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Baronage of Scotland

Chapeau of a Scots baron
The chapeau (or cap of maintenance) represents Scot barons in historical heraldry instead of a coronet
Nobility of the
baronage of Scotland
Baronial rank of nobility
Titled nobles in the Baronage
Topics
Convention of the Three Estates
Ayton Castle, Scottish Borders, caput of the barony of Ayton. Built in 1851 in the Scottish Baronial style by William Mitchell-Innes, then baron of Ayton, to the design of James Gillespie Graham

In Scotland, the titles of "baron" or "baroness" refer to holders of a barony within the Baronage of Scotland, a rank of the ancient Scottish nobility. These are hereditary titles of honour,[1][2] traditionally granted by Crown charter as free baronies. Their legal recognition is upheld by various institutions, including the Court of the Lord Lyon,[3] the Scottish Parliament,[4] institutional writers[5][6] and official sources such as the Scottish Law Commission.[7][8]

Although being historically referred to as feudal barons, this terminology has become obsolete. Following the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000, which came into force in 2004, Scottish baronies ceased to be connected to land ownership. They became non-territorial dignities, or personal honours in law, with no associated land rights.[9] The correct modern usage is simply "baron".[10]

Scottish barons are recognised as noble[11] but are not peers and do not belong to the Peerage of Scotland. By contrast, an English barony is a peerage title, though under the Tenures Abolition Act 1660, some feudal baronies remain as baronies held by free socage. The peerage status of Scottish barons is disputed;[12] they are considered minor barons, holding noble titles of lower rank than peers. The Scottish equivalent of an English baron is a Lord of Parliament, which is a peerage title and ranks above a baron. Scottish barons are acknowledged as titled nobility, affirmed by the Lyon Court's 1943 Petition of Maclean of Ardgour, which recognised barones minores (minor barons) as part of Scotland's historic feudal nobility.[13]

Scottish baronies differ from British peerage and baronetage titles in that they may be succeeded by alienation, not solely by inheritance. Unlike these titles, they are not governed by strict succession rules and have remainders to "heirs and assignees", as stated in Crown charters. These titles are also excluded from the Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Act 1925, since they are not newly created honours but existing dignities recognised in law.

The heraldic privileges associated with baronies are regulated by the Lord Lyon King of Arms, who retains authority over arms in Scotland. A Scottish barony may be inherited or alienated to any individual, regardless of gender.[14] The institution of the Scottish baronage predates the Scottish peerage, and the two continue to coexist.

History

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Scottish baronies were historically the only form of British nobility held by prescriptive feudal tenure, capable of being disponed with the land or the caput (seat) rather than passing solely through hereditary succession. The earliest formal structuring of the Scottish table of precedence appears in 1592 statutes and King Charles I's warrants, which positioned barons as ranking below baronets and knights, but above lairds, esquires, and gentlemen. Sir Thomas Innes of Learney explained that the 1672 Act, cap. 47, classified ranks as peers, barons (if without a fief, equivalent to heads of Continental baronial houses), and gentlemen (including all other armigers).[15] In this framework, baronets and knights were considered gentlemen and thus ranked below barons. Though a barony was not a peerage, it was recognised as a noble dignity, and titles such as "Baron of X" reflected the territorial nature of Scottish nobility.

The General Register of Sasines, established by statute in 1617, allowed baronies to be legally registered, granting prescriptive rights to the caput over time. Possession of the land containing the caput conferred the title of baron or baroness. In 1672, the Lyon Register was created to regulate armorial bearings; no arms could be legally used in Scotland unless recorded therein, resolving disputes over heraldic rights.

Until 1874, new barons were confirmed by the Crown through charters of confirmation. By law, a Scottish barony required a Crown charter erecting the land into a barony, recorded in the Register of the Great Seal of Scotland. Even if the original charter was lost, an official extract carried the same legal weight. Barons held their estates directly of the Crown or the Prince and Great Steward of Scotland, and the barony's legal status depended on this superior feudal relationship.

Scottish barons were part of the political structure of pre-Union Scotland. They sat in the Parliament of Scotland as members of the Second Estate. In 1428, lesser barons were permitted to elect commissioners to represent them, due to the burdens of travel. These representatives joined the Third Estate alongside burgh and shire commissioners, though the barons retained their personal right to attend until the Union of 1707. Greater barons often gained peerages over time, becoming lords of parliament, earls, or dukes, while lesser barons retained local influence, particularly through baron's courts and administrative roles.

Following the 1707 Acts of Union, legislative power affecting Scottish private law transferred to the unified British Parliament at Westminster. This arrangement remained in place until the establishment of the devolved Scottish Parliament in 1999. During this period, landowners often used "prescriptive feudal grants" to impose perpetual obligations - called real burdens - on land, which were recognised by courts and functioned similarly to English leaseholds.

The first Scottish Government (or Executive) was committed to abolishing the feudal system. This culminated in the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000, which came fully into effect on 28 November 2004. With the Act, the feudal system was abolished, and baronies became incorporeal hereditaments[16][17] - intangible in status, similar to hereditary peerages, baronetcies, and coats of arms. Although baronies no longer conferred any legal right to land, the Act explicitly preserved their status as a dignity.[18][19] This marked the end of the ability to acquire a barony by purchasing land containing the caput.

Baronies are now fully "floating"[clarification needed] under Scots law and can be freely assigned or bequeathed. If a baron dies intestate, the dignity is inherited according to the pre-1964 rules of succession, preserved for titles and dignities by the Succession (Scotland) Act 1964.[20] The Court of the Lord Lyon, as the heraldic authority of Scotland, continues to regulate the heraldic aspects of baronies. The holder of a barony may petition the Lyon Court for a grant of arms and is entitled to bear the appropriate helm and additaments befitting the dignity.[21] However, the Lyon Court has no jurisdiction over the legal assignation of baronies, which is a matter of civil law.[citation needed]

Most Scottish baronies were created prior to 1745, though some were erected as late as 1824. One of the oldest surviving baronies, the Baron of the Bachuil, is exceptional in that it does not depend on land ownership. Instead, the title passes with possession of an ancient staff known as the Bachuil Mór, once belonging to Saint Moluag. The lawful possessor of the staff is recognised as the Baron of the Bachuil, irrespective of any landholding - a tradition predating the feudal system itself.[citation needed]

Although Scottish baronies are now entirely incorporeal in law, in some common law jurisdictions outside Scotland, particularly the United States, a barony may still be treated as a landholding entity. In these cases, land titled to "the Baron of X" is considered held in a fee simple attached to the barony.[22] This concept has not yet been tested in the Scottish courts.

Styles and forms of address

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Scottish baronial titles are typically used by landed families not possessing a British peerage title of higher rank, a knighthood, or similar distinction. The name recorded by the Lord Lyon King of Arms in a grant of arms or matriculation becomes the holder's official name for all purposes. Holders of a Scottish barony may incorporate the title into their name as "John Doe, Baron of X" or "Jane Doe, Baroness of X". If still in possession of the caput, they may use a territorial designation, such as "John Doe of X, Baron of X" or "Jane Doe of X, Baroness of X". Some ancient Scottish families prefer to be styled solely by the territorial designation, such as "Doe of X".[23][24][25]

Socially, they may be addressed as "Baron of X", "Baroness of X", or simply "X". When introduced or referred to in the third person, the correct form is "John Doe of X, Baron of X" or "The Baron of X" for males, and "Jane Doe, Baroness of X" or "The Baroness of X" for females. It is incorrect to use "Baron X" or "Lord X", as these imply a peerage title, such as Lord of Parliament.[26] Female barons, whether substantive holders or wives, may also be addressed as "Lady X" without the "of",[27] following the social custom for female lairds or their wives.

In a heterosexual married couple where the husband holds the barony, the wife is granted a courtesy title. They may be styled as "The Baron and Baroness of X", "X and Madam Doe of X", "X and Lady X", or "The Baron of X and Lady X".[23] The husband of a baroness does not receive a courtesy title. The eldest son of a baron or baroness may use the territorial designation with the suffix "yr" (younger), such as "James Doe of X, yr". The eldest daughter may be styled with "Maid of X" appended to her name, such as "Sandra Doe, Maid of X".

