Chhindwara

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City in Madhya Pradesh, India
22°04′N 78°56′E / 22.07°N 78.93°E / 22.07; 78.93Country IndiaStateMadhya PradeshDistrictChhindwaraGovernment
 • TypeMayor–Council • BodyChhindwara Municipal Corporation • MLAKamal Nath (Indian National Congress) • MPNakul Nath • MayorVikram AhakeyArea
[1]
 • Total110 km2 (40 sq mi)Elevation
675 m (2,215 ft)Population
 (2011)
 • Total175,052Languages
 • OfficialHindiTime zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)PIN
480001,480002,480003
Telephone code07162Vehicle registrationMP-28Sex ratio.966 ♂/♀Avg. high temperature32.7 °C (90.9 °F)Avg. low temperature18.0 °C (64.4 °F)Websitechhindwaranagarnigam.com chhindwara.nic.in

Chhindwara is a city in India and a Municipal Corporation in Chhindwara district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The city is the administrative headquarters of Chhindwara District. Chhindwara is reachable by rail or road from adjacent cities Betul, Jabalpur and Nagpur. The nearest airport is in Nagpur (130 km); however there is a small airport located in the city which is not serviceable for passenger planes.

History

It was believed that Chhindwara District was full of "Chhind" trees (wild date palms) many years ago, and the place was called "Chhind"-"Wada" (wada means place). Another story says that due to the population of lions (called "sinh" in Hindi), it was considered equivalent to entering the lions' den to enter this district. Hence, it was called "Sinh Dwara" (lit.'Lion Gate'). In course of time, it became "Chhindwara".

The Gole Gunj market of the city, with its two large gateways (known today as Kamania Gate), was built by Captain Montgomery, who administrated the district as a regent of Richard Jenkins (1818–1830). The municipality of Chhindwara was founded in 1867.

Geography

Chhindwara is one of the largest cities in the Satpura range and the largest district in terms of area in Madhya Pradesh. It is on a plateau, surrounded by lush green fields, rivers and by dense forest with diverse flora and fauna. The town is built around the Bodri Stream, a tributary with the Kulbehra River[2] & is the origin source of Pench River which flows across Pench National Park which includes Pench Tiger Reserve, which is one of the reserve for the Tiger Project of India.

Climate

Climate data for Chhindwara (1981–2010, extremes 1908–2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 36.0
(96.8)
37.0
(98.6)
38.7
(101.7)
42.5
(108.5)
47.6
(117.7)
44.7
(112.5)
40.3
(104.5)
34.0
(93.2)
38.6
(101.5)
38.0
(100.4)
35.5
(95.9)
33.4
(92.1)
47.6
(117.7)
Mean maximum °C (°F) 29.0
(84.2)
31.4
(88.5)
36.0
(96.8)
40.6
(105.1)
42.9
(109.2)
41.7
(107.1)
34.5
(94.1)
30.7
(87.3)
32.4
(90.3)
33.3
(91.9)
31.0
(87.8)
29.5
(85.1)
40.8
(105.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 25.3
(77.5)
28.0
(82.4)
32.2
(90.0)
37.5
(99.5)
39.2
(102.6)
35.7
(96.3)
29.8
(85.6)
28.1
(82.6)
29.4
(84.9)
30.3
(86.5)
28.3
(82.9)
26.1
(79.0)
30.8
(87.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 8.8
(47.8)
11.4
(52.5)
15.4
(59.7)
20.9
(69.6)
24.3
(75.7)
23.4
(74.1)
21.8
(71.2)
21.3
(70.3)
20.7
(69.3)
16.7
(62.1)
12.1
(53.8)
8.7
(47.7)
17.1
(62.8)
Mean minimum °C (°F) 5.5
(41.9)
7.4
(45.3)
11.2
(52.2)
15.5
(59.9)
20.3
(68.5)
18.9
(66.0)
18.5
(65.3)
19.7
(67.5)
17.8
(64.0)
12.3
(54.1)
9.1
(48.4)
5.9
(42.6)
5.0
(41.0)
Record low °C (°F) 1.6
(34.9)
2.8
(37.0)
7.0
(44.6)
9.6
(49.3)
14.6
(58.3)
10.0
(50.0)
9.3
(48.7)
9.6
(49.3)
10.6
(51.1)
2.8
(37.0)
2.1
(35.8)
1.1
(34.0)
1.1
(34.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 10.6
(0.42)
18.4
(0.72)
17.9
(0.70)
7.3
(0.29)
13.0
(0.51)
147.3
(5.80)
265.2
(10.44)
229.2
(9.02)
171.2
(6.74)
42.0
(1.65)
19.7
(0.78)
4.6
(0.18)
946.2
(37.25)
Average rainy days 1.3 1.5 1.6 0.9 1.3 7.6 14.1 13.2 8.6 2.9 0.7 0.3 53.8
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) 45 41 37 33 35 53 72 75 73 62 50 47 52
Source: India Meteorological Department[3][4]

