Chaul

Village in Maharashtra, India

18°32′46″N 72°55′38″E / 18.5461°N 72.9272°E / 18.5461; 72.9272Country

IndiaStateMaharashtraGovernment

• TypeGrampanchayatLanguages

• OfficialMarathiTime zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)

Chaul is a historic town located in the Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. The Korlai Fort is located nearby.

History

Many foreign writers have mentioned Chaul. Ptolemy in his Geography of India calls the town Symullla or Timulla.^[2]^[3] The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea mentions that it was a market south of Kalliena (Calliana).^[4] The Portuguese arrived at Chaul in 1505 and established a factory in 1516. The city was then looted by the troops of the Bijapur Sultanate in 1521, the Gujarat Sultanate in 1529 and finally passed to the Mughal Empire in 1600.^[4]

The town was famous for cotton manufactured goods in the 15th and 16th century, According to Varthema, Chaul was producing a lot of cotton stuffs. Even Portuguese explorer and writer Duarte Barbosa conceded the fame of Chaul for cotton materials.^[5]

The city went into the hands of the Maratha Empire in 1740, being ruled by the Angre family and then was conquered from them by the British EIC.^[4]

References

^ LT GEN K. J., SINGH. "As NDA cadet, I was witness to Vice Admiral Awati's kindness". ThePrint.In. Retrieved 7 November 2018.
^ Dalal, Kurush (11 October 2019). "Chaul: Maharashtra's Medieval Port". PeepulTree.
^ McCrindle, J.W. (1885). Ancient India: As Described by Ptolemy. Thacker, Spink, Calcutta.
^ ^a ^b ^c Parameswaran, Dr S. Pari (13 January 2023). ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL HISTORY: AN EAGLE'S VIEW FOR CIVIL SERVICES AND OTHER EXAMS. MJP Publisher. ISBN 978-93-5528-240-8.
^ Kumar, Raj (2008). Encyclopaedia of Untouchables Ancient, Medieval and Modern. Gyan Publishing House. p. 231. ISBN 978-81-7835-664-8.

External links

The Portuguese Fort of Chaul, India
Chaul, a historical port

Raigad district

Talukas

Electoral
constituencies

Lok Sabha	Raigad Maval
Vidhan Sabha	Panvel Karjat Uran Pen Alibag Shrivardhan Mahad

Cities and
towns

Villages

Portuguese Empire

North Africa

15th century

1415–1640	Ceuta
1458–1550	Alcácer Ceguer (El Qsar es Seghir)
1471–1550	Arzila (Asilah)
1471–1662	Tangier
1485–1550	Mazagan (El Jadida)
1487–16th century	Ouadane
1488–1541	Safim (Safi)
1489	Graciosa

16th century

1505–1541	Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Agadir)
1506–1525	Mogador (Essaouira)
1506–1525	Aguz (Souira Guedima)
1506–1769	Mazagan (El Jadida)
1513–1541	Azamor (Azemmour)
1515–1541	São João da Mamora (Mehdya)
1577–1589	Arzila (Asilah)

Sub-Saharan Africa

15th century

1455–1633	Arguim
1462–1975	Cape Verde
1470–1975	São Tomé¹
1471–1975	Príncipe¹
1474–1778	Annobón
1478–1778	Fernando Poo (Bioko)
1482–1637	Elmina (São Jorge da Mina)
1482–1642	Portuguese Gold Coast
1498–1540	Mascarene Islands

16th century

1500–1630	Malindi
1501–1975	Portuguese Mozambique
1502–1659	Saint Helena
1503–1698	Zanzibar
1505–1512	Quíloa (Kilwa)
1506–1511	Socotra
1508–1547²	Madagascar³
1557–1578	Accra
1575–1975	Portuguese Angola
1588–1974	Cacheu⁴
1593–1698	Mombassa (Mombasa)

17th century

1645–1888	Ziguinchor
1680–1961	São João Baptista de Ajudá, Benin
1687–1974	Bissau⁴

18th century

1728–1729	Mombassa (Mombasa)
1753–1975	Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe

19th century

1879–1974	Portuguese Guinea
1885–1974	Portuguese Congo⁵

¹ Part of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1753.
² Or 1600.
³ A factory (Anosy Region) and small temporary coastal bases.
⁴ Part of Portuguese Guinea from 1879.
⁵ Part of Portuguese Angola from the 1920s.

