Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria

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Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen

Wilhelm
Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen

Born	(1752-11-10)10 November 1752 Gelnhausen, Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen, Holy Roman Empire
Died	8 January 1837(1837-01-08) (aged 84) Landshut or Bamberg, Kingdom of Bavaria
Burial	Tegernsee Abbey
Spouse	Countess Palatine Maria Anna of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld
Issue	Maria Elisabeth, Princess of Neûchatel Duke Pius August
House	House of Wittelsbach
Father	John, Count Palatine of Gelnhausen
Mother	Wildgravine and Rhinegravine Sophie Charlotte of Salm-Dhaun

Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria,^[1]^[2] full German name: Wilhelm, Herzog in Bayern (born 10 November 1752 in Gelnhausen, Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen;^[1]^[2] died 8 January 1837 in Landshut or Bamberg, Kingdom of Bavaria^[1]^[2]) was Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen between 1789 and 1799 and first Duke in Bavaria from 16 February 1799 until his death in 1837. From 17 December 1803 to 20 March 1806, Wilhelm was titled Duke of Berg.

Early life

Wilhelm was born on 10 November 1752 in Gelnhausen to John, Count Palatine of Gelnhausen and his wife Wild- and Rhinegravine Sophie Charlotte of Salm-Dhaun.^[2] In 1778, Wilhelm became an honorary member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities.^[1]

Marriage and issue

Wilhelm married Countess Palatine Maria Anna of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld, sister of the first King of Bavaria Maximilian I, daughter of Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken and his wife Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach, on 30 January 1780 in Mannheim.^[2] Wilhelm and Maria Anna had two children:^[2]

unnamed son (6 May 1782)^[2]
Duchess Maria Elisabeth Amalie Franziska in Bavaria (5 May 1784 – 1 June 1849)^[2] married the French Marshall Louis Alexandre Berthier, 1st Prince de Wagram and had issue.
Duke Pius August in Bavaria (1 August 1786 – 3 August 1837)^[2]

Duke in Bavaria

On 16 February 1799, the head of the House of Wittelsbach Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria died. At the time there were two surviving branches of the Wittelsbach family: Zweibrücken (headed by Duke Maximilian Joseph) and Birkenfeld (headed by Count Palatine Wilhelm). Maximilian Joseph inherited Charles Theodor's title of Elector of Bavaria, while Wilhelm was compensated with the title of Duke in Bavaria. The form Duke in Bavaria was selected because in 1506 primogeniture had been established in the House of Wittelsbach resulting in there being only one Duke of Bavaria at any given time.

Death

Wilhelm was interred at the family burial crypt of the Dukes in Bavaria at Tegernsee Abbey.

Ancestry

Ancestors of Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria^[3]

8. Christian I, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler

4. John Charles, Count Palatine of Gelnhausen

9. Countess Palatine Magdalene Catherine of Zweibrücken

2. John, Count Palatine of Gelnhausen

10. Georg Friedrich von Witzleben

5. Esther Maria von Witzleben

11. Maria Magdalena von Hanstein

1. Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria

12. John Philip II, Wild- and Rhinegrave of Salm-Dhaun

6. Charles, Wild- and Rhinegrave of Salm-Dhaun

13. Countess Anna Catherine of Nassau-Ottweiler

3. Wild- and Rhinegravine Sophie Charlotte of Salm-Dhaun

14. Frederick Louis, Count of Nassau-Ottweiler

7. Countess Louise of Nassau-Ottweiler

15. Countess Christiane of Ahlefedlt-Rixingen

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities. "Ehrenmitglieder". Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Archived from the original on 2009-07-11. Retrieved 2009-07-06.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Geneall. "Wilhelm, Herzog in Bayern". Geneall. Retrieved 2009-07-06.
^ Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 95.

German nobility
Duke Wilhelm in Bavaria House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen Cadet branch of the House of Wittelsbach Born: 10 November 1752 Died: 8 January 1837
Preceded by Charles John Louis	Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen 31 March 1789 – 16 February 1799	Succeeded by None