross Street Chapel
- Holy Name of Jesus
- Edgar Wood Centre
- Gorton Monastery
- Holy Trinity Platt Church
- The Hidden Gem (Church of St Mary)
- Jewish Museum
- Manchester Cathedral
- Manchester Reform Synagogue
- St Ann's
- St Chrysostom's Church
- Church of St Cross
- St George
- St James
- St John
- St Mary (Hulme)
- Church of St Michael
- St Nicholas
- St Peter
- Upper Brook Street Chapel
- St Wilfrid
- O2 Apollo
- Arndale Centre
- Bridgewater Hall
- Castlefield Bowl
- Central
- Co-op Live
- Contact Theatre
- Cornerhouse
- The Factory
- Great Northern Warehouse
- HOME
- Palace Theatre
- Parrs Wood Entertainment Centre
- Opera House
- The Printworks
- Manchester Arena
- Manchester Academy
- O2 Ritz
- Royal Exchange Theatre
- Victoria Warehouse
- Alan Turing Memorial
- Albert Memorial
- B of the Bang
- The Glade of Light
- Cenotaph
- Rise up, Women (Emmeline Pankhurst statue)
- Peacock Mausoleum
- Victory Over Blindness
- Architecture
- Castles
- Churches
- Grade I listed
- Grade II* listed
- Grade II listed
- Mills
- Monuments
- Tallest
- Warehouses
Italics denote building under construction