Middle East [Persian Gulf]

16th century

1506–1615	Gamru (Bandar Abbas)
1507–1643	Sohar
1515–1622	Hormuz (Ormus)
1515–1648	Quriyat
1515–?	Qalhat
1515–1650	Muscat
1515?–?	Barka
1515–1633?	Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah)
1521–1602	Bahrain (Muharraq • Manama)
1521–1529?	Qatif
1521?–1551?	Tarut Island
1550–1551	Qatif
1588–1648	Matrah

17th century

1620–?	Khor Fakkan
1621?–?	As Sib
1621–1622	Qeshm
1623–?	Khasab
1623–?	Libedia
1624–?	Kalba
1624–?	Madha
1624–1648	Dibba Al-Hisn
1624?–?	Bandar-e Kong

South Asia

15th century

1498–1545

Laccadive Islands
(Lakshadweep)

16th century
Portuguese India

• 1500–1663	Cochim (Kochi)
• 1501–1663	Cannanore (Kannur)
• 1502–1658 1659–1661	Quilon (Coulão / Kollam)
• 1502–1661	Pallipuram (Cochin de Cima)
• 1507–1657	Negapatam (Nagapatnam)
• 1510–1961	Goa
• 1512–1525 1750	Calicut (Kozhikode)
• 1518–1619	Portuguese Paliacate outpost (Pulicat)
• 1521–1740	Chaul

	(Portuguese India)
• 1523–1662	Mylapore
• 1528–1666	Chittagong (Porto Grande De Bengala)
• 1531–1571	Chaul
• 1531–1571	Chalé
• 1534–1601	Salsette Island
• 1534–1661	Bombay (Mumbai)
• 1535	Ponnani
• 1535–1739	Baçaím (Vasai-Virar)
• 1536–1662	Cranganore (Kodungallur)
• 1540–1612	Surat
• 1548–1658	Tuticorin (Thoothukudi)
• 1559–1961	Daman and Diu
• 1568–1659	Mangalore

	(Portuguese India)
• 1579–1632	Hugli
• 1598–1610	Masulipatnam (Machilipatnam)

1518–1521	Maldives
1518–1658	Portuguese Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
1558–1573	Maldives

17th century
Portuguese India

• 1687–1749

Mylapore

18th century
Portuguese India

• 1779–1954

Dadra and Nagar Haveli

East Asia and Oceania

16th century

1511–1641	Portuguese Malacca [Malaysia]
1512–1621	Maluku [Indonesia]
• 1522–1575	Ternate
• 1576–1605	Ambon
• 1578–1650	Tidore
1512–1665	Makassar [Indonesia]
1515–1859	Larantuka [Indonesia]
1557–1999	Macau [China]
1580–1586	Nagasaki [Japan]

17th century

1642–1975

Portuguese Timor (East Timor)¹

19th century
Portuguese Macau

• 1864–1999	Coloane
• 1851–1999	Taipa
• 1890–1999	Ilha Verde

20th century
Portuguese Macau

• 1938–1941

Lapa and Montanha (Hengqin)

¹ 1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent invasion by Indonesia. In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized.

North America & North Atlantic

15th century [Atlantic islands]

1420	Madeira
1432	Azores

16th century [Canada]

1500–1579?	Terra Nova (Newfoundland)
1500–1579?	Labrador
1516–1579?	Nova Scotia

South America & Caribbean

16th century

1500–1822	Brazil
• 1534–1549	Captaincy Colonies of Brazil
• 1549–1572	Brazil
• 1572–1578	Bahia
• 1572–1578	Rio de Janeiro
• 1578–1607	Brazil
• 1621–1815	Brazil
1536–1620	Barbados