For use on United Kingdom passports, the applicant must provide evidence that the Lord Lyon has recognised the barony or that the title is listed in Burke's Peerage. If approved, the territorial designation is included as part of the surname, such as "Doe of X". An observation[28] may note the full title, for example, "The holder is John Doe, Baron of X".[29] In formal correspondence or on envelopes, the honorific prefix The Much Honoured (abbreviated as The Much Hon.) distinguishes Scottish barons and baronesses from peers e.g. The Much Honoured Baron of X or The Much Honoured Baroness of X.[citation needed]

Heraldry

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A Scottish baron's helmet
An azure chapeau

Barons in Scotland may wear two eagle feathers when dressed in traditional attire.[30][31] For those belonging to a clan, the wearing of feathers is subject to consultation with the clan chief regarding clan customs and traditions, as the Lord Lyon provides guidance but does not govern this practice. From the 1930s to 2004, when new arms were granted or existing arms were matriculated with recognition of a barony, the owner could petition for a chapeau or cap of maintenance as part of their armorial achievement. This chapeau, described as gules doubled ermine, was used for barons in possession of the caput of the barony, while an azure chapeau was deemed suitable for heirs of ancient baronial families no longer owning the estates. The chapeau was a relatively modern armorial addition introduced by the late Lyon Innes of Learney. Consequently, many ancient baronial arms do not feature the chapeau, and it is no longer granted.

Following the Treaty of Perth in 1266, Norway ceded its claim to the Hebrides and Man, integrating them into Scotland. In 1292, Argyll was established as a shire, making barons of Argyll and the Isles, which predated the Kingdom of Scotland, eligible to attend the Parliament of Scotland, as recorded at the parliament in St Andrews in 1309. Historically, these barons also used a chapeau described as gules doubled ermines, with the notable distinction that ermines refers to white tails on a black field. A notable exception exists with the Barony of the Bachuil, which is allodial rather than feudal, predating Scotland and its feudal system from the Gaelic Kingdom of Dál Riata (AD 562). As an allodial baron par la grâce de Dieu (by the Grace of God), not by feudal crown grant, the Baron of the Bachuil is uniquely permitted to use a chapeau lined with vair (squirrel fur).[32]

List of Baronies

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Baronage of Scotland
List of — Titled Nobles:
Barons / Baronesses or Ladies
Lords
Earls / Countesses
Marquis & Duke

List of baronies in the Baronage of Scotland

[edit]

Below is an incomplete list of baronies created in the Scottish baronage. Titles in italics are subsidiary baronial titles held by the same baron. Titles linked and with The before the name is the holder's primary title.

