Species of bird
| Azure-winged magpie |
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Conservation status |
 Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] |
Scientific classification  |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Corvidae |
| Genus: | Cyanopica |
| Species: | C. cyanus |
| Binomial name |
Cyanopica cyanus
(Pallas, 1776) |
 |
| Synonyms |
| Cyanopica cyana |
The azure-winged magpie (Cyanopica cyanus) is a bird in the crow family. It is 31–35 cm long and similar in overall shape to the Eurasian magpie (Pica pica) but is more slender with proportionately smaller legs and bill. It belongs to the genus Cyanopica.
It has a glossy black top to the head and a white throat. The underparts and the back are a light grey-fawn in colour with the wings and the feathers of the long (16–20 cm) tail an azure blue. It inhabits various types of coniferous (mainly pine) and broadleaf forest, including parks and gardens in the eastern populations.
Distribution and habitat
It occurs over a large region of eastern Asia in China, Korea, Japan, and north into Mongolia and southern Siberia. The Iberian magpie from southwestern and central parts of the Iberian Peninsula, in Spain and Portugal was formerly thought to be conspecific, but recent genetic analysis has shown them to be distinct at species level.[2][3]
Behaviour and ecology
Often azure-winged magpies find food as a family group or several groups making flocks of up to 70 birds. The largest groups congregate after the breeding season and throughout the winter months. Their diet consists mainly of acorns (oak seeds) and pine nuts, extensively supplemented by invertebrates and their larvae, soft fruits and berries, and also human-provided scraps in parks and towns.
This species usually nests in loose, open colonies with a single nest in each tree. There are usually 6–8 eggs that are incubated for 15 days. Azure-winged magpies that have asynchronous broods, creating a size hierarchy among nestlings, produce more eggs and fledge more nestlings than those which have synchronous broods.[4]
The voice is a quick fired and metallic sounding kwink-kwink-kwink usually preceded by a single krarrah.
Gallery
References
- ^ BirdLife International (2017). "Cyanopica cyanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T103721987A112291292. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-1.RLTS.T103721987A112291292.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
- ^ Fok, Koon Wah; Wade, Christopher M.; Parkin, David T. (2002). "Inferring the phylogeny of disjunct populations of the azure-winged magpie Cyanopica cyanus from mitochondrial control region sequences". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 269 (1501): 1671–1678. doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2057. PMC 1691084. PMID 12204127.
- ^ Kyukov, Alexei; Iwasa, Masahiro A.; Kakizawa, Ryozo; Suzuki, Hitoshi; Pinsker, Wilhelm; Haring, Elisabeth (2004). "Synchronic east–west divergence in azure-winged magpies (Cyanopica cyanus) and magpies (Pica pica)". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 42 (4): 342–351. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2004.00287.x. Archived from the original on 2012-07-03.
- ^ Da, Xin-Wei; Xian, Li-Li; Luo, Juan-Juan; Gao, Li-Fang; Du, Bo (2018). "Azure‐winged Magpies Cyanopica cyanus trade off reproductive success and parental care by establishing a size hierarchy among nestlings". Ibis. 160 (4): 769–778. doi:10.1111/ibi.12575.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cyanopica cyanus.
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| Choughs | | Pyrrhocorax | - Alpine chough (P. graculus)
- Red-billed chough (P. pyrrhocorax)
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| Treepies | | Crypsirina | - Hooded treepie (C. cucullata)
- Black racket-tailed treepie (C. temia)
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| Dendrocitta | - Andaman treepie (D. bayleyi)
- Bornean treepie (D. cinerascens)
- Grey treepie (D. formosae)
- Black-faced treepie (D. frontalis)
- White-bellied treepie (D. leucogastra)
- Sumatran treepie (D. occipitalis)
- Rufous treepie (D. vagabunda)
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| Platysmurus | - Malayan black magpie (P. leucopterus)
- Bornean black magpie (P. aterrimus)
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| Temnurus | - Ratchet-tailed treepie (T. temnurus)
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Oriental
magpies | | Cissa | - Common green magpie (C. chinensis)
- Indochinese green magpie (C. hypoleuca)
- Bornean green magpie (C. jefferyi)
- Javan green magpie (C. thalassina)
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| Urocissa | - Taiwan blue magpie (U. caerulea)
- Red-billed blue magpie (U. erythrorhyncha)
- Yellow-billed blue magpie (U. flavirostris)
- Sri Lanka blue magpie (U. ornata)
- White-winged magpie (U. whiteheadi)
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| Old World jays | | Garrulus | - Eurasian jay (G. glandarius)
