Duke of Norfolk

Created byPeeragePeerage of EnglandFirst holderThomas de MowbrayPresent holderEdward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of NorfolkHeir apparentHenry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of ArundelRemainder to1st Duke's heirs male of the body lawfully begottenSubsidiary titlesExtinction dateSeat(s)Former seat(s)

Duke of Norfolk is a title in the peerage of England, and is the premier non-royal peerage. The seat of the Duke of Norfolk is Arundel Castle in Sussex, although the title refers to the county of Norfolk. The current duke is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk. The dukes have historically been Catholic, a state of affairs known as recusancy in England.

All past and present dukes have been descended from Edward I. The son of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, was Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey; the earl was descended from Edward III. As all subsequent dukes after Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk are descendants of the Earl of Surrey, this means they are also descended from Edward III.

History

Before the Dukes of Norfolk, there were the Bigod Earls of Norfolk, starting with Roger Bigod from Normandy (died 1107). Their male line ended with Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk, who died without an heir in 1306, so their titles and estates reverted to the crown. Edward II then granted his brother, Thomas of Brotherton, the title of Earl of Norfolk in 1312. It passed to Thomas's daughter (and granddaughter of Edward I), Margaret, and then to her grandson, Thomas Mowbray.

When Richard II made Thomas Mowbray the Duke of Norfolk in 1397, he conferred upon him the estates and titles (including Earl Marshal) that had belonged to the Earls of Norfolk. His elderly grandmother, Margaret, was still alive, and so at the same time she was created Duchess of Norfolk for life. Mowbray died in exile in 1399, months after his grandmother, and his dukedom was repealed. His widow took the title of Countess of Norfolk.^[1]

Between 1401 and 1476, the Mowbray family held the title and estates of the Duke of Norfolk. John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk, died without male issue in 1476, his only surviving child being the 3-year-old Anne Mowbray. A marriage was arranged between Anne and Richard, Duke of York, the 4-year-old son of Edward IV. She remained Richard's child bride until she died at the age of 8.

In accordance with the marriage arrangements, Richard inherited the lands and wealth of the Mowbray family. He was also made Duke of Norfolk. However, upon the death of Edward IV, the throne was offered to Edward's brother, Richard III. After Prince Richard was lodged in June 1483 in the Tower of London, where his elder brother (briefly Edward V) was too, both Richard and Edward were declared illegitimate. They subsequently disappeared, and the titles of both York and Norfolk were forfeited to the crown.

This left John Howard, the son of Thomas Mowbray's elder daughter Margaret, as heir to the dukedom, and his support for Richard III's usurpation secured his creation as 1st Duke of Norfolk in 1483, in the title's third creation. From this point to the present, the title has remained in the hands of the descendants of John Howard, except for periods when it was temporarily forfeited.

The Catholic faith of the Howard dynasty often resulted in conflict with the reigning monarch, particularly during and after the reign of Henry VIII. In 1546, Thomas Howard, the third Duke, fell out of favour with the dying Henry and was attainted on 27 January 1547; he was stripped of his titles and his lands reverted to the Crown. Imprisoned in the Tower of London, he narrowly escaped execution through Henry's death the following day, but remained imprisoned until the death of Edward VI and the accession of the Catholic Queen Mary to the English throne in 1553, upon which his lands and titles were restored to him. However, the Duke died the following year aged around 81, and was succeeded by his grandson Thomas as the fourth Duke of Norfolk.

Following Mary's death in 1558 and the accession of her sister Elizabeth I, the Duke was imprisoned for scheming to marry Elizabeth's cousin Mary, Queen of Scots. After his release under house arrest in 1570 and subsequent participation in the Ridolfi plot to enthrone Mary and Catholicism in England, he was executed in 1572 for treason and his lands and titles again became forfeit.

In 1660, the fourth Duke's great-great-grandson, the 23rd Earl of Arundel, was restored to the family lands and dukedom. Mentally infirm, the fifth Duke never married and died in 1677. He was succeeded by his younger brother Henry as the 6th Duke, through whom the 7th Duke, 8th Duke and 9th Duke of Norfolk were descended in the male-line.