Title Creation date Infeft Incumbent Notes
The Baron of Abbotshall 17c 2001[33] Harold Robert Peerenboom, Baron of Abbotshall[33]
The Baron of Abergeldie 1482 1963[33] John Howard Seton Gordon, 21st Baron of Abergeldie[33] Formerly of Abergeldie Castle[34]
The Baron of Aden 1333 2015[33] Alexander Charles Cumine Russell, Baron of Aden[33]
The Baron of Alford 17c Kerry Alfred Hamer, Baron of Alford[33] Died 2019[35]
The Baron of Alforshire Charles Cogdill, Baron of Alforshire and Trent[33]
Baron of Trent 2002
The Baron of Anstruther 16c 2016[33] Ryan Patrick Pannell, Baron of Anstruther[33]
The Baron of Ardblair 1399 1979[33] Laurence Philip Kington Blair Oliphant, Baron of Ardblair and Gask[33]
Baron of Gask 1981
The Baron of Ardgour 16c 1988[33] Giancarlo Bonifazi, Baron of Ardgour[33]
The Baron of Ardgowan 13c 2004[33] Stephen Kerr, Baron of Ardgowan[33] Died July 2004.[36] Previous baron was Sir Houston Shaw-Stewart of Ardgowan house,[37] held by family for 800 years[citation needed]
The Baron of Ardgrain 2013[33] Pepijn Oscar Hendriks, Baron of Ardgrain[33]
The Baron of Ardoch 16c 1987[33] Thomas Andrew Wilson Neilson Mackay, 21st Baron of Ardoch[33]
The Baron of Arndilly 17c 2013 David Ronald Menzies of Arndilly, Baron of Arndilly[33]
The Baron of Arnisdale 17c William Paterson, Baron of Arnisdale[33]
The Baron of Arnot 1507 2016[33] Willem Blanken, Baron of Arnot[33]
The Baron of Auchreoch 15C 2024[33] Andrew Bell, Baron of Auchreoch[33]
The Baron of Auchendarroch 17c 2001 Keir Charles Campbell, 5th Baron of Auchendarroch [38]
The Baron of Auchindoir 15c 1966 Alisdair John Barlas, Baron of Auchindoir[33] Family married the Barlas, Barons of Corrachree[citation needed]
The Baron of Auchinleck 15c Valentine Bennett, Baron of Auchinleck[33]
The Baron of Auchmacoy 16c 2003 Charles Buchan of Auchmacoy, Baron of Auchmacoy, Clan Chief of the Buchan[39] Barony held for 19 generations[citation needed]
The Baron of Auchterhouse 13c 2020[33] Mark Murawski, Baron of Auchterhouse[33]
The Baron of Auchtermunzie 1437 2002[33] Jose Fernando Gutierrez Eddy, Baron of Auchtermunzie[40][33]
Baron of Auchterutherstruther 17c 2004[33] Abigail Busch Reisinger, Countess of Crawfurd-Lindsay, Baroness of Auchterutherstruther[33] Father is Baron of Inneryne[41]
The Baron of Ayton 17c 2007[33] Ian Liddell-Grainger, Baron of Ayton[33]
The Baron of the Bachuil 9c 2008 Niall Livingstone of Bachuil, Baron of Bachuil 'By The Grace of God'; Head of clan MacLea[42] Title predates the Kingdom of Scotland, without a feudal superior, making him the only person in the country with "By The Grace of God" in his passport, a phrase usually reserved for monarchy.[43]
The Baron of Badenscoth 1823
The Baron of Balcaskie 17c 1995[33] Timothy Edward Lumisden Strange, Baron of Balcaskie, Chief of Clan Strange[33]
The Baron of Balfluig 16c Mark Iain Tennant of Balfluig, Baron of Balfluig[44][33] Married Lady Harriot Pleydell-Bouverie, daughter of 7th Earl of Radnor[citation needed]
The Baron of Ballencrieff (East Lothian) 2011[33] Moray James Nairn, Baron of Ballencrieff[33]
The Baron of Ballencrieff (West Lothian) 15c Junaid Abbas Bhatti, Baron of Ballencrieff[33]
The Baron of Ballindalloch 17c 1983[33] Clare Russell of Ballindalloch, Lady Ballindalloch CVO[45][33] Seat: Ballindalloch Castle. Appointed Commander of the Royal Victorian Order and Lord Lieutenant of Banffshire, does not use baronial title; prefers to be known as Mrs Clare Russell, married to commoner[46]
The Baron of Ballumbie 17c 1997[33] Robert Williamson, Baron of Ballumbie[33]
The Baron of Balmachreuchie 15c 2010[33] Timothy Spaulding, Baron of Balmachreuchie[33]
Baron of Balmain 1475 2005 James Leslie, 22nd Earl of Rothes
The Baron of Balmore 1478 2015[33] Leo Adriano Silighini, Baron of Balmore[33]
The Baron of Balquhain[47] 1670[47]
Baron of Balquidder 1774 2020[33] Susan Livingston, Baroness of Balquidder, 22nd Countess of Arran[33]
The Baron of Balvenie 16c 2009[33] Jeremy Duncan Nicholson, Baron of Balvenie[33] Died 5 March 2024.[48] Received the title and seat Balvenie Castle on the death of his Uncle in 2009. Was Chieftain in Clan MacNicol, honorary President of the Dufftown Highland Games[citation needed]
The Baron of Banchory 18c 1979 Kenneth Ian Rush Lumsden, Baron of Banchory[33] Died 2008. Was brother of Lumsden, Baron of Cushnie. Son owns Banchory & Leggart Estates 500 acres outside Aberdeen.[49]
The Baron of Bannockburn 14c 2016[33] Hope Vere Anderson, Baron of Bannockburn[33]
The Baron of Barnbarroch 16c 1998 James Edward Vans, Baron of Barnbarroch[33] Family held lands in Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex at time of domesday book in 1066.[50]
The Baron of Barnis Forbes 15c Daphne Romy, Baroness of Barnis Forbes[33]
The Baron of Barnton 14c 2015[33] Markus Herman Frank, Baron of Barnton[33]
The Baron of Barr 16c Campbell Neal, Baron of Barr[33]
The Baron of Barra 16c 2010[33] Ian Roderick Macneil, Chief of Clan Niall and Baron of Barra[33] Family descends (cf. Burke's Peerage) from the 4th-5th century Irish High King Niall of the Nine Hostages.[citation needed]
The Baron of Bathgate[51] 12c
The Baron of Bavelaw[52]
The Baron of Bearcrofts 1697 2011[33] Charles Anthony Cree of Castle Stewart, Baron of Bearcrofts[33] Seat: Castle Stewart. In 1787 Robert Stewart reacquired Castle Stewart for his mother Christian Cree. In 1745 her father, Patrick Cree, Perth Lord Provost, when captured by Bonnie Prince Charlie, rejected a Jacobite Peerage.[citation needed]
The Baron of Bedrule 2015[33] Wallace Rutherford Turnbull, Baron of Bedrule[33]
The Baron of Belton c. 1468 2002[33] Ian Graham Rennie, Baron of Belton[33]
The Baron of Benholm 15c Roderick Strachan, Baron of Benholm[33] Seat: Benholm Castle
The Baron of Biggar 1451 2004[33] Charles Russell Clayton Ross, Baron of Biggar[33]
The Baron of Blackburn 16c Ranjit Kumar Chandra, Baron of Blackburn[33]
The Baron of Blackford 17c 1999[33] Richard Welkowitz, Baron of Blackford[33] Died 2019.[53]
The Baron of Blackhall 1395 2002[33] Robert Brown Gillespie of Blackhall, Baron of Blackhall,[33] OBE
The Baron of Blackness[54]
The Baron of Blair 15c 1997[33] Alfred Hill Glenn, Baron of Blair[33]
The Baron of Blantyre 16c Daniele Scarpi, Baron of Blantyre[33]
The Baron of Bognie 1635 2013 Alexander Gordon Morison, 13th Baron of Bognie,[33][55] Laird of Frendraught and Mountblairy
Baron of Mountblairy 1812
The Baron of Bombie 17c Barrie Owen Pettman, Baron of Bombie[33]
The Baron of Buittle 1315 Seat: Buittle Castle. Runs a baron's court.[56] Also a bishop in the Orthodox Church in Dumfries.[citation needed]
The Baron of Brigton 1761 1938 Marion Elizabeth Charlotte Macmillan Douglas, Baroness of Brigton[33] She inherited Brigton estate from her grandfather, William Douglas[citation needed]
The Baron of Brough
Baron of Buchan Forest Timothy Busch Reisinger, Lord of Garlies, Baron of Glencammon, Buchan Forest, Blairbuis and Corsewall [33]
Baron of Blairbuis
Baron of Corsewall
Baron of Glencammon
The Baron of Buquhollie and Freswick 16c Ivor John Spencer-Thomas, Baron of Buquhollie and Freswick[33] Died 2001[57]
The Baron of Byres 1366 Paul Richard Kayley, Baron of Byres[33]
Baron of Calder 14c 1975 James Andrew Douglas Sandilands, 15th Lord Torpichen, Baron of Calder[33]
The Baron of Cambusnethan 1315 1988 Terence Alvis of Lee, 23rd Baron of Cambusnethan[33] Previously was 33rd Baron of Lee; carried out major restoration to Lee Castle over a ten-year period before selling the castle E. Leslie Peter in 1987[58]
