Asano zaibatsu

Asano zaibatsu
Statue of Asano Soichiro
IndustryConglomerate
Founded1884
FounderAsano Soichiro
Defunct1947

Asano zaibatsu 浅野財閥, one of the major second-tier zaibatsu (conglomerates) in Japan, was founded in 1887 by Asano Sōichirō 浅野総一郎 with support from Shibusawa Eiichi 渋沢栄一, the founder of the Shibusawa zaibatsu 渋沢財閥 and "father of Japanese capitalism".

History

Asano Sōichirō 浅野総一郎 founded Asano zaibatsu in 1884 after purchasing the Fukagawa Cement Works from the government with support from Shibusawa Eiichi 渋沢栄一 of the Shibusawa zaibatsu.[1] Because the Asano zaibatsu had no bank of its own it relied on Shibusawa and Yasuda zaibatsu capital, but it was still "the fifth-largest" zaibatsu in Japan.[2] It had 64 affiliated companies in 1940[3] and 94 in 1943.[4] It almost monopolized the cement industry in Japan.[5] "Often these companies are controlled through only a minority of shares, domination being accomplished by personal influence, and the manipulation of credit, supplies and outlets."[6] Since 1945, when most of the zaibatsu were disbanded by Douglas MacArthur in occupied Japan, the Asano zaibatsu has spun off many companies.

Asano-house in Tokyo
The mark of NKK

Member Companies

  • TOA Construction Corporation 東亜建設工業 (formerly Tsurumi Marine Works　鶴見埋築, Tokyo Bay Marine Works 東京湾埋立, Toa Kowan Kogyo 東亜港湾工業)[7]
  • Taiheiyo Cement 太平洋セメント, one of the largest cement companies in Japan, formed by a merger of Chichibu Onoda (itself a merger of Chichibu Cement and Onoda Cement) and Nippon Cement 日本セメント）(formerly Asano Cement 浅野セメント).
  • Oki Electric Industry 沖電気 [8]
  • Asano Shipbuilding Company (Asano Dock) 浅野造船所 (Japan Marine United ジャパンマリンユナイテッド)[9]
  • Asano Carlit 浅野カーリット (Japan Carlit 日本カーリット) [10]
  • Toyo Kisen Line　東洋汽船　[11](Nippon Yusen 日本郵船)[12]
  • Iwaki Coal Mine 磐城炭鉱[13] (Spa Resort Hawaiians スパリゾートハワイアンズ)
  • left: The mark of Asano Cement
    Tsurumi Rinko Tetsudo (Tsurumi Harbor RR.) 鶴見臨港鉄道 (JR Tsurumi Line 鶴見線)[14]
  • Nambu Line 南武鉄道（JR南武線）[15]
  • Ome Line 青梅鉄道 (JR青梅線)[16]
  • Itsukaichi Line 五日市鉄道（JR五日市線）[17]
  • Sangi Railway 三岐鉄道[18]
  • Musashino Railway 武蔵野鉄道（Seibu Railway 西武鉄道）[19]
  • NKK or Nippon Kokan 日本鋼管 (JFE Holdings, JFE Steel, JFE Engineering)[20]
  • Tokyo Gas 東京瓦斯, 東京ガス [21]
  • Sapporo Breweries 札幌麦酒、サッポロビール [22]

Hospitals

  • Nippon Kokan Hospital 日本鋼管病院 founded in 1918
  • Asano Hospital 浅野病院 founded in 1919[23]

Schools

  • Asano High School 浅野中学校・高等学校 founded in 1920[24]
  • Asano Institute of Technology 浅野工学専門学校 founded in 1925[25]

References

  1. ^ Saito Satoshi 齋藤憲, Kaseguni Oitsuku Binbo Nashi『稼ぐに追いつく貧乏なし』, Toyo Keizai Shinpo Sha 東洋経済新報社、1998, pp.29-32. ISBN 4-492-06106-1
  2. ^ Asano-Soichiro in Encyclopædia Britannica website
  3. ^ The Asano Industrial Combine of Japan and its Officers, 1945, p.4.
  4. ^ Nippon Sangyou Keizai Shinbun Newspaper 1943,5,22-1943,6,4
  5. ^ The Asano Industrial Combine of Japan and its Officers
  6. ^ The Asano Industrial Combine of Japan and its Officers, 1945, p.2.
  7. ^ Toa
  8. ^ Oki Electric Industry
  9. ^ Japan Marine United
  10. ^ Japan Carlit
  11. ^ "Soichiro Asano" by Satoshi Saito p.72.
  12. ^ Nippon Yusen
  13. ^ "Soichiro Asano" by Satoshi Saito p.62.
  14. ^ The Asano Industrial Combine of Japan and its Officers, 1945-1946, p.4.
  15. ^ 渡邉恵一『浅野セメントの物流史』立教大学出版会、２００５年、pp.208-247. ISBN 4-901988-05-0
  16. ^ 渡邉恵一「青梅鉄道の設立と浅野総一郎」『立教経済学研究』立教大学経済学研究会、48巻、3号、1995年、pp.187～212.
  17. ^ 渡邉恵一『浅野セメントの物流史』立教大学出版会、2005年、pp.206-209. ISBN 4-901988-05-0
  18. ^ Sangi Railway official
  19. ^ 西武鉄道の成立　武蔵野の台地に王国を築いた堤康次郎（前編）
  20. ^ JFE Group Prehistory
  21. ^ Saito Satoshi 齋藤憲, Kaseguni Oitsuku Binbo nashi 稼ぐに追いつく貧乏なし, Toyo Keizai Shinpo Sha 東洋経済新報社, 1998, p.84. ISBN 4-492-06106-1
  22. ^ Sapporo holdinds
  23. ^ Nippon Kokan Hospital history
  24. ^ Asano High School history
  25. ^ Asano Institute of Technology