At the death of the 9th Duke, the title was inherited in 1777 by his heir male, Charles Howard, a grandson of Charles Howard of Greystoke, a younger brother of the 5th and 6th Dukes. He was succeeded by his son, Charles, whose lack of a legitimate male heir resulted in the title passing to Bernard Howard, a great-grandson of Bernard Howard of Glossop, the youngest brother of the 5th and 6th Dukes. The title then passed to his son in 1842, Henry Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk, who was the father of Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 14th Duke of Norfolk, and Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Glossop. By royal licence dated 26 April 1842, the 13th Duke added "Fitzalan" before his children's surnames (but not his own), so they all became Fitzalan-Howard, which surname their male-line descendants have borne ever since.^[2] Their ancestor, Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, married Mary FitzAlan (daughter and heiress of Henry Fitzalan, 12th Earl of Arundel) in 1555.^[3]

The title passed through the line of the elder brother from 1856 until the death in 1975 of Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk without male issue. Consequently, he was succeeded by his second cousin once removed, Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk, who was a great-grandson of the aforementioned 1st Baron Howard of Glossop.

The current Duke of Norfolk is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk, who succeeded his father, Miles Stapleton-Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk, in 2002. He succeeded as 18th Duke of Norfolk (Premier Duke of England), 36th Earl of Arundel (Premier Earl of England), 19th Earl of Surrey, 16th Earl of Norfolk, 13th Baron Beaumont, 26th Baron Maltravers, 16th Baron FitzAlan, 16th Baron Clun, 16th Baron Oswaldestre, and 5th Baron Howard of Glossop.^[4]

Duties and other titles

In addition to the ducal title, the dukes of Norfolk also hold the hereditary position of Earl Marshal, which has the duty of organizing state occasions such as the coronation of the monarch and the state opening of Parliament. For the last five centuries, save some periods when it was under attainder, both the dukedom and the earl-marshalship have been in the hands of the Howard family. According to the House of Lords Act 1999, due to his duties as Earl Marshal, Norfolk is one of only two hereditary peers automatically admitted to the House of Lords, without being elected by the general body of hereditary peers (the other being the Lord Great Chamberlain).

Additionally, the Duke of Norfolk participates in the ceremony of the State Opening of Parliament. He is among the four individuals who precede the monarch, and one of the two of these who would traditionally walk facing the sovereign (thus backwards), but this has not been practised in recent years.

As the Earl Marshal, the Duke of Norfolk is head of the College of Arms, through which he regulates all matters connected with armorial bearings and standards, in addition to controlling the arrangements for state functions. He is one of three claimants to the title of Chief Butler of England.

The Duke of Norfolk currently holds the following subsidiary titles:

• Earl of Arundel (1289)
• Earl of Surrey (1483)
• Earl of Norfolk (1644)
• Baron Beaumont (1309)
• Baron Maltravers (1330)
• Baron FitzAlan (1627)
• Baron Clun (1627)
• Baron Oswaldestre (1627)
• Baron Howard of Glossop (1869)

All titles are in the Peerage of England, save for the Barony of Howard of Glossop which is in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. All descend to heirs male except the Barony of Beaumont, which can pass in the female line. The style Earl of Arundel is used as a courtesy title by the Duke's eldest son, the present holder being Henry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of Arundel. The style Lord Maltravers is used as a courtesy title by the eldest son of the Duke's eldest son (the Duke's grandson).