The Baron of Carmichael 14c 1981 Richard John Carmichael of Carmichael, 26th Baron of Carmichael, 30th Chief of Clan Carmichael[59][33] Seat: Carmichael
The Baron of Carnoustie 16c James Langan, Baron of Carnoustie[59][33]
The Baron of Carnwath 2015 Ranald Lockhart of the Lee, 27th of the Lee, Chief of Clan Lockhart, Baron of Carnwath, Braidwood, Walston, Dryden, Covington, Milntown, Westshield and Newholm Family has held land in Lanarkshire since the 12th century
Baron of Braidwood
Baron of Walston
Baron of Dryden
Baron of Covington
Baron of Milntown
Baron of Westshield
Baron of Newholm
The Baron of Carstairs 14c Christopher Busch Reisinger, Baron of Carstairs and Baldoon[33]
Baron of Baldoon 15c
The Baron of Cartsburn 1669 2010 Pier Felice degli Uberti, 15th Baron of Cartsburn[60][33] President of the International Commission for Orders of Chivalry
Baron of Castlehill 1411 2018 Simon Fraser, 16th Lord Lovat[33]
Baron of Caskieben 16c 1985 Sir Thomas Alexander Johnston of Caskieben, 14th Baronet, Baron of Caskieben[33]
The Baron of Castle Stewart 1638 2020 Charles Edward Stewart of Calruchie, Baron of Castle Stewart[33]
The Baron of Cavers 16c 2004 Andre Douglas Nathaniel-Rock, Baron of Cavers[33]
The Baron of Chirnside
The Baron of Clackmannan 1334 2005 Martin, Lord O'Neill of Clackmannan[33] Died 2020.[61] In 2005 joined House of Lords as a life peer, also acquired hereditary baronage title to pass down[citation needed]
The Baron of Cleghorn 15c Count Andrew Macmillan of Cleghorn, Baron of Cleghorn[33] Died 2014.[62] He was a Scottish Baron, Portuguese Count & Serbian knight.[63]
The Baron of Clerkington[64] 1369 George Everly, Baron of Clerkington[33]
The Baron of Closeburn 15c Luis Kirkpatrick, Baron of Closeburn[33]
The Baron of Clugstoun 1471
The Baron of Cluny 16c 2010 Cosmo Linzee Gordon of Cluny, Baron of Cluny[33] Seat: Cluny Castle[65]
The Baron of Cluny 17c 1997 Stuart Gordon Crane of Cluny, Baron of Cluny[33]
The Baron of Cockenzie 16c Robert Garrison of Cockenzie, Baron of Cockenzie[66][33] Brother of the late David Garrison, Baron of Tranent (appointed Baron-Ballie)[67]
The Baron of Coigach[68] 1511 2011 Christopher Devonshire-Ellis, Baron of Coigach[33]
The Baron of Coldingknows 1634 2002 Mark John Harden, Baron of Coldingknows[33] Also known as "Cowdenknowes"[33]
The Baron of Elphinstone 15c 1988 Bailey Ross McCune[69]
The Baron of Colstoun 17c Ludovic Davis Broun-Lindsay, Barony of Colstoun[33] Seat: Colstoun House. 2000 acre estate, ancestral home goes back 900 years.[70]
The Baron of Corrachree 16c Alexander Richard Barlas of Corrachree, Baron of Corrachree[33]
The Baron of Corstorphine 1431 2005 Michael John Milne, 34th Baron of Corstorphine[33]
The Baron of Coupar[71] 1606 2024 Edward Kirby Rutledge, Baron of Coupar[33]
The Baron of Cowie (Aberdeen)
The Baron of Cowie (stirling) 12c 2020 Alan Dennis, Baron of Cowie[33] [72]
Baron of Coxton 1686 2010 Sir Alastair Charles Deverell Innes of Coxton, 13th Baronet[73]
The Baron of Craighall 2002 Roger Alexander Lindsay, Baron of Craighall[33] Died 2023.[74] Lord Lyon letters patent had very large Baron of Craighall recognition[75]
The Baron of Craigie 1666 2011 Robert Owen Thomas, Baron of Craigie[76][33]
Baron of Craigievar 16c 2023 Sir Sir John Alexander Cumnock Forbes of Craigievar, 14th Baronet[33]
The Baron of Craigmillar 1511 2009 Brian Lawrence Williamson, Baron of Craigmillar[33] Appointed to the Order of Saint Lazarus[77]
The Baron of Cranshaws 15c 2016 Richard Garcia-Bosch-de Morales-de Sola, Baron of Cranshaws[33]
The Baron of Crawfordjohn 13c 2003 Travis K Svensson, Baron of Crawfordjohn[33]
The Baron of Crichton 15c Henry Burn-Callander, Baron of Crichton[33]
The Baron of Crimond 16c Raymond Alexander Carnegie of Crimond, Baron of Crimond[33] Died 1999[citation needed]
The Baron of Cromar extinct
The Baron of Cromarty 17c John Bartholomew Wakelyn Nightingale, Baron of Cromarty[33]
The Baron of Crommey 18c 1978 Michael Thomas Innes, Baron of Crommey[78][33]
The Baron of Culbin 16c William Busch Reisinger, Baron of Culbin[33]
The Baron of Culcreuch c. 1472
The Baron of Cushnie 15c 2004 Alan Trantor Robertson, Baron of Cushnie[33] Previous baron was knight of Malta: David Gordon Allen d'Aldecamb Lumsden, Baron of Cushnie
The Baron of Dairsie 18c Christopher Bentham Ruffle, Baron of Dairsie[33]
The Baron of Dalziel
The Baron of Danira and Comrie
The Baron of Delvine 15c 2008 Lars Lindberg, Baron of Delvine[33]
The Baron of Denboig 1657 Kenneth Lee MacLean of Denboig, 14th Baron of Denboig[33]
The Baron of Denny 16c 2011 Alessandro Assuero Egidio Umberto Pompili, Baron of Denny[79][33]
Baron of Fullarton 2020
The Baron of Dinnet 14c James Malcolm Marcus Humphrey, Baron of Dinnet[33]
Baron of Dirleton 1220 2000 Camilo Agasim-Pereira, Baron of Fulwood and Dirleton[33]
The Baron of Dolphinstoun c. 1700 2000 Julian Gawain Clifford Wills, Baron of Dolphinstoun[80][33]
The Baron of Dowart 1496 2017 John Robert Kennedy, Baron of Dowart[33]
The Baron of Drum 1323 2019 Alexander Irvine of Drum, 27th Laird and Baron of Drum, Chief of the Name[81][33]
Baron of Drylaw
Baron of Duart and Morvern 1631 1990 Sir Lachlan Hector Charles MacLean of Duart and Morvern, 12th Baronet, 28th chief of Clan Maclean, Baron of Duart and Morvern[33]
The Baron of Dudhope[82] 1542
The Baron of Dun 1382 dormant Barony held by National Trust for Scotland[citation needed]
Baron of Dunconnel 1400 1996 Sir Charles Edward MacLean of Dunconnel, 2nd Baronet[83][33]
The Baron of Duncrub 17c 2004 Douglas Henry Smith of Duncrub, Baron of Duncrub[84][33]
The Baron of Dunure 16c 1997 Brendan Roy Clouston of Dunure[85][33]
The Baron of Earlshall 15c Paul Veenhuizen, Baron of Earlshall[33]
The Baron of Easter Gordon 2007 Michel André Denis Morange, Baron of Easter Gordon[86]
The Baron of Echlin 18c 2002 Rainer Alexander Leonard Mackenzie Kensy, Baron of Echlin[87][33] German banker, known as Baron Rainer Kensy von Echlin [88][better source needed]
The Baron of Edingight 16c 2020 John Berowald Innes of Edingight, Baron of Edingight[89][33] Son of Sir Malcolm Innes of Edingight, and grandson of Sir Thomas Innes of Learney, the previous Lord Lyons
The Baron of Elie and St Monans 15c 2019 Mans Nicklas Lidgren, Baron of Elie[33] and St Monans
The Baron of Entwistle 1212 Andrew Sharples[33]
The Baron of Esslemont 16c 1976 Charles Iain Robert Wolrige Gordon, Baron of Esslemont[90][33] Sovereign Grand Commander and Grand master mason of The Supreme Council of the Grand Lodge of Scotland:[91][92]
The Baron of Ethie 1978 Alistair Charles William Forsyth of that Ilk, Baron of Ethie, Chief of the Name and Arms of Forsyth[93] Seat: Ethie Castle (restored by current chief)
Baron of Eyemouth 18c 2004 James Spencer-Churchill, 12th Duke of Marlborough[33]
The Baron of Fetternear 17c 2001 Martin Edward Thacker, Baron of Fetternear[94][33]
The Baron of Fingalton 1663 2017 James Brockington Hawley, Baron of Fingalton[33]
The Baron of Finlaystone Maxwell 17c 2002 Nicholas Frederic Papanicolaou, Baron of Finlaystone Maxwell[95][33] Grand Master of several chivilary orders[96]
The Baron of Finzean 17c 2020 Donald Farquharson, Baron of Finzean[33] Father was Sir Angus Farquharson of Finzean, mother was Lady Finzean (in her own right). Owns Finzean Estate 10,000 acres including 40 properties and seven very long-term tenanted farms in rural north-east Scotland[97]
The Baron of Fithie
The Baron of Fordell 1511
The Baron of Freuch 1559
The Baron of Gala 16c 1997 John Philip Henry Schomberg Scott of Gala, 13th Baron of Gala[98][33]
The Baron of Garrallan 14c John Robert Douglas Boswell, Baron of Garrallan[33]