Demographics

As per 2011 census, Chhindwara urban agglomeration had a population of 190,008, out of which 97,040 were males and 92,968 were females. The literacy rate was 89.25 per cent with male literacy being 93.77% and female literacy being 84.54%.[5] Chhindwara urban agglomeration included Chhindwara (M), Khajari (OG), Khapabhat (OG), Kukadajagat (OG), Chandangaon (OG), Seoni Pranmoti (OG), Emaliya Bohata (OG) and Lonia Karbal (CT).

Religion in City of Chhindwara (2011)[6]

  Hinduism (81%)
  Islam (13%)
  Jainism (3.4%)
  Christianity (1.6%)
  Other or Not stated (1.0%)

[7][8]

Economy

Chhindwara is home to brands like Raymond's & Hindustan Unilever. The city has rich market areas such as Mansarover Complex, Fawwara Chowk, Nagpur Road, Gole Gunj & Gandhi Gunj. Looking the spending capability of the local population all major automobile brands have made their presence in the city. Apart from this Parasia area is known for its coal fields and majority of population in this region is associated with Western Coalfields Limited for their employment.

Industries

Coal Mines is run by Western coal fields limited (WCL) The city is home to old industries of pottery, leather moots and ornaments of zinc, brass and bell metal. On the outskirts, vegetables, especially potatoes, are raised in large quantities for export to nearby districts. The town, which is a center for local trade and a market for the sale of cattle, grain and timber, also contains a grain market near the railway station. Following are some recognizable industries that have contributed to the industrial development of Chhindwara:

CII at Chhindwara

The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) started its operation in August 2007 at Chhindwara with the opening of a secretariat at Madhuvan Colony. Initially, CII worked largely upon small agricultural conferences, "Kisan Goshthis" as the district is predominantly an agrarian economy. In September 2008 CII inaugurated first of its kind the National Center of Excellence for Skill Development catering to the need of skilled workforce for the Indian industry. Companies such as Punj Lloyd, JCB India Ltd. and Toyota Kirloskar Motors (TKM) are imparting training in trades.

Initially, Ambuja Cement and L&T ECC division started trades of masonry and bar bending respectively but had to wind up as the trades were not very well taken by the masses. However, Ambuja Cement has recently started a training center at Amarwara and L&T ECC is constantly picking up youth from the rural areas for training at their well-established centers at Chennai and Hyderabad. As of now, the CII's National Center of Excellence for Skill Development is operating out of WCL's Campus, Parmanand Rehabilitation Center at Chakkar Road near Satpuda Club. Some 600 trainees have been trained in trades such as welding and fitting by Punj Lloyd, backhoe loader operation by JCB and TTEP (a motor mechanic course) by TKM. CII has got ambitious plans about the CoE; in near future, the center will move to its own campus at Imlikhera where it will operate out of a 10 acres (40,000 m2) of premises with 20 acres (81,000 m2) extra completely devoted for driving. Companies such as CAT, Cummins, Mahindra & Mahindra and GMR will start their training here. The center is under the aegis of Mr. Kamalnath, the MP from Chhindwara and the Minister for Road Transport and Highways. The future is very bright for this unique center as it is helping the cause of the Indian government skill development program.

