Cẩm Phả

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City in Northeast, Vietnam
Cẩm Phả
Thành phố Cẩm Phả
City (Class-2)
Cẩm Phả City
Official seal of Cẩm Phả
Seal
Map
21°01′N 107°19′E / 21.017°N 107.317°E / 21.017; 107.317
Country Vietnam
RegionNortheast
ProvinceQuảng Ninh
FoundedFebruary 21, 2012
Government
 • Chairman of the People's CommitteeVũ Quyết Tiến
 • Chairman of the People's CouncilTrần Văn Hùng
 • SecretaryTrần Văn Hùng
Area
 • Total486.45 km2 (187.82 sq mi)
Elevation
70 m (230 ft)
Population
 (2019 census)
 • Total190,232
 • Density390/km2 (1,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+7 (UTC + 7)
ClimateCwa
WebsiteCẩm Phả City

Cẩm Phả (listenⓘ) is a city of Quảng Ninh Province in the north-east region of Vietnam. It is an important coal exporting port of Vietnam (UNCTAD: VNCPH).[1] As of 2019, the city had a population of 190,232.[2] The city covers an area of 486 km2. The city was promoted from Cẩm Phả District by February 2012.[3] Cẩm Phả was the site of one of the biggest coal mines in south of Asia which has been exploited for almost a century.[4] The coal mine featured on a special commemorative Vietnam stamp in March 1959.[5] Coal still forms the basis of Cẩm Phả's local economy, with other industries including quarrying, lime production, port, agriculture, forestry and fisheries.

The official town website claims several scenic and historical sites in Cẩm Phả, including the Cửa Ông Temple, Rều Island (Monkey Island), Thẻ Vàng Island, the Vũng Đục historical site, and Hang Hanh cave.[6]

History

In 1884, Cẩm Phả came under French administration. On 24 August 1886, Bavienpour established the coal company Công ty Pháp mỏ than Bắc Kỳ (French: Société Francais des Charbonneges du Ton Kin; SFCT). SFCT had the right to manage and exploit coal in the Hòn Gai, Cẩm Phả, and Mông Dương regions.[7]

On 27 September 1945, during the August Revolution, workers drove the French out of Cẩm Phả. The French troops returned in November 1946, but the inhabitants fought back, destroying the coal mines, and hundreds of people were killed. The last French soldier withdrew from Cửa Ông, near the Cẩm Phả area on 22 April 1955.[8]

During the Vietnam War, American aircraft bombed Cẩm Phả several times due to its strategic importance.[9]

On 30 October 1963, Cẩm Phả, formerly in Hồng Quảng province, came under the jurisdiction of Quảng Ninh province when Hải Ninh and Hồng Quảng provinces merged.[10]

On 10 September 1981, Cẩm Phả's boundaries were redistributed. The town of Mông Dương was dissolved to form Mông Dương ward and Cẩm Hải commune. Cửa Ông town became Cửa Ông ward. Cọc 6 town and Thái Bình commune became Cẩm Phú and Cẩm Thịnh wards.[11]

On 21 February 2012, Cẩm Phả was upgraded from a town to a city.[12][13]

Administrative divisions

The city contains 13 phường: Quang Hanh, Cẩm Thạch, Cẩm Thuỷ, Cẩm Trung, Cẩm Thành, Cẩm Tây, Cẩm Bình, Cẩm Đông, Cẩm Sơn, Cẩm Phú, Cẩm Thịnh, Cửa Ông, Mông Dương, and 3 communes: Dương Huy, Cộng Hoà, Cẩm Hải.

Danh sách các đơn vị hành chính trực thuộc thành phố Cẩm Phả[14]
Name Area (km²) Population
Ward (13)
Cẩm Bình 1,38 8.423
Cẩm Đông 6,95 10.483
Cẩm Phú 8,53 15.840
Cẩm Sơn 10,15 17.079
Cẩm Tây 4,88 7.426
Cẩm Thạch 4,31 12.999
Cẩm Thành 1,25 9.484
Cẩm Thịnh 5,87 9.759
Name Area (km²) Population
Cẩm Thủy 2,68 12.049
Cẩm Trung 5,07 14.744
Cửa Ông 10,96 17.008
Mông Dương 114,46 15.566
Quang Hanh 51,35 17.427
Commune (3)
Cẩm Hải 14,64 1.327
Cộng Hòa 50,88 3.184
Dương Huy 46,77 3.207

Port of Cẩm Phả

Though the port of Cẩm Phả has a general maximum draft of 4.8 metres, it has a separate coal loading terminal with a dredged depth of 6.1 metres and a channel depth of 7.1 metres.[15][16] This allows ships of up to 10 metres draft to load due to the tidal range in the port.[17] The coal loading terminal is 299 metres long, and can accommodate ships that are 165 metres in length, at an average loading rate of 6,000 tonnes per day.[1]

Environment

Coal mining in Cẩm Phả started over 100 years ago. Mining area discharges to the sea about 9 million m3 waste water and 8 million m3 domestic waste water. Another issue is deforestation, for example, from 1969 to 1974, about 42% of area of forest land was reduced.[18]