The Baron of Garthland c. 1637
The Baron of Gartly 15c 1996 David Charles James, Baron of Gartly[33]
The Baron of Gartmore 15c 1996 William Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham, Baron of Gartmore[33]
The Baron of Giffen 1371 1987 Ryan Montgomery, Baron of Giffen, Trearne, Ramshead and Stane[33]
Baron of Trearne
Baron of Ramshead
Baron of Stane
The Baron of Gilmerton 1667 2020 Alvise Figà Talamanca, Baron of Gilmerton[33]
The Baron of Glasserton 1542
The Baron of Glencoe
The Baron of Glendowachy
The Baron of Gleneagles 1985 Martin Haldane of Gleneagles, 26th Baron of Gleneagles, Chief of Clan Haldane[99]
The Baron of Glenfaier
The Baron of Glenfalloch 14c Norman Ross, Baron of Glenfalloch[33]
The Baron of Glengarnock [100][101]
The Baron of Glenluce c. 1628 Oon Daniel, Baron of Glenluce[33]
The Baron of Glentirian Harold Jan Haroldson[33]
The Baron of Gogar 16c 2015 Godfrey Devlin of Gogar, Baron of Gogar[102][33]
The Baron of Gourdie 16c George Alastair Smyth Cox, Baron of Gourdie[33]
The Baron of Gourock 18c 2011 Claire Nicola Darroch-Thompson, 9th Baroness of Gourock, Chief of Clan Darroch[103][33]
The Baron of Grandhome 17c William of Grandholme, 10th Baron of Grandhome[104]
The Baron of Grantully 15c Henry Steuart Fothringham, Baron of Grantully[33]
Baron of Greenlaw 1451 2005
The Baron of Greenan 16c 2004 Hope Busch Cobera, Baroness of Greenan and Clary[105][33]
Baron of Clary 17c
The Baron of Greenock 18c Harry Olof Sandberg, Baron of Greenock[33]
The Baroness of Grougar 1321 Lianne Jennifer McLean, Baroness of Grougar[33] Duke of Portland disponed the title in 1918 to David McLean.[citation needed] In 2015 he assigned it to his daughter (current baroness) on the occasion of her wedding.[attribution needed]
The Baron of Haliburton and Lambden 1451 2023 Tomas Rohan, Baron of Haliburton and Lambden[33]
Baron of Hallrule 16c Olivier Fuchs, Baron of Cockburn, Hallrule, Over Liberton, and Buncle and Preston[33]
The Baron of Buncle and Preston 14c 2009
The Baron of Over Liberton
The Baron of Haddington 16c 2021 Jacques Sluysmans, Baron of Haddington[33]
The Baron of Hartsyde 1345 Jean-Guy Philip Boisserolles de Saint-Julien, 20th Baron of Hartsyde[106][33]
The Baron of Herbertshire 1523 2018 John William Templeton Moffat, Baron of Herbertshire[33]
The Baron of Horsbrugh 15c 1995 Michael John Baylis Chenery, Baron of Horsbrugh[107][33]
The Baron of Houston c. 1296 2016 Johnny Sei Hoe Hon, Baron of Houston[33]
The Baron of Inchdrewer 16c 2014 Olga Roh, Baroness of Inchdrewer[108][33]
The Baron of Insch 1528 2006 Robert James Inglis, Baron of Insch[109]
The Baron of Invermessan 1566
The Baron of Inneryne 10c 1998 Ronald Busch Reisinger, Baron of Inneryne[110][33]
The Baron of Innes 17c 2004 James Wilson Mitchell, Baron of Innes[33]
The Baron of Inverallochy Jose Ramon Velez, Baron of Inverallochy[33]
The Baron of Invercauld and Omnalprie 2021 Philip Farquharson of Invercauld, 17th Baron of Invercauld and Omnalprie, Chief of the Name and Arms of Farquharson[111]
The Baron of Jedburgh Forest 1602 2016 Richard Bruce Bernadotte Miller, Baron of Jedburgh Forest[33]
The Baron of Keith Marischal 1150 2025 Sven Olof Erik Almqvist, Baron of Keith Marischal[33]
The Baron of Kellie 1619 2020 Henry Hopkins Livingston, Baron of Kellie[33]
The Baron of Kelly 2004 Bruce Wayne Kneller, Baron of Kelly[33]
The Baron of Kemnay 1978 Susan Lettita Burnett, 9th Baroness of Kemnay[112][33]
The Baron of Kerse 2013 Valerio Papajorgji, Baron of Kerse[113]
The Baron of Kersland
The Baron of Kilbirnie 1600 2024 Ian James Young, Baron of Kilbirnie[33]
The Baron of Kilcoy 16c Thomas Ian Robinson[33] Seat: Kilcoy Castle
The Baron of Kilduthie 1966 James Comyn Amherst Burnett of Leys, Baron of Kilduthie,[114] Chief of Clan Burnett
The Baron of Kilmichael 1541 Brooke Owen-Thomas, Baroness of Kilmichael,[33] Kilmun and Innerwick[33] Previous Baron of Innerwick was Victor Cowley of Crowhill (1918–2008).
Baron of Kilmun
Baron of Innerwick 15c 2021
The Baron of Kilmaurs
The Baron of Kilpunt 2007 Morag Pauline Cadzow, Baroness of Kilpunt[33]
The Baron of Kilravock 1293 2012 David Rose, 26th Baron,[33] Chief of Clan Rose
The Baron of Kinblathmond
The Baroness of Kincaid 15c Heather Veronica Kincaid, Baroness of Kincaid[33]
The Baron of Kincraig 16c James Gourlay, Baron of Kincraig[115][33] Died 2008.[116]
The Baron of Kinedar
The Baron of Kinnaber
The Baron of Kinnairdy 17c 1990 Colin William Innes of Kinnairdy, Baron of Kinnairdy[117] Seat: Kinnairdy Castle, son of Sir Malcolm Innes, 16th Baron of Edingight, former Lord Lyon
The Baron of Kinnear 16c 1993 Michael Pilette of Kinnear, Baron of Kinnear[33]
The Baron of Kinross Seat: Kinross House Estate
The Baroness of Kippenross 16c Susan Stirling-Aird, Baroness of Kippenross[33]
The Baron of Kirkbuddo 1463 2011 Jean-Yves de Sainte-Croix de La Sabliere, Baron of Kirkbuddo[118][33]
The Baron of Kirkdale 15c 2004 David Hannay of Kirkdale and of that Ilk, 16th Baron of Kirkdale, Chief of Clan Hannay[119]
The Baron of Kirkgunzeon
The Baron of Kirkliston 1618 2002 Andrew Leslie Olgierd Jarosz, Baron of Kirkliston[120][33]
The Baron of Kirriemuir 1390 2014 Gerhard Clark Gordon Anderson, Baron of Kirriemuir[33]
The Baron of Kirknewton 17c 1992 Diana Diana Theodora Adair Hargreaves, Baroness of Kirknewton[120][33]
The Baron of Kirkton 17c James Christopher Stevenson-Hamilton, Baron of Kirkton and Kirkstyle[121][33]
Burgh of Barony of Kirkstyle
The Baron of Krawfort 1576
The Baron of Lag 1685 2004 Margaret Hamilton, Baroness of Lag[33]
The Baron of Lamberton c. 1236 [122]
The Baron of Lamden Lance Bernadotte Miller, Baron of Lamden[33]
The Baron of Lamington Ivan Kugener, Baron of Lamington[33]
The Baron of Largo 17c 2011 Timothy Michael Herbert Fawcett Wood, Baron of Largo,[33] hereditary Chief of Clan Wood[123]
The Baron of Lathallan 17c 1995 Jean Alison Spens, 23rd Baroness of Lathallan[124][33]
The Baron of Lee 1272 2004 Addison McElroy Fischer, 35th Baron of Lee[125][33] Seat: Lee Castle
The Baron of Lenzie 1170 extinct
The Baron of Lescure 15c Ross McPherson-Smith, Baron of Lescure[33]
The Baron of Leslie (Aberdeenshire) 16c 2019 John Andrea, Baron of Leslie[33] Seat: Leslie Castle
The Baron of Lesmahagow
The Baron of Lethendy 17c Charles Campbell Gairdner, Baron of Lethendy[33]
The Baron of Lethington c. 1166
The Baron of Lintrathen 2023 Titus Brown, Baron of Lintrathen[126]
The Baron of Little Pert
The Baron of Lochfergus 16c Albert Edward Gazeley, Baron of Lochfergus[127][33]
Baron of Locherwart 1996 John Borthwick of that Ilk, 24th Lord Bothwick, Chief of the Name and Arms of Borthwick, Baron of Heriotmuir[128] and Locherwart,[33]DL
Baron of Heriotmuir
The Baron of Loch Mullion c. 1700 2000 William Steven Anderson, Baron of Loch Mullion[33]
The Baron of Lochnaw 1699 2004 Gordon Stanley Clifford Park Wills Prestoungrange, Baron of Lochnaw,[33] MBE[129] Formerly of Prestoungrange[130]
The Baron of Lochrounell c. 1630
The Baron of Logany c. 1576 2000 Hunter Alex Prater, Baron of Logany[33]
The Baron of Logie Barony also known as "Lexyn".[attribution needed]
The Baron of Logiealmond 2019 Sheila May Flavell, Baroness of Logiealmond[33] Seat: Logiealmond Estate
The Baron of Loncastell c. 1551
The Baron of Loudoun 12c 2017 Ronald Glen Schneller, Baron of Loudoun[33]
The Baron of Lour 1654
The Baron of Lundie 1489 2017 Craig Edward Ward, Baron of Lundie[33]
The Baron of Marchmont 17c 1996 Roland Eugen Staehli, Baron of Marchmont[33]
Baron of MacDonald 17c 1958 Sir Ian Bosville-Macdonald of Sleat, 17th Baronet, 25th Chief of MacDonald of Sleat

