Battle of Livno
| Operation Beta | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of World War II in Yugoslavia | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Italy Independent State of Croatia |  Yugoslav partisans | ||||||
The Battle of Livno is the name of several battles fought over the town of Livno during World War II, which changed hands between the Independent State of Croatia and Partisan forces several times.
Operation Beta
Operation Beta followed on the heels of Operation Alfa in which Italian forces retook Prozor from the Partisans. Ten Italian battalions and two Ustaše battalions took the city from the Partisans with neither side suffering many casualties.[1]
Battle for Livno (late 1942)
| Battle of Livno | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of World War II in Yugoslavia | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Independent State of Croatia 5th Ustaše Brigade | Yugoslav partisans 2nd Proletarian Division | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Rafael Boban | |||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 1,200 soldiers | 3,000 soldiers | ||||||
The defence of the city was led by Rafael Boban and elements of his Black Legion. The battle resulted in Boban's forces retreating from Livno. Approximately 100 Croatian soldiers and 74 Partisan soldiers were killed in the battle.[2]
Operation Ziethen
| Operation Ziethen | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of World War II in Yugoslavia | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Nazi Germany Independent State of Croatia | Yugoslav partisans | ||||||
- v
- t
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World War II in Yugoslavia
1941
- Axis invasion
- Bombing of Belgrade
- Bombing of Sarajevo
Uprisings
- Uprising in Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Sanski Most
- Eastern Herzegovina
- Drvar uprising
- Rogatica
- Olovo
- Uprising in Croatia
- Uprising in Serbia
- Bela Crkva
- Loznica
- Banja Koviljača
- Šabac
- Kruševac
- Mačva
- Uzice
- Kraljevo
- Trešnjica
- Novi Pazar
- Mihailovic
- Sjenica
- Uprising in Montenegro
1942
- Dražgoše
- Southeast Croatia
- Hydra
- Prijedor
- Nanos
- Trio
- Chetnik sabotage of Axis communication lines
- Montenegro
- Kozara
- Partisan Long March
- Kupres
- Livno
- Alfa
- Kopaonik
- Bihać
1943
- Case White
- Greenwood–Rootham
- Otto
- Fungus
- Hoathley 1
- Case Black
- Typical
- Zvornik
- Davidson
- Grčarice
- Turjak Castle
- Maclean
- Višegrad
- Bombing of Podgorica
- Bombing of Zadar
- Delphin
- Rogers
- Kugelblitz
- Kočevje
1944
- Maibaum
- Bombing of Belgrade
- Dafoe
- Lindsay
- Rösselsprung
- Andrijevica
- Halyard
- Ožbalt
- Ratweek
- Serbia
- Belgrade
- Niš
- Stracin–Kumanovo
- Vukov Klanac
- Bregalnitsa–Strumica
- Kosovo
- Syrmian Front
- Floxo
- Niš airspace incident
- Batina
- Knin
1945
- Trnovo
- Mostar
- Bombing of Zagreb
- Spring Awakening
- Transdanubian Hills
- Lika-Primorje
- Nagykanizsa-Körmend
- Sarajevo
- Lijevče Field
- Trieste
- Zelengora
- Poljana
- Odžak
Operation Ziethen was a German-Croatian military operation which sought to reestablish control over the Livno–Šuica–Duvno area.[3] The entire operation was a great success for the Axis forces. A mass grave containing over 1,000 bodies of people executed by the Partisans was subsequently discovered near Livno. The success of the operation resulted in over 1,000 volunteers from the area to join the Croatian forces.[3]
Notes
References
- Marijan, Davor, “Livno mora pasti”: borbe dijelova V. ustaškog stajaćeg zdruga s II. proleterskom divizijom za Livno u prosincu 1942. godine, Croatian Institute of History, 2008.
43°50′N 17°04′E / 43.833°N 17.067°E / 43.833; 17.067
