Antimony pentasulfide

Inorganic compound of antimony and sulfur

Antimony pentasulfide
Names
Other names Antimony red
Identifiers
CAS Number	1315-04-4^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:134733
ChemSpider	17615643^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.013.869
EC Number	215-255-5
PubChem CID	16683083
UNII	1433F1I86N^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8046583
InChI InChI=1S/5S.2Sb^Y Key: PPKVREKQVQREQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y
SMILES S=[Sb](=S)S[Sb](=S)=S
Properties
Chemical formula	Sb₂S₅
Molar mass	403.82 g·mol⁻¹
Appearance	Red powder
Density	4.12 g/cm ³
Melting point	135 °C (275 °F; 408 K) (decomposes)
Solubility in water	insoluble
Solubility	soluble in HCl, alkalis, ammonium hydrosulfide
Pharmacology
ATC code	R05CA07 (WHO)
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H228, H302, H332, H411
Precautionary statements	P210, P240, P241, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P330, P370+P378, P391, P501
Flash point	flammable
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 0.5 mg/m³ (as Sb)^[1]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 0.5 mg/m³ (as Sb)^[1]
Related compounds
Related compounds	Antimony(III) sulfide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N verify (what is ^YN ?) Infobox references

Chemical compound

Antimony pentasulfide is an inorganic compound of antimony and sulfur, also known as antimony red. It is a nonstoichiometric compound with a variable composition. Its structure is unknown.^[2] Commercial samples are contaminated with sulfur, which may be removed by washing with carbon disulfide in a Soxhlet extractor.

Production

Antimony pentasulfide can be produced by the reaction of antimony with sulfur at a temperature from 250 to 400 °C in an inert atmosphere.

Uses

It may be used as a red pigment and is one possible precursor to Schlippe's salt, Na₃SbS₄·9H₂O, which can be prepared according to the equation:

3 Na₂S + Sb₂S₅ + 9 H₂O → 2 Na₃SbS₄·9H₂O

It is also used in the vulcanization of rubber to produce red rubber.

Physical chemistry

Like many sulfides, this compound liberates hydrogen sulfide upon treatment with strong acids such as hydrochloric acid.^[3]

6 HCl + Sb₂S₅ → 2 SbCl₃ + 3 H₂S + 2 S

Analysis by Mössbauer spectroscopy indicates that this compound is a derivative antimony(III),^[4] explaining the production of antimony(III) chloride, rather than antimony(V) chloride, upon acidification. It is, therefore, not analogous to the phosphorus(V) compound phosphorus pentasulfide.

References

^ ^a ^b NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0036". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
^ Arnold F. Holleman, Nils Wiberg: Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, 102nd edition, de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, p. 849, ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1.
^ Strem MSDS
^ G. G. Long; J. G. Stevens; L. H. Bowen; S. L. Ruby (1969). "The oxidation number of antimony in antimony pentasulfide". Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 5 (1): 21–25. doi:10.1016/0020-1650(69)80231-X.