[131]

The Baron of MacDougall 1660 2006 George Dougall, Baron of MacDougall[33]
The Baron of MacDuff 1039 2021 Eric Cotton Dexter, Baron of MacDuff[33]
The Baron of McAuslane of Caldenocht c. 1395
The Baron of Martyn-Kennedy alias Frethrid c. 1541
The Baron of Mearns 12c 2002 David Leslie Thorpe of Mearns, Baron of Mearns[132][33]
The Baron of Meigle and Fullerton 1165 2013 Sabine Ranke-Heinemann, Baroness of Meigle and Fullerton[33]
The Baron of Melfort 1360 1960 Hugh Campbell-Gibson, Baron of Melfort[33]
The Baron of Melgund
The Baron of Melville 2016 Oleg Bukin, Baron of Melville
The Baron of Menie 1317 1995 Michael Woodley of Menie, 28th Baron of Menie[33]
The Baron of Menzies 1510 2023 Robert Menzies of that Ilk, The Menzies, Chief of Clan Menzies, Baron of Menzies
The Baron of Mertoun 1504
The Baron of Midmar 16c Richard Farrington Wharton of Midmar, Baron of Midmar[33] Seat: Inverurie castle
The Baron of Miltonhaven 1695 2017 Dorothy Newlands of Lauriston, Baroness of Miltonhaven[33] Known as Lauriston until 1692.[133]
The Baron of Mochrum c. 1472
The Baron of Moncreiffe 1248 2001 Peregrine Moncrieffe of that Ilk, Chief of the Name and Arms of Moncrieffe, 21st Laird of Moncrieffe, Baron of Moncrieffe and Easter Moncrieffe[134] Second son of Sir Iain Moncreiffe of that Ilk, 11th Baronet and Diana Hay, 23rd Countess of Erroll. He is also the younger brother of Sir Merlin Hay, 12th Baronet Moncreiffe, 24th Earl of Erroll and Chief of Clan Hay
Baron of Easter Moncreiffe
The Baron of Montgomeriestoun c. 1636
The Baron of Mordington 1124 1998 Graham Senior-Milne, 41st Baron of Mordington[33]
The Baron of Mouswald 1452
The Baron of Moy 17c 1972 Lorne Gillean Iain MacLaine, Baron of Moy,[33] 26th hereditary chief of Clan Maclaine of Lochbuie, The Machlaine of Lochuie
The Baron of Mugdock 1458 Luciano Silighini Garagnani Lambertini[33]
The Baron of Muirton 1532 Richard Bruce Culbert[33]
The Baron of Mullion 1446 Faith Seale,[33] KC
The Baron of Mureth c. 1514
The Baron of Myrton c. 1470 2004 Mark Watson-Gandy of Myrton, Baron of Myrton[135][33]
The Baron of Newabbay 2011 Michael Robert Young of Newabbay, Baron of Newabbay[136]
The Baron of Newton 1685 2011 Philip David Pickering, 13th Baron of Newton[33]
The Baron of Niddrie-Marischal[137] 1672[137]
The Baron of Ochtercoull James Malcolm Marcus Humphrey, Baron of Ochtercoull[138]
The Baron of Old Montrose
The Baron of Ormiston 1637 2003 Brian Douglas Parsons, Baron of Ormiston and Robertland[33]
Baron of Robertland 1539 2005
The Baron of Otterinverane 14c 2019 Sean Lambert Collin, Baron of Otterinverane[33]
Baron of Over Cowal James Robert Godfrey Devlin, Lord of Cowal, Baron of Over Cowal[139][33]
The Baron of Panbride
The Baron of Panmure
The Baron of Park 1563
The Baron of Paistoun 16c 2003 Robert Garrett Jackson of Paistoun, Baron of Paistoun[140][33]
Baron of Penicuik 16c 2002 Sir Robert Maxwell Clerk of Penicuik, 11th Baronet Appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Midlothian by Queen Elizabeth II[citation needed]
The Baron of Pentland 1316 2018 Christopher Andrew Saint Victor de Pinho, 29th Baron of Pentland and 37th Baron of Lochawe[141][33]
Baron of Lochawe
The Baron of Phantelane 1436 2010 David Norman Berkeley McCorquodale, Baron of Phantelane[142]
The Baron of Pitcaple 17c Christopher Hugo Niall Burges-Lumsden, Baron of Pitcaple[33] Died Feb 2024.[143] Seat: Pitcaple Castle
The Baron of Pitcruivie 15c 1996 Douglas Meager Wagland Wallace of Pitcruivie, Baron of Pitcruivie[144][33]
The Baron of Pitmilly 16c 1987 Peter John Gybbon-Monypenny, 30th Baron of Pitmilly[144][33]
The Baron of Plean 16c 1985 George Alexander Way, Baron of Plean[145][33] Formerly Secretary to the Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs.[attribution needed]
The Baron of Plenderleith 1306 2007 Clifford Dewey Harmon, 31st Baron of Plenderleith[33]
The Baron of Pluscarden
The Baron of Portrie c. 1636
The Baron of Porterfield
The Baron of Portlethen 18c Maurice Charles Robert Taylor, Baron of Portlethen[33] Seat: Thornbury Castle
The Baron of Poltoun 1726 2009 Tyler Williamson Janovitz, Baron of Poltoun[146][33]
The Baron of Preston and Prestonpans 1460 Robert Ian Lin McLean, Baron of Preston[33]
The Baron of Prestonfield
The Baron of Prestoungrange 1189 2004 Mathew Jonathan Clifford Wills, 15th Baron of Prestoungrange[33]
The Baron of Primside and House Site
The Baron of Quhithorne c. 1569 Barony also known as "Whithorn".[citation needed]
The Baron of Rachane 17c 2006 Michael Aquino, Baron of Rachane[147][33]
The Baron of Rannoch 1502 2012 Alexander Holmes Bertea, Baron of Rannoch[33]
The Baron of Rattray 16c James Silvester Rattray, 28th Chief of the Name and Arms of Rattray, Baron of that Ilk[148][149] Died in 1999.[150]
The Baron of Ravenstone 15c 1983 Frank Andrew Renwick, Baron of Ravenstone[151][33]
The Baron of Redcastle 15c 2016 Janet Wendy Beale, 19th Baroness of Redcastle[33]
The Baron of Remistoun c. 1540
Baron of Renfrew 1398 2022 Prince William, Duke of Rothesay
The Baron of Rescobie
The Baron of Restalrig
The Baron of Roberton 16c 2020 Julia Pell Livingston, Baroness of Roberton[33]
The Baron of Rossie 17c John Philip Oliphant of Rossie, Baron of Rossie[33]
The Baron of Ruchlaw 16c [152][153] Ronald Macduff Urquhart, Baron of Ruchlaw[154][33]
The Baron of Rusco 17c Robert Graham Carson, Baron of Rusco[33] Died 2006:[155] Seat: Rusco Castle.
The Baron of Saint Monance 1596 2014 Robert Parviz Pirooz, Baron of Saint Monance[33] Barony also known as "Monans".[citation needed]
The Baron of Sauchie 1320 Henri Olof Niklas Wallenberg, Baron of Sauchie[33]
The Baron of Saulset c. 1629 Barony also known as "Saulsait".[citation needed]
The Baron of Seabegs 15c George Burden, Baron of Seabegs[33]
The Baron of Seggieden Trond Hegle, Baron of Seggieden[33]
The Baron of Skeane 1317

