Czechs of Romania
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The Czechs (Czech: Češi, Pémové, Romanian: Cehi, Pemi, Hungarian: Bánáti csehek) are an ethnic minority in Romania,[1] numbering 3,938 people according to the 2002 census. The majority of Romanian Czechs live in the south-west of the country, with around 60% of them living in Caraș-Severin County, where they make up 0.7% of the population.
As an officially recognised ethnic minority, Czechs, together with Slovaks, have one seat reserved in the Romanian Chamber of Deputies associated within Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs of Romania.
History
The Czechs were among the last peoples colonized by the Habsburg Empire in Banat. Their colonization took place in three main waves/stages: 1823, 1827 and 1862, as a consequence of the need to populate the sparsely populated territories, to clear the forests and to ensure, together with the inhabitants of the Romanian villages, the protection of the borders.[citation needed]
Communes with the largest Czech population percentage
- Dubova, Mehedinți—40.70%
- Gârnic, Caraș-Severin—33.46%
- Coronini, Caraș-Severin—27.36%
- Berzasca, Caraș-Severin—14.24%
- Șopotu Nou, Caraș-Severin—10.92%
- Lăpușnicel, Caraș-Severin—10.75%
- Socol, Caraș-Severin—4.60%
- Peregu Mare, Arad—3.83%
- Eșelnița, Mehedinți—2.31%
- Orșova, Mehedinți—1.85%
There are six villages with a Czech majority. Five are in Caraș-Severin County: Bigăr, Berzasca Commune; Gârnic, Gârnic Commune; Ravensca, Șopotu Nou Commune; Sfânta Elena, Coronini Commune; and Șumița, Lăpușnicel Commune. One is in Mehedinți County: Eibenthal, Dubova Commune.
Notable Czech-Romanians
- Ignat Bednarik, painter
- Anton Chladek, painter
- Matilda Cugler-Poni, poet
- Ludovic Dauș, novelist
- Julius Podlipny, painter
- Jan Tausinger, violinist, conductor and composer
- Anton Vorel, herbalist
- Lascăr Vorel, painter
Notes
- ^ (in Romanian) Alena Gecse and Dezideriu Gecse, "Istoria și cultura cehilor din Banat", in Minorităţi în zonele de contact interetnic. Cehii şi slovacii în România şi Ungaria, p.45-60, ed. Jakab Albert Zsolt and Peti Lehel, Editura Institutului pentru Studierea Problemelor Minorităților Naționale and Editura Kriterion, Cluj-Napoca, 2010, ISBN 978-606-92512-2-5.
See also
 Ethnic groups in Romania | ||
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| Dominant group | Romanians (16,792,868) |  |
| Officially recognised minorities |
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| Non-recognized minorities |
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| Historical ethnic groups |
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| Immigrant groups |
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* = Subgroups of officially recognized ethnicities that are not treated by the Romanian authorities as separate minorities. | ||
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