Driving School at Chhindwara

A joint venture IDTR. Under the 12th Plan was envisaged between Ministry of Road Transport and Highways and Ashok Leyland Ltd.[11] The stone laying for Ashok Leyland Institute for Driving Training & Research was done in the year 2010, in the hands of Shri. Kamal Nath. This was the first AL IDTR with hostel facility for students mainly aiming to produce the well trained commercial vehicle drivers for road transport sector. After the completion of construction, the IDTR was inaugurated on 18 February 2013, by Shri Kamal Nath in the presence of several dignitaries both from the government and the company.

Spread over 15 acres, this IDTR is equipped with all necessary facilities for commercial vehicle driver training like state of the art driver training simulator, tracks of various configuration, computerized classrooms, experienced trainers from army, various vehicles from tipper to cars, cut sections of major automobile aggregates, Hostel and mess, etc. As of date the institute has trained more over 15500 drivers since inception. Major programs run are ASDC sponsored program for fresh drivers, Rise India sponsored program for fresh drivers, Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY[12]) program for fresh drivers, fresh drivers training sponsored through Forest Department, etc. Also MoRTH sponsored Road Safety refresher program was conducted for experienced drivers, Safe transportation of Hazardous goods program was conducted for BPCL,[13] Defensive driving training for RIVIGO pilots, etc.

IDTR Chhindwara has initiated various social activities like visits of school children for traffic education, engineering, diploma and ITI colleges technical study tours, adoption of primary school at nearby village, Road safety awareness campaign in the area. Under its green drive, so far 7500 trees are planted. Meticulously designed syllabus for fresh drivers consists of Soft skills, behavioral aspects of driving, first aid, firefighting, HIV/AIDS, drugs, sports, yoga in addition to thorough driving training course. Medical checkup, eye test and insurance is done for all drivers.

In addition to tailor-made courses to suit the customer requirements, IDTR runs driving training programs of various durations, right from one day to one month. There are courses of 1, 2, 3 and 5 days for experienced drivers on road safety, defensive driving, hazchem, fuel saving, etc. and one-month program for fresh drivers. The IDTR will address the huge shortage of trained commercial drivers in the area and all drivers are placed either in government jobs, transport companies or at big private fleet owners. Quality of drivers trained at IDTR put them ahead of other drivers in the race of employment.

Tourist attractions

The main tourist attractions in and around Chhindwara include:

Panaroma of Chhindwara city
City of Chhindwara.

Culture

Chhindwara District has a majority of tribal population. The tribal communities include the Gond, Pardhan, Bharia, Korku. Hindi, Gondi, Urdu, Korku, Musai etc. so many languages/dialects are in use in the district. The majority of the tribal people speak in Gondi and Hindi mixed with Marathi.

Among the most celebrated cultural functions/festivals in the district are Pola, Bhujalia, Meghnath, Akhadi, Harijyoti etc. The 'Gotmar Mela' of Pandhurna is a unique and world-renowned fair. On Shivrathri day 'Mahadev Mela' is celebrated each year on "chourgadh".

Chhindwara is the home of many famous temples and mosques. Many festivals and dances are celebrated in Chhindwara and nearby villages. Sela dance, Gedi dance, Nagpanchmi dance to name a few. Famous festivals in nearby villages include Chouth ka dangal and panchmi ka mela.

Education

Schools

Chhindwara has more than 300 state-sponsored schools, which are affiliated to the Madhya Pradesh Board of Secondary Education (MPBSE). In addition, there are two Kendriya Vidyalayas in the city, affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). [citation needed][17] The city is also served by numerous other private schools affiliated to either CBSE,[18] ICSE, MPBSE.

Schools include:-

Some of notable Hindi medium schools:-

Higher education

Chhindwara is relatively developed from its neighboring districts in terms of education and there are opportunities available for students in almost all disciplines.

Raja Shankar Shah University

Raja Shankar Shah University, formerly known as Chhindwara University, is a state university in Chhindwara. It is the only state university in the Satpura region and provides degrees to most non-technical colleges in and around Chhindwara. Funded by the state government, the university has a residential campus and serves as an affiliating university for colleges of Four other districts. The institution affiliates the colleges of Chhindwara district and other neighbouring districts like Betul, Seoni and Balaghat. It is established in the year 2019 May by state Government.

