Avá-Canoeiro language
Tupian language spoken in Brazil
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| Avá-Canoeiro | |
|---|---|
| Ãwa | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Goiás |
| Ethnicity | 46 (2009)[1] |
Native speakers | 14 (2006)[1] |
Language family | Tupian
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | avv |
| Glottolog | avac1239 |
| ELP | Avá |
Avá-Canoeiro, known as Avá or Canoe, is a minor Tupi–Guaraní language of the state of Goiás, in Brazil. All speakers are monolingual.[1]
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i ĩ | ɨ ɨ̃ | u ũ | |
| Mid | e ẽ | o õ | ||
| Open | a ã | |||
| Phoneme | Allophones |
|---|---|
| /i/ | [i], [ɪ], [j] |
| /e/ | [e], [ɛ], [ɪ] |
| /ɨ/ | [ɨ], [ə] |
| /a/ | [a], [ə] |
| /u/ | [u], [ʊ], [w] |
| /o/ | [o], [ɔ], [ʊ] |
| /ã/ | [ə̃] |
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | lab. | |||||
| Stop | p | t | k | kʷ | ||
| Affricate | tʃ | |||||
| Fricative | ʁ | |||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Tap | ɾ | |||||
| Approximant | w | (l) | j | |||
- /ɾ/ may also be heard as [l] in free variation.
- Nasals /m, n/ can be heard as voiced plosives [b, d] freely in word-initial positions.[2]
| Phoneme | Allophones |
|---|---|
| /p/ | [p], [pʰ], [p̚] |
| /t/ | [t], [tʰ], [t̚], [tʃ] |
| /k/ | [k], [kʰ], [k̚], [q] |
| /tʃ/ | [tʃ], [ʃ], [ʒ], [j] |
| /ʁ/ | [ʁ], [ɡ], [ɢ] |
| /m/ | [m], [ᵐb], [b] |
| /n/ | [n], [ⁿd], [d] |
| /w/ | [w], [β], [ɢʷ], [w̃] |
| /ɾ/ | [ɾ], [l], [ɾ̃] |
| /j/ | [j], [ʃ], [ʒ], [tʃ], [dʒ], [ʎ], [ɲ], [j̃] |
References
- ^ a b c Avá-Canoeiro at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Borges, Mônica V. (2006). Aspectos Fonológicos e Morfossintáticos da Língua Avá-Canoeiro (Tupi-Guarani). Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
External links
- Lev, Michael; Stark, Tammy; Chang, Will (2012). "Phonological inventory of Avá-Canoeiro". The South American Phonological Inventory Database (version 1.1.3 ed.). Berkeley: University of California: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages Digital Resource.
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Ramarama
| Aweti–Guarani |
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Italics indicate extinct languages
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