[156]

2016 Dugald Skene of Skene, Baron of Skene, Chief of the Name and Arms of Skene, also 11th of Piltout and 15th of Hallyards
Baron of Hallyards
The Baron of Smeaton Hepburn 15c
The Baron of Stobo 1577 William Jolly, Baron of Stobo[33]
The Baron of Stonehaven Fraser Angus Oliver Mearns, Baron of Stonehaven[33]
The Baron of Stoneywood 15c Charles Henry Francis Mack, Baron of Stoneywood[157][33]
The Baron of Strathlachlan Euan MacLachlan of Maclachlan, 25th Baron of Strathlachlan,[158][33] Chief of Clan Maclachlan Seat: New Castle Lachlan
The Baron of Strichen 1514 2014 Massimiliano Fraser Muzzi of Strichen, Baron of Strichen[33]
The Baron of Struan 16c 1983 Alexander Gilbert Haldane Robertson, Baron of Struan[33]
The Baron of Swinton 1098 James Christopher Swinton, Baron of Swinton[33]
The Baron of Tarbert
The Baron of Teallach 17c Dennistoun Gordon Teall, Baron of Teallach[33]
The Baron of Thainstone 1488 David Valentine, Baron of Thainstone[33]
The Baron of Thankerton
The Baron of Torboll 1360 extinct
The Baron of Tranent 16c Alan Neil Kippax, Baron of Tranent[159]
The Baron of Traquair 1491 1990 Catherine Margaret Mary Maxwell-Stuart, Baroness of Traquair[160][33] Seat: Traquair House
The Baron of Troup
The Baron of Tulloch 1678 David Willien 19th Earl of Erroll, 17th Baron of Tulloch[161][33]
The Baron of Turriff[162][163] 1592[163]
The Baron of Twynehame 15c 1992 Daniel Paul Stephen Sharpe, Baron of Twynehame[164][33]
The Baron of Urquhart 1587 Robert A. Cromartie of Urquhart-on-Spey, Baron of Urquhart[33]
The Baron of Waughton 1999 Geoffrey Boot, Baron of Waughton
The Baron of Wedderburn 1413 Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas granted the barony to David Home post-Dunbar forfeiture.[165][166][irrelevant citation]
The Baron of Wells 17c Bryce Lee West, Baron of Wells[33]
The Baron of West Niddry 2006 Barony recorded in the Register of Sassines at Edinburgh.[167][better source needed]
The Baron of West Nisbet 2000 Robert Mark Andrew Nesbitt of that Ilk, Baron of West Nisbet,[168] Chief of Clan Nesbitt
The Baron of Winchburgh 15c 2021 Michael Lyons, Baron of Winchburgh[33]
The Baron of Wormiston 17c 1970 Michael Patrick Spens, Baron of Wormiston[169][33]
The Baron of Yair 1806
The Baron of Yeochrie 15c Richard Downing Jacoby Stuart, Baron of Yeochrie[170][33]

a: The creation date is the earliest known date for the barony and subject to revision.

b: C before the date is circa around this date of before. C after the date = century.