Heraldic achievement (coat of arms)

Coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk

Adopted 1660 (by the 5th Duke of Norfolk) Coronet A Coronet of a Duke Crest 1st: Issuant from a Ducal Coronet Or a pair of Wings Gules each charged with a Bend between six Cross-crosslets fitchy Argent (Howard); 2nd: On a Chapeau Gules turned up Ermine a Lion statant gardant with tail extended Or gorged with a Ducal Coronet Argent (Thomas of Brotherton); 3rd: On a Mount Vert a Horse passant Argent holding in the mouth a Slip of Oak Vert fructed proper (Fitzalan). Helm Helm of a peer Escutcheon Quarterly, 1st: Gules on a Bend between six Cross-crosslets fitchy Argent an Escutcheon Or charged with a Demi-lion rampant pierced through the mouth by an arrow within a Double Tressure flory counterflory of the first (Howard); 2nd: Gules three Lions passant gardant in pale Or, Armed and Langued Azure, in chief a Label of three points Argent (Plantagenet of Norfolk); 3rd: Checky Or and Azure (Warenne); 4th: Gules a Lion rampant Or, Armed and Langued Azure (Fitzalan). Supporters Dexter a Lion, sinister a Horse both Argent the latter holding in the mouth a Slip of Oak Vert fructed proper. Motto Sola Virtus Invicta (Latin for "Virtue alone is unconquered"). Orders Circlet of the Royal Victorian Order (appointed Knight Grand Cross in 2022). Often, the coat of arms of the Duke of Norfolk appears with the Garter circlet of the Order of the Garter surrounding the shield, as seen in the arms of the 17th Duke of Norfolk. However, this is not hereditary; the 17th Duke did not become a Knight of the Garter until 22 April 1983. The 18th Duke of Norfolk, as of 2022, had not been appointed to the Order of the Garter. Other elements Placed behind the shield are two gold batons in saltire enamelled at the ends in black, which represent the Duke of Norfolk's office as Earl Marshal and Hereditary Marshal of England. Symbolism The shield on the bend in the first quarter of the arms was granted as an augmentation of honour by Henry VIII to the 2nd Duke of Norfolk, to commemorate his victory at the Battle of Flodden. It is a modification of the Royal coat of arms of Scotland. Instead of its normal rampant position, the lion is shown cut in half with an arrow through its mouth, commemorating the death of King James IV at the battle.[5]

Residences

The main residences commonly associated with the Dukes of Norfolk are: Framlingham Castle, Bungay Castle, as well as Clun Castle in Shropshire, which are now largely ruins; Worksop Manor, Carlton Towers, Norfolk House in London, and most notably Arundel Castle.

Framlingham Castle was originally a part of the properties of the Earls of Norfolk, but when the title fell from use, the castle was administered by the crown. In 1397, it was given to Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by King Richard II. And when the Mowbray line became extinct, it passed eventually to the Howard family. Major repairs to this castle were carried out in 1485 by John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk (second creation). The castle would remain in the Howard family, and thus the Dukes of Norfolk, for a while, but would eventually pass from their possession. In 1553, for example, Framlingham was given to Mary Tudor, sister of King Edward VI.^[6]

Bungay Castle was also originally a part of the properties of the Earls of Norfolk. In 1483, it passed into the possession of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, and the family continued to own it, apart from brief periods, until the late 20th century. However, the castle has long been in a state of decay. Consequently, in 1987, the 17th Duke of Norfolk presented the castle to the town, which had already begun its own restoration attempts, with an endowment towards its preservation. It is now owned and administered by the Castle Trust.^[7]

Carlton Towers is in Carlton, North Yorkshire. It is a Victorian gothic country house remodelled by Edward Welby Pugin for the 8th Baron Beaumont. It is the Yorkshire home of the Duke of Norfolk. Though the Duke of Norfolk's family still live in part of the house, it is now largely used for wedding receptions and similar events.

Arundel Castle has been the principal seat of the Dukes of Norfolk and their ancestors for more than 850 years. Built in the 11th century by Roger de Montgomery, Earl of Arundel, the castle was seized by the crown in 1102. King Henry II, who added on to the castle, in 1155 confirmed William d'Aubigny as Earl of Arundel, with the honour and the castle of Arundel. Arundel Castle is still to this day the home of The Duke and Duchess of Norfolk and their children. The Fitzalan Chapel, founded in 1390 by the 4th Earl of Arundel, is located on the western grounds outside the castle, and has been the burial place of the most recent Dukes of Norfolk.^[8]

Glossop Hall as an occasional residence is situated in the High Peak District of Derbyshire. As the family became closely connected with Sheffield, the Farm in Glossop became increasingly used, particularly when Henry Howard lived there in the 1760s; when the 14th Duke enlarged The Farm as an occasional residence; and during the time of the 15th Duke, Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard, who had interest in the activities of the city. The Glossop estate was sold by the family in 1925.