Chhindwara Institute of Medical Sciences

It is a state-run Medical School under the State Medical University of MP. The school provides degree courses such as MBBS and MD.

Annie Institute of Technology & Research Centre

It is a privately run Engineering School under the State Technical University of MP and it provides degree courses such as Bachelor of Engineering etc.

Apparel Training & Design Centre

Apparel Training & Design Centre, Chhindwara (ATDC) Apparel Training & Design Centre (ATDC) has emerged as Vocational Training Network for the Apparel Sector. Nearby FDDI, Chhindwara.

District Learning Center (DLC), NIIT Foundation

Situated at NIIT District Learning Center National Highway 69A, Emalia Bohta, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Footwear Design and Development Institute

Footwear Design and Development Institute, Chhindwara Situated at Corner Plot, Khasra No. 31, Nagpur-Betul Road, Imlikheda Chowk, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Danielson Degree College

Danielson Degree College is situated at Nagpur Road, came into existence in July - 1970 under the guidance and initiative of Late Rt. Rev. Rubin Israelson (Bishop of Chhindwara).

Government PG College

It is situated at Dharam Tekri near Khajri. It was started in 1961 and affiliated to Rani Durgawati Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur which previously with Harisingh Gaur University, Sagar.

Government Polytechnic College
Indira Gandhi Government Polytechnic College Chhindwara

Situated in Chhindwara, It was established in 12 September 1998 to offer 3-year diploma courses. At present the college has Two diploma branches Modern Office Management & Computer Science & Engineering.

Government Polytechnic College Khirsadoh, Chhindwara

Situated in Khirsadoh, Chhindwara, established in the year 1958. At present the college has seven diploma branches Mining, Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Electronics & Telecommunication, Computer Science & Engineering.), IT ( Information technology).

Indira Priyadarshini College

Indira Priyadarshini College, situated at Parasia Road, is offering some professional courses like B.B.A, B.C.A, Msc & BSc Microbiology, Biotechnology, and Botany. This was established in 2001.

R.S. Government Girls College

Situated at the heart of the town. Established in 1982, this college has now a strength of around 2500 girl students.

Satpura Law College

Satpura Law College which was established by the Satpura Education Society, Chhindwara, in 1961–62, is located in Mohan Nagar near the Bus Stand.

Soni College of Management and Technology
G. H. Raisoni University

G.H. Raisoni University is a private university located in the village Dhoda Borgaon in Chhindwara district, Madhya Pradesh, India. The university was established in 2016 by the GHR Sons Educational and Medical Research Foundation through Madhya Pradesh Niji Vishwavidyalaya (Sthapana Ewam Sanchalan) Sanshodhan Adhyadesh, 2016, an Ordinance which also established Symbiosis University of Applied Sciences and the yet to be operational (as of April 2018) D.C. University. It is part of the Raisoni Group of Institutions (RGI).

ITC Culinary Skills Training Centre

This centre is located in Mohan Nagar at IIS Chhindwara campus and is a CSR project of ITC ltd, where the youth are trained free of cost for 6 months in professional kitchen skills which helps them to get employment in various star category hotels, restaurants and catering organizations. Candidates must be above 18 years of age, medically fit and with a minimum 10th/12th standard qualification to enroll in the programme.

Transportation

Chhindwara is connected to its neighboring districts by rail and road both. The nearest airport is Nagpur Airport (130 km). A small airport is located in Chhindwara which is not serviceable for big passenger planes and can only serve small private aircraft. Chhindwara is connected to nearby big cities like Nagpur, Jabalpur and Bhopal with frequent buses and taxi services round the clock.

Road

National Highway 547 is a National Highway in central India passes through Chhindwara. It connects Saoner in Maharashtra to Narsinghpur in Madhya Pradesh.

National Highway 347 also passes through the city. It connects Multai and Seoni.

Railways

chhindwara station

Chhindwara railway station is part of the Satpura Railway and is shown on the Bilaspur-Nagpur section of Howrah-Nagpur-Mumbai line. It has the following trains running daily:

Notable people

References

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Chhindwara".