List of Lordships in the Baronage of Scotland

[edit]

The second degree of baronage nobility. If a Barony has been raised to a Lordship then it will not be listed with baronies on this page, see Lordship list:

Click here for a list of Lordships in the Baronage of Scotland

List of Earldoms in the Baronage of Scotland

[edit]

Earl is the third degree of baronage nobility, nobler than Baron (first) and Lord (second).

Click here for a list of Earldoms in the Baronage of Scotland

List of Marquisates and Dukedoms in the Baronage of Scotland

[edit]

Fourth and fifth degrees of baronage nobility, the noblest forms in the hierarchy.

Click here for a list of Marquisates and Dukedoms in the Baronage of Scotland

List of Lordships of Regality

[edit]

Higher dignities compared to baronage titles, erected in liberam regalitatem.

Click here for a list of Lordships of Regality

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Lord Clyde (1992). 1992 Lord Clyde's Dictum - Scottish Barony Title of Nobility and Title of Hounour - Law Lord's Legal Position. a barony falls into the class of noble as opposed to ignoble feus. That classification is discussed by Craig (Jus Feudale, I.x.16) and Bankton (II.iii.83). In Scotland the distinction was recognised between the greater barons and the lesser barons, the former acquiring such titles as Duke or Earl. It was at the earliest a territorial dignity as distinct from the later personal peerage. Thus when one was divested of an estate the TITLE OF HONOUR ceased (Bankton, IL.iii.84). In the feudal system, however, whether the dignity was that of a baron or of the greater dignity of an earldom, the feudal effects were the same (Erskine's Institute, I].iii.46).
  2. ^ The Baronage of Scotland by Sir Robert Douglas (1798), a foundational text on Scottish nobility, describes baronies as "titles of honour" conferred by the Crown with associated dignities
  3. ^ "1992 legal position, Lord Clyde, Spencer Thomas of Buquhollie v Newell: "A BARONY FALLS INTO A CLASS OF NOBLE"" (PDF). Court of the Lord Lyon. 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  4. ^ "Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000, 63 Baronies and other dignities and offices: "nothing in this Act affects the dignity of baron or any other dignity or office (whether or not of feudal origin)" "dignity" includes any quality or precedence associated with, and any heraldic privilege incidental to, a dignity" Dignity means noble quality and use of title as covered in the Scottish Law Commission Report that led to the act". UK Government Legislation Website. 16 June 2004. Retrieved 16 June 2004.
  5. ^ "Page3. Institutional Writer Bankton: "NOBLE fees, are those which conferred NOBILITY to persons vested in them; these were baronies and regalities; and anciently all nobility, in the modern states proceeded from such fees; thus the title of Baron included Duke, Marquis and Earl, as well as that of Lord. "" (PDF). Court of the Lord Lyon. 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  6. ^ "Lord Stair (Institutions, II.iii.45): "the dignity of a barony; which comprehendeth lordship, earldom, & c. all of which are but more NOBLE titles of a barony"" (PDF). Court of the Lord Lyon. 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  7. ^ "Page 31: "...the owner (can) claim ennoblement by the "nobilitating effect" of the "NOBLE quality" of the feudal title on which the land is held. The title of "Baron of So-and-So" or "Baroness of So-and-So" can be adopted... there is a right to relevant baronial additaments to the coat of arms. Baronial robes can be worn. The baron can, in theory, hold a baron's court, appoint a baron baillie to be judge, and exercise a minor civil and criminal jurisdiction."" (PDF). Scottish Law Commission Government Website. 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  8. ^ "page 20 "The discussion paper mentioned, BUT REJECTED, the possibility of allowing the "NOBLE aspects of the barony title" to lapse along with the abolition of the feudal relationship on which the ennoblement of the baron is based. It noted that the abolition of entitlement to the title "baron" was not a necessary part of feudal land reform and might well give rise to justifiable claims for compensation."" (PDF). Scottish Law Commission Government Website. 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  9. ^ "Explanatory Notes to Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 18 September 2024. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
  10. ^ "Abolition of the feudal system". Law Society of Scotland. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
  11. ^ "Page 9: "Proposition 31(iii) was that : All pertinents of land held on Barony titles, including any rights to salmon fishings and rights in respect of the NOBLE TITLE OF BARON, should continue to be transmissible with the title to the land"" (PDF). Scottish Law Commission Government Website. 16 June 2024. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  12. ^ Graham Senior-Milne, 41st Baron of Mordington (27 June 2005). "Scottish feudal baronies (feudal barons, feudal baron) including the oath of a knight". Archived from the original on 7 December 2016. Retrieved 2 January 2011.
  13. ^ Scotland, Society of Antiquaries of (1946). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Society.
  14. ^ Reid, Professor Kenneth (2003). The Abolition of Feudal Tenure in Scotland. Edinburgh: Tottel.
  15. ^ Innes of Learney, Thomas. Scots Heraldry (2nd ed.). p. 88.
  16. ^ "Age-old Scots property rights end". 28 November 2004. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
  17. ^ Parliament, Scottish. "Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act". www.opsi.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 21 July 2009. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
  18. ^ "Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 17 June 2025. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
  19. ^ "Report on Abolition of the Feudal System: Appendix A :12". www.scotland.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 19 November 2004. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
  20. ^ "Explanatory Notes to Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 22 December 2024. Retrieved 17 July 2025.
  21. ^ "Note issued with Warrant for Letters Patent from Lord Lyon King of Arms" (PDF). 30 April 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 September 2015. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
  22. ^ Re Notarial Instrument of the Earl of Galloway; Disposition; Warrant for Letters Patent, No.s 103, 104, 105, Palmyra Island Land Recordation, United States District Court for the District of Hawaii (D.C. Hawaii-Palmyra I. 2017).
  23. ^ a b "Titles and Usages". Scotsbarons.org. Archived from the original on 25 February 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  24. ^ "Scottish Feudal Baronies, Scottish and Irish Titles, Titles, Forms Of Address | Debrett's". Debretts.com. Archived from the original on 25 July 2013. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  25. ^ "Scottish feudal baronies (feudal barons, feudal baron) including the oath of a knight". Peerage.org. Archived from the original on 7 December 2016. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  26. ^ "Male Barons". Scotsbarons.org. Archived from the original on 25 February 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  27. ^ "female barons". The Convention of The Baronage of Scotland. 12 July 2024. Retrieved 12 July 2024.
  28. ^ An Observation is a printed notation in a passport to convey important information about the passport holder to officials."Guidance – Observations in Passports".
  29. ^ "Titles included in passports" (PDF). UK government website. p. 3.
  30. ^ "How to wear the kilt | Scottish Tartans Authority". Tartansauthority.com. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  31. ^ "Hereditary offices". Scotsbarons.org. Archived from the original on 26 February 2015. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  32. ^ Livingston of the Bachuil, yr., Niall (2006). The MacLeas or Livingstones and their Allodial Barony of the Bachuil (PDF). Baronage Press. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  33. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk "Debrett's - The Feudal Baronies of Scotland". Debrett's. Debrett's - London 1769. Retrieved 26 July 2025.
  34. ^ Kempe, Nick (22 November 2021). "The £23m sale of the Abergeldie Estate - the Royal Family should pay for their environmental damage". parkswatchscotland. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  35. ^ "Click here to view the tribute page for Kerry HAMER". funeral-notices.co.uk. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  36. ^ "Stephen Kerr Obituary (1944 - 2024) - Tulsa, OK - Tulsa World". Legacy.com. Retrieved 4 September 2024.
  37. ^ "Baron with blood of Pocahontas and Bruce leaves (pounds) 18m fortune to family". The Herald. 20 November 2004. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  38. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 187.
  39. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 570.
  40. ^ "Change of Name and/or Arms | The Gazette". www.thegazette.co.uk. Retrieved 18 June 2025.
  41. ^ "Page 4 - Abigail Busch Reisinger was infeft by her father Ronald Busch Reisinger of Inneryne" (PDF). Court of the Lord Lyon. 10 February 2006. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  42. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2369.
  43. ^ Kerr, Moira (9 December 2016). "Baron Bachuil to pass home after 1,500 years". The Herald Scotland. Retrieved 27 June 2025.
  44. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 231.
  45. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 238.
  46. ^ "Page B4 | Supplement 61962, 16 June 2017 | London Gazette | The Gazette". www.thegazette.co.uk. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  47. ^ a b "[A]ll erected, created and united in a whole and free barony called the barony of Balquhain" "Ratification in favour of Patrick Leslie of Balquhain". The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707. University of St Andrews. Retrieved 31 July 2025.
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  66. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 844.
  67. ^ "Coat of Arms". www.marcenaro.org. Retrieved 5 June 2025.
  68. ^ "The Barony of Coigach". The Barony of Coigach. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  69. ^ Bailey Bruce McCune listed in Burke's but he died in 2014 and the barony passed to his eldest son according to news reports "Debrett's - The Feudal Baronies of Scotland", Debrett's, Debrett's - London 1769, retrieved 26 July 2025 "Bailey Breuce McCune Obituary". Orange Country Register. Retrieved 27 July 2025.
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  81. ^ Listed as "Thomas Alexander" Younger of Drum in Burke's 2003 but father died 2018 according to news reports. Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2061. "IRVINE, David Charles". The Weekly Times (AU).
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  88. ^ "personal licence holders". runnymede.gov.uk. 22 September 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  89. ^ Listed as heir by Burke's 2003 but father died 2020 according to news reports. Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2060. "OBITUARY Sir Malcolm Rognvald Innes of Edingight". The Sunday Times. 25 September 2020.
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  98. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 1509.
  99. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 1722.
  100. ^ Burke's lists Jose Richardo Mulino Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 1572. while Debrett's lists Robert Scott MacGregor "Debrett's - The Feudal Baronies of Scotland". Debrett's. Debrett's - London 1769. Retrieved 27 July 2025.
  101. ^ "Change of Name and/or Arms Court of the Lord Lyon". The Gazette. Retrieved 29 June 2025.
  102. ^ "Devlin Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 29 June 2025. (subscription required)
  103. ^ Listed as heir by Burke's in 2003 but father had died by 2011 according to news reports. Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 1035. "Chieftains over the years". Inverclyde Council. 13 May 2019.
  104. ^ Burke's ed. 107 lists David Romer Paton of Grandhome as the 9th baron. He died in 2019 and the obituary mentions his son William as the heir ("Younger of Grandhome").Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 1630. "Obituary: David Paton, 9th Baron of Grandhome, business, arts and charity leader". The Scotsman. 28 February 2019.
  105. ^ "Cobera Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 23 July 2025. (subscription required)
  106. ^ "Boisserolles de Saint-Julien Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 29 June 2025. (subscription required)
  107. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 1965.
  108. ^ "Model Olga Roh to turn Inchdrewer Castle into home". The Scotsman. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2025.
  109. ^ "Inglis Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 30 June 2025. (subscription required)
  110. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2050.
  111. ^ Alwyne Arthur Compton Farquharson listed as baron in Burke's 2003, but he died 2021 according to news reports. According to Clan website the heir was his Great-Nephew Philip Farquharson of Invercauld Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 1395. "Thanksgiving Service: Captain Alwyne Compton Farquharson of Invercauld, MC". The Times. 16 November 2021. "Current & Past Chiefs". Clan Farquharson.
  112. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2127.
  113. ^ "Papajorgji Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 22 July 2025. (subscription required)
  114. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 592.
  115. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2168.
  116. ^ "GOURLAY--James, Baron of Kincraig on March 30, 2008, died aged 77". NY Times. 1 April 2008. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  117. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2188.
  118. ^ "de Sainte-Croix de la Sabliere Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 22 July 2025. (subscription required)
  119. ^ Listed as heir by Burke's in 2003 but father died 2004. Now listed as Chief; the Barony is likely to follow this title. Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 1766. "Ramsay Hannay". The Herald. 8 March 2004.
  120. ^ a b Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2198.
  121. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2201.
  122. ^ People of Medieval Scotland, Document 3/350/24
  123. ^ "Clan Wood Society - The personal Arms of our chief". Clan Wood Society. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
  124. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2242.
  125. ^ "Castle's new owner is computer expert". The Scotsman. 13 September 2004. Retrieved 25 June 2025.
  126. ^ "Brown Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 22 July 2025. (subscription required)
  127. ^ Burke's Landed Gentry Scotland. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2010. pp. 1460–61.
  128. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 439.
  129. ^ "Baron Courts : News - A Most Excellent Occasion at Buckingham Palace".
  130. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 54.
  131. ^ Debrett's lists the 15th Baronet, Sir Godfrey Bosville-Macdonald, who died in 1957. The current Chief is Sir Ian Bosville-Macdonald of Sleat "Change of Name and/or Arms". Gazette. Court of the Lord Lyon. Retrieved 28 July 2025. "Debrett's - The Feudal Baronies of Scotland". Debrett's. Debrett's - London 1769. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
  132. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2656.
  133. ^ "To which name the older barony of Lauriston was changed 1692": Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2256.
  134. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2734.
  135. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2848.
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  137. ^ a b [A]ll and whole the lands and barony of Niddrie-Marischal(...) "Ratification in favour of Sir John Wauchope of Niddrie-[Marischal]". The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707. University of St Andrews. Retrieved 3 August 2025.
  138. ^ Burke's Landed Gentry Scotland. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2010. p. 1462.
  139. ^ "Devlin Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 24 July 2025. (subscription required)
  140. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 3048.
  141. ^ "St Victor-de Pinho Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 26 July 2025. (subscription required)
  142. ^ "Debrett's - The Feudal Baronies of Scotland". Debrett's. Debrett's - London 1769. Retrieved 28 July 2025.. Full name cf. "whocanivotefor.co.uk". whocanivotefor.co.uk. Democracy Club. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
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  145. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 3149.
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  147. ^ "Aquino Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 26 July 2025. (subscription required)
  148. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 3281.
  149. ^ Debrett's lists Philip Arthur Cumyn, also deceased (1996): "Debrett's - The Feudal Baronies of Scotland". Debrett's. Debrett's - London 1769. Retrieved 28 July 2025. The barony may have been assigned outside the family according to news reports: "Lairdship for sale". The Times. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
  150. ^ "Death of clan chief". The Herald.
  151. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 3287.
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  156. ^ "Skene of Skene, Aberdeenshire, Scotland". humphrysfamilytree.com. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
  157. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 3754.
  158. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2517.
  159. ^ Debrett's lists Alan Neil Kippax as having acceded to the title in 2010: "Debrett's - The Feudal Baronies of Scotland". Debrett's. Debrett's - London 1769. Retrieved 28 July 2025., while Burke's 2003 lists David Lacey Garrison: Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 3927.
  160. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 3927.
  161. ^ "Willien Family Entry – Burke's Revised Families". Burke's Peerage. Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. Retrieved 26 July 2025. (subscription required)
  162. ^ "Edinburgh Advertiser Archives, Sep 7, 1798, p. 17". NewspaperArchive.com. Edinburgh Advertiser. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  163. ^ a b "Ratification of the burgh in barony of Turriff". The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707. University of St Andrews. Retrieved 2 August 2025.
  164. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 3967.
  165. ^ Douglas, Robert (1764). The Peerage of Scotland: Containing an Historical and Genealogical Account of the Nobility of That Kingdom, Collected from the Public Records, and Ancient Chartularies of This Nation, Illustrated with Copper-Plates. Edinburgh: R. Fleming. p. 444 – via University of Michigan Library Digital Collections.
  166. ^ Wedderburn, Alexander Dundas Ogilvy (1898). The Wedderburn Book: A History of the Wedderburns in the Counties of Berwick and Forfar, Designed During Three Centuries. [Scotland]: Printed for private circulation. p. xxv.
  167. ^ "Baron of West Niddry". Armorial Register. 29 June 2024. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  168. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 2875.
  169. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 4242.
  170. ^ Burke's Peerage (107th ed.). Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. 2003. p. 4268.

Further reading

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