List of titleholders

Duchess of Norfolk (1397)

Created by Richard II of England (for life)
Name	Period	Spouse	Notes	Other titles
Margaret (c. 1320 – 1399)	1397–1399	widowed	Granddaughter of King Edward I	Countess of Norfolk

Dukes of Norfolk (1397)

Created by Richard II of England
#	Name	Period	Spouse	Notes	Other titles
1	Thomas de Mowbray (1365–1399)	1397–1399	Lady Elizabeth FitzAlan	Grandson of Margaret, Duchess of Norfolk; exiled by Richard II and stripped of the dukedom	Earl of Norfolk Earl of Nottingham Baron Mowbray Baron Segrave
2	John de Mowbray (1392–1432)	1425–1432	Lady Katherine Neville	Son of the preceding; restored to the dukedom
3	John de Mowbray (1415–1461)	1432–1461	Lady Eleanor Bourchier	Son of the preceding and an important figure in the Wars of the Roses
4	John de Mowbray (1444–1476)	1461–1476	Lady Elizabeth Talbot	Son of the preceding; died without heirs male

Dukes (Royal) of Norfolk (1477)

Created by Edward IV of England
#	Name	Period	Spouse	Notes	Other titles
1	Prince Richard of Shrewsbury (1473–1483)	1477–1483	Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk	Son of King Edward IV and son-in-law of the 4th Duke of Norfolk	Duke of York Earl of Norfolk Earl of Nottingham

Dukes of Norfolk (1483)

Created by Richard III of England
#	Name	Period	Spouse	Notes	Other titles
1	John Howard (c. 1425 – 1485)	1483–1485	widowed	Grandson of Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, died at the Battle of Bosworth Field, forfeiting the dukedom	Baron Mowbray
2	Thomas Howard (1443–1524)	1514–1524	Elizabeth Tilney Agnes Tilney	Son of the preceding, restored to the dukedom. Great grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I	Earl of Surrey Baron Mowbray
3	Thomas Howard (1473–1554)	1524–1554	Lady Elizabeth Stafford	Son of the preceding and uncle of Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, forfeited the dukedom having incurred Henry VIII's disfavour and restored by Mary I
4	Thomas Howard (1536–1572)	1554–1572	Lady Mary FitzAlan Margaret Audley Elizabeth Leyburne	Grandson of the preceding, executed for treason against Elizabeth I, forfeiting the dukedom
5	Thomas Howard (1627–1677)	1660–1677	unmarried	Great-great-grandson of the preceding, restored to the dukedom	Earl of Arundel Earl of Surrey Earl of Norfolk Baron Mowbray Baron Maltravers Baron Furnivall
6	Henry Howard (1628–1684)	1677–1684	Jane Bickerton	Brother of the preceding	Earl of Arundel Earl of Surrey Earl of Norfolk Earl of Norwich Baron Mowbray Baron Maltravers Baron Furnivall Baron Howard of Castle Rising
7	Henry Howard (1655–1701)	1684–1701	Mary Mordaunt, 7th Baroness Mordaunt	Son of the preceding Baron Mowbray by writ of acceleration on 14 Jan. 1678
8	Thomas Howard (1683–1732)	1701–1732	Maria Shireburn	Nephew of the preceding
9	Edward Howard (1685–1777)	1732–1777	Mary Blount	Brother of the preceding
10	Charles Howard (1720–1786)	1777–1786	Catherine Brockholes	Second cousin of the preceding	Earl of Arundel Earl of Surrey Earl of Norfolk Baron Maltravers
11	Charles Howard (1746–1815)	1786–1815	Frances Scudamore	Son of the preceding
12	Bernard Edward Howard (1765–1842)	1815–1842	divorced	Third cousin of the preceding
13	Henry Charles Howard (1791–1856)	1842–1856	Charlotte Leveson-Gower	Son of the preceding
14	Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard (1815–1860)	1856–1860	Augusta Lyons	Son of the preceding
15	Henry Fitzalan-Howard (1847–1917)	1860–1917	Lady Flora Paulyna Hetty Barbara Abney-Hastings Gwendolen Constable-Maxwell, 12th Lady Herries of Terregles	Son of the preceding
16	Bernard Marmaduke Fitzalan-Howard (1908–1975)	1917–1975	Lavinia Strutt	Son of the preceding	Earl of Arundel Earl of Surrey Earl of Norfolk Baron Maltravers Lord Herries of Terregles
17	Miles Francis Stapleton Fitzalan-Howard (1915–2002)	1975–2002	Anne Constable-Maxwell	Second cousin once removed of the preceding	Earl of Arundel Earl of Surrey Earl of Norfolk Baron Maltravers Baron Beaumont Baron Howard of Glossop
18	Edward William Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1956)	since 2002	Georgina Gore (m. 1987; div. 2022) Francesca Herbert (m. 2022)	Son of the preceding

