Archduke Ernest of Austria

Austrian nobleman (1553–1595)

Ernest of Austria
Portrait by Martino Rota c. 1580
Born	15 June 1553^[1] Vienna, Archduchy of Austria
Died	20 February 1595(1595-02-20) (aged 41)^[1] Brussels, Duchy of Brabant
House	Habsburg
Father	Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor
Mother	Maria of Spain

Archduke Ernest of Austria (German: Ernst von Österreich; 15 June 1553 – 20 February 1595)^[1] was an Austrian prince, the son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria of Spain.

Biography

Born in Vienna, he was educated with his brother Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, in the court of Spain.^[1] He was a candidate in the 1573 Polish–Lithuanian royal election for the throne of Poland. From 1576 onwards, he was governor in the Archduchy of Austria, where he promoted the Counter-Reformation. In 1590, he became governor of Inner Austria as regent for his young cousin Ferdinand, and from 1594 to 1595 he served as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands.

He died in Brussels on 20 February 1595 and was eventually succeeded in the Netherlands by his brother Albert. Ernest owned the Months of the Year cycle series of works painted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder; one painting, High Spring (showing April or May) is lost):

The Gloomy Day (February/March)
A 1565 Brugel sketch "Spring" although not part of the Months cycle series it could very well be similar to what Bruegel had in mind when he painted "High Spring" {April/May)
The Hay Harvest (June/July)
The Harvesters (August/September)
The Return of the Herd (October/November)
The Hunters in the Snow (December/January)

Ancestry

Ancestors of Archduke Ernest of Austria

8. Philip I of Castile^[4]

4. Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor^[2]

9. Joanna I of Castile^[5]

2. Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor

10. Vladislas II of Bohemia and Hungary^[6]

5. Anne of Bohemia and Hungary^[2]

11. Anne of Foix-Candale^[6]

1. Archduke Ernest of Austria

12. Philip I of Castile^[7] (= 8)

6. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor^[3]

13. Joanna I of Castile^[7] (= 9)

3. Maria of Austria

14. Manuel I of Portugal^[8]

7. Isabella of Portugal^[3]

15. Maria of Aragon^[8]

Male-line family tree

Habsburg

^{[n 1]}
Original line / Albertinian line / Leopoldian line

Max and Philip line / Spanish / Iberian line / Austrian / HRE line

Albert
Count of Habsburg
(c. 1188–1239)

Rudolf I
of Germany
(c. 1218–1291)

Albert I
of Germany
(1255–1308)

Hartmann
(1263–1281)

Rudolf II
Duke of Austria
(1270–1290)

Rudolf I
of Bohemia
(1281–1307)

Frederick
the Fair
(c. 1289–1330)

Leopold I
Duke of Austria
(1290–1326)

Albert II
Duke of Austria
(1298–1358)

Henry
the Friendly
(1299–1327)

Otto
Duke of Austria
(1301–1339)

John
Parricida
(c. 1290–1312/13)

Rudolf IV
Duke of Austria
(1339–1365)

Frederick III
Duke of Austria
(1347–1362)

Albert III
Duke of Austria
(1349–1395)

Leopold III
Duke of Austria
(1351–1386)

Frederick II
Duke of Austria
(1327–1344)

Leopold II
Duke of Austria
(1328–1344)

Albert IV
Duke of Austria
(1377–1404)

William
Duke of Austria
(c. 1370–1406)

Leopold IV
Duke of Austria
(1371–1411)

Ernest
Duke of Austria
(1377–1424)

Frederick IV
Duke of Austria
(1382–1439)

Albert II
of Germany
(1397–1439)

Frederick III
HRE
(1415–1493)

Albert VI
Archduke of Austria
(1418–1463)

Sigismund
Archduke of Austria
(1427–1496)

Ladislaus
the Posthumous
(1440–1457)

Maximilian I
HRE
(1459–1519)

Philip I
of Castile
(1478–1506)

Charles V
HRE
(1500–1558)

