Bongor Arabic
Arabic-based creole language spoken in Chad
| Bongor Arabic | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Chad |
Language family | Arabic-based creole
|
Early form | Turku Arabic |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | bong1302 |
Bongor Arabic is a Sudanese Arabic-based creole language that serves as a lingua franca in and around the town of Bongor, Chad.[1][2] It is a direct descendant of Turku Arabic, a former lingua franca of Chad.[2]
Main changes
These are some of the main distinctive features of Bongor Arabic:[3]
- long vowels are replaced by short stressed vowels.
- /x/ tends to be replaced by /k/.
- /f/ tends to be replaced by /p/.
- /ʕ/ is lost.
- no gender distinction.
- no definite article (al-/il-).
- no personal affixes on verbs.
- the root system typical to Arabic and other Semitic languages is no longer productive.
Vocabulary
| Bongor[2] | Origin[2] | English |
|---|---|---|
| žurnalíst | From French journaliste | journalist |
| zúska | From French jusqu'à | when; during |
| kalám | From Arabic كلام kalām | speech; to speak |
| wotír | From French voiture | car |
| úsum | From Arabic اسم ism | name |
| wáy | From Arabic واحد wāħid | one |
References
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Bongor Arabic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ^ a b c d Manfredi, Stefano; Lucas, Christopher (2019). Arabic and Contact-induced Change. Language Science Press. pp. 323–325. ISBN 9783961102518.
- ^ Lafkioui, Mena (2013). African Arabic: Approaches to Dialectology. Germany: De Gruyter. p. 162. ISBN 9783110292343.
- v
- t
- e
Arabic language
- Nabataean script
- Arabic script
- Ancient North Arabian
- Ancient South Arabian script
- Zabūr script
- Arabic numerals
- Eastern numerals
- Arabic Braille
- Algerian Braille
- Maltese Braille
- Diacritics
- i‘jām
- Tashkil
- Harakat
- Nunation (tanwin)
- Shaddah
- Hamza
- Dagger alif
- Maltese alphabet
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| Modern spoken |
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- Phonology
- ʾIʿrāb (case)
- Grammar
- Triliteral root
- Mater lectionis
- IPA
- Quranic Arabic Corpus
· Script
- Ajami script
- Diwani
- Hijazi script
- Jawi script
- Jeli Thuluth
- Kairouani
- Kufic
- Maghrebi
- Mashq
- Muhaqqaq
- Naskh (script)
- Nastaliq
- Rasm
- Ruqʿah script
- Shahmukhi
- Sini (script)
- Taliq script
- Tawqi
- Thuluth
- Arabic keyboard
- Arabic script in Unicode
- ISO/IEC 8859-6
- Windows-1256
- MS-DOS codepages
- MacArabic encoding
- Islam and Arabic language
- Italics indicate extinct languages
- Languages between parentheses are varieties of the language on their left.
Category
