Battle of Trekkopjes
Trekkopjes
Battle of Trekkopjes (Namibia)
| Date | 26 April 1915 |
|---|---|
| Location | Trekkopjes, German Southwest Africa |
| Result | South African victory |
Germany
German Southwest Africa
South Africa
Maj. Hermann Ritter Col. P. C. B. Skinner2 field guns
9 armoured cars
14 wounded
13 captured[1]
34 wounded[1]
- v
- t
- e
South West Africa campaign
- Maritz rebellion
- Angola offensive
- Naulila
- Ovambo Uprising
- Sandfontein
- Kakamas
- Trekkopjes
- Otavi
The Battle of Trekkopjes on 26 April 1915[2] was a German assault on the South African held railway station of Trekkopjes during the South West Africa Campaign of World War I. The South African Major Skinner had been ordered to defend Trekkopjes, and came into contact with a German column advancing on the station. Skinner withdrew back into Trekkopjes and dug in his forces. The German attack was repulsed with the help of armoured cars, leaving the South Africans victorious. The Battle of Trekkopjes saw the last German offensive in German South West Africa leaving them on the defensive for the remainder of the campaign.
Background
After losing significant ground to the South Africans under Botha, the German army under Franke in German Southwest Africa began preparations to go on the offensive again. By mid April it was decided to attack the South African held railway station of Trekkopjes, and a German scout plane had gathered intelligence of the South African forces holding the station.[3]
Battle
At 5:45 A.M. the Germans appeared close to Trekkopjes and blew the rail line to the east of the camp in an attempt to prevent Allied reinforcements from arriving. By 7:40 the Germans began their attack on the Allied positions by shelling the encampment's tents with artillery. Since Colonel Skinner's men lacked artillery they were unable to respond to the German shelling, and waited until the Germans assaulted their position.
After five hours of fighting the South Africans forced the Germans to retreat by attacking their flanks with machine guns mounted in armoured cars.[4][5]
Aftermath
Though neither side suffered heavy casualties, the German defeat greatly demoralized Franke's men. For the rest of the campaign the Germans would stay on the defensive and were pushed further and further back until the main body finally surrendered a few months later after the Battle of Otavi.
Citations
- ^ a b Farwell 1986, p. 95.
- ^ Mumby, Frank Arthur; Hannay, David; Grahame-White, C. (1917). The Great World War (1917). London: Gresham Publishing. p. 79.
- ^ "Defending the Heimat: The Germans in South-West Africa and East Africa During the First World War". Brill’s Digital Library of World War I. doi:10.1163/2352-3786_dlws1_nij9789004166592_i_449_58. Retrieved 26 May 2022.
- ^ Burg & Purcell 2004, p. 59.
- ^ Dane, Edmund (1919). British campaigns in Africa and the Pacific, 1914-1918. London, New York: Hodder and Stoughton. p. 58.
References
- Burg, David F.; Purcell, L. Edward (2004). Almanac of World War I (illustrated ed.). University Press of Kentucky. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-8131-9087-7.
- Farwell, Byron (1986). The Great War in Africa, 1914–1918. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-30564-7.
22°17′35″S 15°06′11″E / 22.293°S 15.103°E / -22.293; 15.103
- Historicus Africanus, Der 1. Weltkrieg in Deutsch-Südwestafrika 1914/15, Volume 6, Aufgabe der Zentralregionen, Windhoek 2017, ISBN 978-99916-909-5-7
