Amitabha urbsinterdictensis

Extinct species of bird

Amitabha urbsinterdictensis
Temporal range: Middle Eocene
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Genus: Amitabha
Gulas-Wroblewski and Wroblewski, 2002
Species:
A. urbsinterdictensis
Binomial name
Amitabha urbsinterdictensis
Gulas-Wroblewski and Wroblewski, 2002

Amitabha urbsinterdictensis is an ancient bird from the Middle Eocene (approximately 50 million years before the present) in North America. One specimen has been found to date. Bonnie Gulas-Wroblewski and Anton Wroblewski described and named it in 2002.[1]

Specimens

The only known specimen of A. urbsinterdictensis is the type, AMNH 30331, which consists of a partial skeleton, including an incomplete humerus, scapula, sternum, and pelvis.[2] It is from the Bridger Formation of Wyoming, which is of Middle Eocene age.[1]

Relationships

In their 2002 paper, Gulas-Wroblewski and Wroblewski found A. urbsinterdictensis to be a crown-group galliform, and a member of the "phasianoids", the group that also includes such birds as peacocks, pheasants, and turkeys.[1] Gerald Mayr criticized this analysis.[2] A 2009 study by Daniel Ksepka found the species to belong neither to the crown nor the stem of the galliformes, but rather to have affinities to the rails.[3]

Name

Explaining their choice of name, Gulas-Wroblewski and Wroblewski wrote, "urbsinterdictensis refers to the "Forbidden City" locality of Wyoming. Amitabha is for Amitabha Buddha, the bodhisattva of enlightenment and compassion, who commonly adopts the form of a peacock when incarnated in the material world".[1]

References

Literature cited

Look up Amitabha in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
  • Gulas-Wroblewski, Bonnie E.; Wroblewski, Anton F.-J. (November 2003). "A crown-group galliform bird from the Middle Eocene Bridger Formation of Wyoming". Palaeontology. 46 (6): 1269–1280. doi:10.1046/j.0031-0239.2003.00340.x.
  • Mayr, Gerald (2009). Paleogene Fossil Birds. Berlin, Germany: Springer. ISBN 978-3-540-89627-2.
  • Ksepka, D. T. (2009). "Broken gears in the avian molecular clock: new phylogenetic analyses support stem galliform status for Gallinuloides wyomingensis and rallid affinities for Amitabha urbsinterdictensis". Cladistics. 25: 173–197. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2009.00250.x.
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Genera of landfowl and their extinct allies
incertae sedis
  • Anisolornis?
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Gallinuloididae
Paraortygidae
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Quercymegapodiidae
Sylviornithidae
Galliformes
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Sylviornis neocaledoniae
  • Amitabha
  • Bumbanipodius
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Penelopinae
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Phasianoidea
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Mitu mitu
Numididae
Odontophoridae
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Ptilopachinae
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Numida meleagris
Rollulinae
Pavoninae
Coturnicini
Gallini
Pavonini
Polyplectronini
Phasianinae
Lophophorini
Phasianini
Tetraonini
Rollulus rouloul
Taxon identifiers
Amitabha urbsinterdictensis