The heir apparent is the Duke's eldest son, Henry Miles Fitzalan-Howard, styled Earl of Arundel (b. 1987).

Remainder

In 1660, the 23rd Earl of Arundel was restored to the Dukedom of Norfolk with remainder to:

1. the heirs male of his body (he never married)
2. the heirs male of his father Henry Howard, the 22nd Earl (the present line; through the fifth Duke's brother the Hon. Bernard)
3. the heirs male of his grandfather the 21st Earl (extinct in 1762 except for the 22nd Earl's heirs)
4. the heirs male of his great-grandfather the 20th Earl, eldest son of the fourth Duke (he had none apart from the 21st Earl)
5. the heirs male in the line of descent from the Earl of Suffolk, younger half-brother of the 20th Earl (currently extant)
6. the heirs male descended from Lord William Howard, younger half-brother of the 20th Earl: (both lines currently extant)
   1. the heirs male in the senior line of descent from Lord William Howard through his elder son Sir Philip Howard, grandfather of the first Earl of Carlisle
   2. the heirs male in the junior line of descent from Lord William Howard through his second son Francis, ancestor of the Howards of Corby Castle, Cumberland, England.

In the event all the currently extant lines of descent from the fourth Duke fail in the male line, the Dukedom of Norfolk and its subsidiary titles will become extinct; though there exists a currently extant branch of the Howard dynasty, the Earls of Effingham, in descent from the second Duke, their line was unaccountably omitted from the 1660 remainder.

Succession to the Dukedom

Knights of the Garter

The following list is of the dukes of Norfolk, along with their year of investiture, who were also knights of the Order of the Garter across all creations of the title.

• 1383 – Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk
• 1421 – John Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
• 1451 – John Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk
• 1472 – John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
• 1475 – Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, 1st Duke of Norfolk
• 1483 – Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Surrey; degraded 1485; restored 1489; later 2nd Duke of Norfolk
• 1510 – Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
• 1559 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk; degraded 1572
• 1685 – Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk
• 1834 – Bernard Edward Howard, 12th Duke of Norfolk
• 1848 – Henry Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk
• 1886 – Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 15th Duke of Norfolk
• 1937 – Bernard Marmaduke Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk
• 1983 – Miles Francis Stapleton Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk

Family trees

v t e  Family tree of the Dukes of Norfolk; Earls of Arundel, East Anglia, Norfolk, Norwich, Nottingham, and Surrey; and Barons Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton

