Andrés de Alcaraz
Andrés de Alcaraz | |
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15th Governor-General of the Philippines | |
In office April 19, 1616 – July 3, 1618 | |
Monarch | Philip III of Spain |
Governor | (Viceroy of New Spain) Diego Fernández de Córdoba, 1st Marquess of Guadalcázar |
Preceded by | Juan de Silva |
Succeeded by | Alonso Fajardo de Tenza |
Signature | |
Andrés de Alcaraz was an auditor licentiate taking over military affairs before becoming the 15th governor-general of the Philippines of the Philippines under Spanish colonial rule. He is the second governor-general of the Philippines from the Real Audiencia of Manila.
Governor General of the Philippines
The successor of Juan de Silva, who died in his expedition to Malacca, as Governor-General was supposed to be Jeronimo de Silva, his uncle, but the latter was fighting the Dutch in the Moluccas so the Audiencia Real took charge of political affairs and Auditor Licentiate Alcaraz took charge of military affairs by royal decree in March 1616.[1] The Philippines, being a Spanish colony, had been involved in the Eighty Years' War. At the start of his term, Alcaraz sought to raise an army to equip a new fleet of galleons and galleys to battle the Dutch fleet, which had been a menace to the archipelago for years. He needed 1,000 men, but he obtained only 600. Hence, he furnished 380 men from Manila, along with 34 captains, 80 sergeants and 180 soldiers.[2]
During his term also, Dutch naval officer Joris van Spilbergen and his fleet of 10 galleons formed a blockade at Manila Bay, after being defeated in Iloilo on September 30, 1616. This was faced by a Spanish armada of seven galleons under Juan Ronquillo del Castillo. This was the Second Battle of Playa Honda, which occurred on April 14, 1617. Spillbergen's flagship sank with other two galleons, and the Dutch repulsed.[3] Jeronimo de Silva returned on September 30, 1617, taking over military affairs. However, the Audiencia still took charge of the country as a whole. In 1618, the government collected 160,000 tributes.
Notes
- ^ Blair & Robertson 1904a, pp. 289–291.
- ^ Blair & Robertson 1904b, Letter from Licentiate Alcaraz to Felipe III, p. 35.
- ^ "Governors of the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period". 1997–2002. Retrieved 2011-10-27.
References
- Blair, Emma Helen; Robertson, James Alexander, eds. (1904a). The Philippine Islands, 1493–1803; Explorations by Early Navigators, Descriptions of the Islands and Their Peoples, Their History and Records of the Catholic Missions, as Related in Contemporaneous Books and Manuscripts, Showing the Political, Economic, Commericial and Religious Conditions of Those Islands from Their Earliest Relations with European Nations to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century. Vol. 17: 1609–1616. Cleveland, Ohio: Arthur H. Clark Company.
- Blair, Emma Helen; Robertson, James Alexander, eds. (1904b). The Philippine Islands, 1493–1803; Explorations by Early Navigators, Descriptions of the Islands and Their Peoples, Their History and Records of the Catholic Missions, as Related in Contemporaneous Books and Manuscripts, Showing the Political, Economic, Commericial and Religious Conditions of Those Islands from Their Earliest Relations with European Nations to the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century. Vol. 18: 1617–1620. Cleveland, Ohio: Arthur H. Clark Company.
- v
- t
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Viceroyalty of New Spain
(1565–1821)
- Miguel López de Legazpi
- Guido de Lavezaris
- Francisco de Sande
- Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peñalosa
- Diego Ronquillo
- Santiago de Vera
- Gómez Pérez Dasmariñas
- Pedro de Rojas
- Luis Pérez Dasmariñas
- Francisco Tello de Guzmán
- Pedro Bravo de Acuña
- Cristóbal Téllez Almazán
- Count of Valle de Orizaba
- Juan de Silva
- Andrés de Alcaraz
- Alonso Fajardo de Tenza
- Jeronimo de Silva
- Fernándo de Silva
- Juan Niño de Tabora
- Lorenzo de Olaso
- Juan Cerezo de Salamanca
- Sebastián Hurtado de Corcuera
- Diego Fajardo
- Sabiniano Manrique de Lara
- Diego de Salcedo
- Juan Manuel de la Peña Bonifaz
- Manuel de León
- Francisco Coloma
- Francisco de Montemayor y Mansilla
- Juan de Vargas Hurtado
- Gabriel de Curucealegui
- Alonso de Abella Fuertes
- Fausto Cruzat y Góngora
- Domingo Zabálburu de Echevarri
- Martín de Urzua y Arismendi
- José Torralba
- Fernando Bustamante
- Francisco de la Cuesta
- Toribio de Cossío
- Fernándo Valdés Tamón
- Gaspar de la Torre
- Juan de Arechederra
- Marquis of Brindisi and Ovando
- Pedro Manuel de Arandía
- Miguel Lino de Ezpeleta
- Manuel Rojo
- Simón de Anda
- Francisco Javier de la Torre
- José Antonio Raón
- Simón de Anda
- Pedro Sarrió
- José Basco
- Pedro Sarrió
- Félix Berenguer de Marquina
- Rafael María de Aguilar
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
- Manuel González de Aguilar
- José de Gardoqui y Jarabeitia
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
(1821–1898)
- Mariano Fernández de Folgueras
- Juan Antonio Martínez
- Mariano Ricafort
- Pasqual Enrile
- Gabriel de Torres
- Joaquín de Crámer
- Pedro Antonio Salazar
- Andrés García Camba
- Luis Lardizábal
- Marcelino de Oraá Lecumberri
- Francisco de Paula Alcalá de la Torre
- Narciso Clavería
- Antonio María Blanco
- Juan Antonio de Urbiztondo
- Ramón Montero
- Manuel Pavía
- Ramón Montero
- Manuel Crespo
- Ramón Montero
- Fernándo Norzagaray
- Ramón María Solano
- Juan Herrera Dávila
- José Lemery
- Salvador Valdés
- Rafael de Echague
- Joaquín del Solar
- Juan de Lara
- José Laureano de Sanz
- Antonio Osorio y Mallén
- Joaquín del Solar
- José de la Gándara
- Manuel Álvarez-Maldonado y Loriga
- Carlos María de la Torre
- Rafael de Izquierdo
- Manuel MacCrohon
- Juan Alaminos
- Manuel Blanco Valderrama
- Marquis of San Rafael
- Marquis of Oroquieta
- Rafael Rodríguez Arias
- Fernando Primo de Rivera
- Emilio Molíns
- Joaquín Jovellar
- Emilio Molíns
- Emilio Terrero
- Antonio Molto
- Federico Lobaton
- Valeriano Weyler
- Eulogio Despujol
- Federico Ochando
- Ramon Blanco
- Camilo de Polavieja
- José de Lachambre
- Fernando Primo de Rivera
- Basilio Augustín
- Fermín Jáudenes
- Francisco Rizzo
- Diego de los Ríos
Smallcaps indicates an oidor of the Real Audiencia of Manila.
Preceded by | Spanish Governor - Captain General of the Philippines 1616–1618 | Succeeded by |