Climate

Climate data for Cẩm Phả (Cửa Ông)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 28.7
(83.7) 		29.8
(85.6) 		33.5
(92.3) 		34.6
(94.3) 		36.1
(97.0) 		37.4
(99.3) 		38.8
(101.8) 		36.9
(98.4) 		36.1
(97.0) 		34.8
(94.6) 		33.0
(91.4) 		29.6
(85.3) 		38.8
(101.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 18.8
(65.8) 		19.2
(66.6) 		21.9
(71.4) 		26.3
(79.3) 		30.6
(87.1) 		31.8
(89.2) 		32.1
(89.8) 		31.7
(89.1) 		30.9
(87.6) 		28.6
(83.5) 		25.2
(77.4) 		21.3
(70.3) 		26.5
(79.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 15.5
(59.9) 		16.3
(61.3) 		19.0
(66.2) 		23.0
(73.4) 		26.7
(80.1) 		28.2
(82.8) 		28.5
(83.3) 		27.8
(82.0) 		26.8
(80.2) 		24.6
(76.3) 		21.0
(69.8) 		17.3
(63.1) 		22.9
(73.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 13.4
(56.1) 		14.5
(58.1) 		17.1
(62.8) 		20.9
(69.6) 		24.2
(75.6) 		25.7
(78.3) 		25.9
(78.6) 		25.2
(77.4) 		24.2
(75.6) 		21.8
(71.2) 		18.4
(65.1) 		14.8
(58.6) 		20.5
(68.9)
Record low °C (°F) 3.8
(38.8) 		4.7
(40.5) 		6.0
(42.8) 		11.1
(52.0) 		16.8
(62.2) 		17.9
(64.2) 		20.9
(69.6) 		20.5
(68.9) 		16.6
(61.9) 		13.3
(55.9) 		8.2
(46.8) 		5.0
(41.0) 		3.8
(38.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 35.0
(1.38) 		29.1
(1.15) 		50.1
(1.97) 		92.6
(3.65) 		196.5
(7.74) 		312.1
(12.29) 		414.9
(16.33) 		504.8
(19.87) 		346.7
(13.65) 		156.3
(6.15) 		56.2
(2.21) 		22.4
(0.88) 		1,935.6
(76.20)
Average rainy days 8.4 11.4 14.8 11.8 12.0 15.3 16.7 18.6 13.7 8.9 6.0 5.8 143.3
Average relative humidity (%) 81.6 86.0 87.9 86.8 83.7 84.5 84.2 85.7 82.7 79.0 77.7 77.2 83.1
Mean monthly sunshine hours 63.4 46.7 37.6 81.8 158.8 153.5 177.0 161.2 164.3 165.0 139.6 99.1 1,448
Source: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology[19]

Sports

The V.League 1 football club Than Quảng Ninh is based in Cẩm Phả. The club uses both Cửa Ông and Cẩm Phả stadia for its matches.

Gallery

References

  1. ^ a b "Cẩm Phả Port Information". www.yicang.com. Yicang Port Database. Archived from the original on 2 February 2019. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
  2. ^ "Cẩm Phả (District-level City, Quảng Ninh, Vietnam) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 2024-02-07.
  3. ^ (in Vietnamese)Về việc thành lập thành phố Cẩm Phả thuộc tỉnh Quảng Ninh, Government Web Portal
  4. ^ T. H. Yellowdawn (2008). Fermented Foods: Naturally Enzymatic Therapy. p. 274: "Cẩm Phả is a town in Vietnam, where was the place of coal mine, the biggest coal industry in south of Asia has been exploited in almost a century, close to seashore of Ha Long Bay, where is the eighth wonderful scenery of thousand ..."
  5. ^ Cẩm Phả coal mine Archived 2013-11-02 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Cẩm Phả town website Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine 2/25/2011
  7. ^ MEDIATECH. "Di tích trụ sở Công ty Pháp mỏ than Bắc Kỳ". baoquangninh.com.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-03-22.
  8. ^ "Lịch sử - văn hoá - xã hội". CỔNG THÔNG TIN ĐIỆN TỬ TỈNH QUẢNG NINH (in Vietnamese). Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
  9. ^ Lloyd C. Gardner; Ted Gittinger (2004). The search for peace in Vietnam, 1964-1968 (1st ed.). College Station: Texas A & M University Press. ISBN 978-1-60344-650-1. OCLC 774384452.
  10. ^ "Nghị Quyết hợp nhất tỉnh Hải Ninh và khu Hồng Quảng và sáp nhập xã Hữu Sản thuộc huyện Đình Lập, tỉnh Hải Ninh, huyện Sơn Động, tỉnh Hà Bắc". thuvienphapluat.vn. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
  11. ^ "Quyết định 63-HĐBT phân vạch địa giới xã, phường thị trấn tỉnh Quảng Ninh". thuvienphapluat.vn. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
  12. ^ "Nghị quyết 04/NQ-CP thành lập thành phố Cẩm Phả tỉnh Quảng Ninh". thuvienphapluat.vn. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
  13. ^ "Thành phố Cẩm Phả: Lễ kỷ niệm 10 năm ngày thành lập". campha.gov.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 2022-03-22.
  14. ^ " Archived 2014-03-23 at the Wayback Machine, Danh sách đơn vị hành chính
  15. ^ "Port information - Cẩm Phả". Sea rates. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help)
  16. ^ "Port of Cẩm Phả - port information". www.port.sol.com.cn. China ports directory. Retrieved 15 June 2017.
  17. ^ Guide to port entry - Port of Cẩm Phả - Ship Masters report. London: IHS Fairplay. 1 January 2017.
  18. ^ Yuguang Guo, Tad S. Golosinski (1996). Mining Science and Technology: Proceedings of the '96 International Symposium on Mining Science and Technology. CRC Press. p. 266. ISBN 9789054108252.
  19. ^ "Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology" (PDF).
Places adjacent to Cẩm Phả
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Cities in Vietnam
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Districts of Northeast region of Vietnam
Bắc Giang province
Bắc Kạn province
Cao Bằng province
Hà Giang province
Lạng Sơn province
Phú Thọ province
Quảng Ninh province
Thái Nguyên province
Tuyên Quang province
※ denotes provincial seat.
  1. ^ "Địa giới hành chính thành phố Cẩm Phả". Cổng thông tin điện tử Chính phủ (in Vietnamese).