- Lanceolated jay (G. lanceolatus)
- Lidth's jay (G. lidthi)
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Podoces
(Ground jays) | - Xinjiang ground jay (P. biddulphi)
- Mongolian ground jay (P. hendersoni)
- Turkestan ground jay (P. panderi)
- Iranian ground jay (P. pleskei)
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| Ptilostomus | |
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Stresemann's
bushcrow | | Zavattariornis | - Stresemann's bushcrow (Z. stresemanni)
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| Nutcrackers | | Nucifraga | - Spotted nutcracker (N. caryocatactes)
- Clark's nutcracker (N. columbiana)
- Kashmir nutcracker (N. multipunctata)
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Holarctic
magpies | | Pica | - Black-billed magpie (P. hudsonia)
- Yellow-billed magpie (P. nuttalli)
- Eurasian magpie (P. pica)
- Oriental magpie (P. sericea)
- Maghreb magpie (P. mauritanica)
- Asir magpie (P. asirensis)
- Black-rumped magpie (P. bottanensis)
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| True crows | | Corvus | - Australian and Melanesian species
- Little crow (C. bennetti)
- Australian raven (C. coronoides)
- Bismarck crow (C. insularis)
- Brown-headed crow (C. fuscicapillus)
- Bougainville crow (C. meeki)
- Little raven (C. mellori)
- New Caledonian crow (C. moneduloides)
- Torresian crow (C. orru)
- Forest raven (C. tasmanicus)
- Grey crow (C. tristis)
- Long-billed crow (C. validus)
- White-billed crow (C. woodfordi)
- Pacific island species
- Hawaiian crow (C. hawaiiensis)
- Mariana crow (C. kubaryi)
- Tropical Asian species
- Slender-billed crow (C. enca)
- Small crow (C. samarensis)
- Palawan crow (C. pusillus)
- Flores crow (C. florensis)
- Large-billed crow (C. macrorhynchos)
- Eastern jungle crow (C. levaillantii)
- Indian jungle crow (C. culminatus)
- House crow (C. splendens)
- Collared crow (C. torquatus)
- Piping crow (C. typicus)
- Banggai crow (C. unicolor)
- Violet crow (C. violaceus)
- Eurasian and North African species
- Mesopotamian crow (C. capellanus)
- Hooded crow (C. cornix)
- Carrion crow (C. corone)
- Rook (C. frugilegus)
- Eastern carrion crow (C. orientalis)
- Fan-tailed raven (C. rhipidurus)
- Brown-necked raven (C. ruficollis)
- Holarctic species
- Common raven (C. corax)
- North and Central American species
- American crow (C. brachyrhynchos)
- Chihuahuan raven (C. cryptoleucus)
- Tamaulipas crow (C. imparatus)
- Jamaican crow (C. jamaicensis)
- White-necked crow (C. leucognaphalus)
- Cuban palm crow (C. minutus)
- Cuban crow (C. nasicus)
- Fish crow (C. ossifragus)
- Hispaniolan palm crow (C. palmarum)
- Sinaloan crow (C. sinaloae)
- Tropical African species
- White-necked raven (C. albicollis)
- Pied crow (C. albus)
- Cape crow (C. capensis)
- Thick-billed raven (C. crassirostris)
- Somali crow (C. edithae)
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| Jackdaws | |
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Azure-winged
magpies | | Cyanopica | - Iberian magpie (C. cooki)
- Azure-winged magpie (C. cyanus)
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| Grey jays | | Perisoreus | - Canada jay (P. canadensis)
- Siberian jay (P. infaustus)
- Sichuan jay (P. internigrans)
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| New World jays | Aphelocoma
(Scrub jays) | - California scrub jay (A. californica)
- Island scrub jay (A. insularis)
- Woodhouse's scrub jay (A. woodhouseii)
- Florida scrub jay (A. coerulescens)
- Transvolcanic jay (A. ultramarina)
- Unicolored jay (A. unicolor)
- Mexican jay (A. wollweberi)
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Calocitta
(Magpie-Jays) | - Black-throated magpie-jay (C. colliei)
- White-throated Magpie-jay (C. formosa)
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| Cyanocitta | - Blue jay (C. cristata)
- Steller's jay (C. stelleri)
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| Cyanocorax | - Black-chested jay (C. affinis)
- Purplish-backed jay (C. beecheii)
- Azure jay (C. caeruleus)
- Cayenne jay (C. cayanus)
- Plush-crested jay (C. chrysops)
- Curl-crested jay (C. cristatellus)
- Purplish jay (C. cyanomelas)
- White-naped jay (C. cyanopogon)
- Tufted jay (C. dickeyi)
- Azure-naped jay (C. heilprini)
- Bushy-crested jay (C. melanocyaneus)
- Brown jay (C. morio)
- White-tailed jay (C. mystacalis)
- San Blas jay (C. sanblasianus)
- Violaceous jay (C. violaceus)
- Green jay (C. ynca)
- Yucatan jay (C. yucatanicus)
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| Cyanolyca | - Silvery-throated jay (C. argentigula)
- Black-collared jay (C. armillata)
- Azure-hooded jay (C. cucullata)
- White-throated jay (C. mirabilis)
- Dwarf jay (C. nana)
- Beautiful jay (C. pulchra)
- Black-throated jay (C. pumilo)
- Turquoise jay (C. turcosa)
- White-collared jay (C. viridicyana)
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| Gymnorhinus | - Pinyon jay (G. cyanocephalus)
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Eggs, Collection Museum Wiesbaden
