Dimitrov Battalion
Dimitrov Battalion | |
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Active | 1936–1938 |
Country | Bulgaria, Greece and Yugoslavia |
Allegiance | Spain |
Branch | International Brigades |
Type | Battalion – Infantry |
Part of | XV International Brigade, 45th International Division Reserve, CXXIX International Brigade |
Mascot(s) | Georgi Dimitrov |
Engagements | Battle of Jarama |
Commanders | |
Notable commanders | Franc Rozman Josef Pavel |
The Dimitrov Battalion was part of the International Brigades during the Spanish Civil War. It was the 18th battalion formed, and was named after Georgi Dimitrov, a Bulgarian communist and General Secretary of the Comintern in that period.
History
It was founded in December 1936, composed largely of Balkan exiles.[1] It soon had 800 volunteers, including about 400 Bulgarians, 160 Greeks[2] and 25 Yugoslavs.[3] The first commander of the battalion was the Bulgarian Ivan Paunov (pseudonym Grebenarov) who perished under frontal attack on 12 February 1937. The Battalion then became part of the XV International Brigade on 31 January 1937. There it joined two battalions that were to become famous: the British Battalion and the Lincoln Battalion. They fought together for the first time at the Battle of Jarama in February 1937, with the Dimitrovs holding the right.[4] The brigade suffered extremely heavy casualties.
On 20 September 1937 the Dimitrovs were moved to 45th International Division Reserve, where the battalion was rebuilt. On 13 February 1938 it became part of the newly formed 129th International Brigade, which was formed from central European battalions. It remained with the 129th Brigade until it was demobilised on 5 October 1938. Its last commander, Josef Pavel,[5] became a cabinet minister during Alexander Dubček's Prague Spring in 1968.
Notable members
- Todor Angelov (1900–1943), Bulgarian anarcho-communist and later member of the Belgian Resistance.
- Peko Dapčević (1913–1999), Yugoslav communist and partisan who later became Chief of the General Staff of Yugoslavia
See also
References
Sources
- Hugh Thomas, The Spanish Civil War, 4th Rev. Ed. 2001.
- Antony Beevor, The Battle for Spain, 2006.
- (in Spanish) Order of Battle website Broken link
- (in Spanish) Associació Catalana de Vexil·lologia Website
- (in Serbian) Đurđević-Đukić Olga, Narodni heroji Jugoslavije, Belgrade 1975. (COBISS.SR-ID:5575431)
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- János Gálicz (Jan–Feb 1937)
- Vladimir Ćopić (Feb–Jul 1937)
- Klaus Becker (Jul–Aug 1937)
- Vladimir Ćopić (Aug 1937–Mar 1938)
- Robert Hale Merriman (Mar–Apr 1938)
- Vladimir Ćopić (Apr–May 1938)
- José Antonio Valledor Álvarez [es] (May–Sep 1938)
- British Battalion
- Lincoln Battalion (incl. American Medical Bureau & Connolly Column)
- Dimitrov Battalion
- Sixth of February Battalion
- 24 Battalion
- Mackenzie–Papineau Battalion
- Washington Battalion
- William Aalto
- Bernard Ades
- Bill Alexander
- Edward K. Barsky
- James Walker Benét
- Alvah Bessie
- Delmer Berg
- Herman Bottcher
- Edward A. Carter Jr.
- Christopher Caudwell
- Lewis Clive
- Morris Cohen
- Fred Copeman
- John Cornford
- Jock Cunningham
- Peter Daly
- Peko Dapčević
- Carmelo Delgado Delgado
- Charles Donnelly
- Bob Doyle
- Petar Drapšin
- Frank Edwards
- Leo Eloesser
- Moe Fishman
- Hugh Garner
- John Gates
- David Guest
- Jason Gurney
- William Herrick
- Robert Hilliard
- Jack Jones
- Salaria Kea
- Robert Klonsky
- Oliver Law
- Laurie Lee
- Maurice Levitas
- Yank Levy
- Matti Mattson
- Alex McDade
- Kosta Nađ
- Conlon Nancarrow
- George Nathan
- Steve Nelson
- Paddy O'Daire
- John O'Reilly
- Michael O'Riordan
- Thomas Patten
- Will Paynter
- Koča Popović
- Harry Wayland Randall
- Patrick Read
- Esmond Romilly
- Frank Ryan
- Alfred Sherman
- George Sossenko
- Stephen Spender
- Wally Tapsell
- Robert G. Thompson
- Tom Wintringham
- Milton Wolff
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