Ferdinand I
HRE
(1503–1564)

Philip II
of Spain
(1527–1598)

Maximilian II
HRE
(1527–1576)

Ferdinand II
Archduke of Austria
(1529–1595)

Charles II
Archduke of Austria
(1540–1590)

Carlos
Prince of Asturias
(1545–1568)

Philip III
of Spain
(1578–1621)

Rudolf II
HRE
(1552–1612)

Ernest
of Austria
(1553–1595)

Matthias
HRE
(1557–1619)

Maximilian III
Archduke of Austria
(1558–1618)

Albert VII
Archduke of Austria
(1559–1621)

Wenceslaus
Archduke of Austria
(1561–1578)

Andrew
Margrave of Burgau
(1558–1600)

Charles
Margrave of Burgau
(1560–1618)

Ferdinand II
HRE
(1578–1637)

Maximilian Ernest
of Austria
(1583–1616)

Leopold V
Archduke of Austria
(1586–1632)

Charles
of Austria
(1590–1624)

Philip IV
of Spain
(1605–1665)

Charles
of Austria
(1607–1632)

Ferdinand
of Austria
(1609–1641)

John-Charles
of Austria
(1605–1619)

Ferdinand III
HRE
(1608–1657)

Leopold Wilhelm
of Austria
(1614–1662)

Ferdinand Charles
Archduke of Austria
(1628–1662)

Sigismund Francis
Archduke of Austria
(1630–1665)

Balthasar Charles
Prince of Asturias
(1629–1646)

Charles II
of Spain
(1661–1700)

Ferdinand IV
King of the Romans
(1633–1654)

Leopold I
HRE
(1640–1705)

Charles Joseph
of Austria
(1649–1664)

Joseph I
HRE
(1678–1711)

Charles VI
HRE
(1685–1740)

Notes:

^ "Habsburg family tree". Habsburg family website. 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Ernst" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 6. p. 180 – via Wikisource.
^ ^a ^b Press, Volker (1990), "Maximilian II.", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 16, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 471–475; (full text online)
^ ^a ^b Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Maria von Spanien" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 7. p. 19 – via Wikisource.
^ Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Philipp I. der Schöne von Oesterreich" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 7. p. 112 – via Wikisource.
^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Joanna" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
^ ^a ^b Priebatsch, Felix (1908), "Wladislaw II.", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 54, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 688–696
^ ^a ^b Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor at the Encyclopædia Britannica
^ ^a ^b Stephens, Henry Morse (1903). The story of Portugal. G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 125, 139, 279. ISBN 9780722224731. Retrieved 11 July 2018.

Government offices
Preceded by Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort	Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands 1594–1595	Succeeded by Pedro Henriquez de Acevedo

Austrian archdukes

Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919.

1st generation

2nd generation

Maximilian I

3rd generation

Philip I of Castile

4th generation

5th generation

6th generation

7th generation

8th generation

9th generation

Joseph I
Leopold Joseph
Charles III

11th generation

Joseph II^T
Charles Joseph^T
Leopold VII^T
Ferdinand^T
Maximilian Franz, Archbishop-Elector of Cologne^T

12th generation

13th generation

14th generation

15th generation

16th generation

Emperor Charles I Maximilian
Habsburg Tuscany	Gottfried^T Rainer^T Leopold Maria^T Anton^T Franz Joseph^T Karl Pius^T Franz Karl Salvator^T Hubert Salvator^T
Palatines of Hungary	Joseph Árpád Géza

17th generation

Descent of Charles I	Crown Prince Otto Robert Felix Carl Ludwig Rudolf
Tuscany	Dominic^T
Palatines	Eduard

18th generation

Charles	Karl Georg Lorenz^B Karl Philipp Simeon

19th generation

Charles	Ferdinand Zvonimir Károly Amedeo^B

S: also an infante of Spain
P: also an infante of Portugal
T: also a prince of Tuscany
M: also a prince of Modena
B: also a prince of Belgium

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