Earl of East Anglia (Earls of Norfolk and Suffolk) (1st creation), before 1069 Ralph the Staller (c. 1011–1068) 1st Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, or of the East Angles c. 1066/67–1068 Ralph de Gael (c. 1040 – c. 1096) 2nd Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, or of the East Angles until 1074 Earldom forfeit, 1074 Earl of Norfolk (2nd creation), 1141 Hugh Bigod (1095–1177) 1st Earl of Norfolk 1141–1177 Roger Bigod (c. 1144/1150–1221) 2nd Earl of Norfolk 1189–1221 (disputed 1177–1189) Hugh Bigod (1186–1225) 3rd Earl of Norfolk 1221–1225 Baron Segrave of Se(a)grave, 1283 Nicholas Segrave (c. 1238–bef. 1295) 1st Baron Segrave Roger Bigod (c. 1209–1270) 4th Earl of Norfolk 1233–1270 Hugh Bigod (c. 1211–1266) Baron Mowbray, 1283 John Segrave (c. 1256–1325) 2nd Baron Segrave King Edward I (1239–1307) Roger de Mowbray (1254–1297) 1st Baron Mowbray Roger Bigod (c. 1245–1306) 5th Earl of Norfolk 1270–1306 Earldom extinct, 1270 Earl of Norfolk (3rd creation), 1312 Stephen Segrave (d. 1325) 3rd Baron Segrave Thomas of Brotherton (1300–1338) 1st Earl of Norfolk 1312–1338 John Mowbray (1286–1322) 2nd Baron Mowbray John Segrave (1315–1353) 4th Baron Segrave Margaret of Brotherton (1320–1399) 2nd Countess of Norfolk 1338–1399, Duchess of Norfolk "for life" 1397–1399 John Mowbray (1310–1361) 3rd Baron Mowbray Elizabeth de Segrave (1338–1368) 5th Baroness Segrave John de Mowbray (1340–1368) 4th Baron Mowbray Earl of Nottingham (1st creation), 1377 Earl of Nottingham (2nd creation), 1383 Duke of Norfolk (1st creation), 1397 John de Mowbray (1365–1383) 1st Earl of Nottingham, 6th Baron Segrave, 5th Baron Mowbray Thomas de Mowbray (1366–1399) 1st Duke of Norfolk 1397–1399, 3rd Earl of Norfolk 1399, 7th Baron Segrave, 6th Baron Mowbray Earldom of Nottingham extinct, 1383 Titles forfeit, 1399 Baron Stourton, 1448 Duke of Norfolk (1st creation restored), 1425 John Stourton (1400–1462) 1st Baron Stourton, 1448–1462 Thomas de Mowbray (1385–1405) 4th Earl of Norfolk, 8th Baron Segrave, 7th Baron Mowbray 1399–1405 John de Mowbray (1392–1432) 2nd Duke of Norfolk 1425–1432, 5th Earl of Norfolk, 9th Baron Segrave, 8th Baron Mowbray 1405–1432 Margaret de Mowbray (c. 1388–1459) Robert Howard (1385–1436) Isabel de Mowbray (c. 1400–1452) James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley (c. 1394–1463) Duke of Norfolk (4th creation), 1483 William Stourton (before 1426–1478) 2nd Baron Stourton, 1462–1478 John de Mowbray (1415–1461) 3rd Duke of Norfolk, 6th Earl of Norfolk, 10th Baron Segrave, 9th Baron Mowbray 1432–1461 John Howard (1425–1485) 1st Duke of Norfolk, 13th Baron Segrave, 12th Baron Mowbray 1483–1485 Titles forfeit, 1485 Earl of Surrey and Warenne (2nd creation), 1451 Duke of Norfolk (4th creation) restored and Earl of Surrey, 1514 John Stourton (c. 1454–1485) 3rd Baron Stourton, 1479–1485 William Stourton (c. 1457–1524) 5th Baron Stourton, 1487–1524 John de Mowbray (1444–1476) 4th Duke of Norfolk, 7th Earl of Norfolk, Earl of Surrey and Warenne, 11th Baron Segrave, 10th Baron Mowbray 1461–1476 King Edward IV (1442–1483) Thomas Howard (1443–1524) 2nd Duke of Norfolk, 1st Earl of Surrey 1514–1524 Dukedom of Norfolk, Earldom of Nottingham, Earldom of Surrey and Warenne extinct, 1476 Duke of Norfolk (3rd creation), Earl of Nottingham (3rd creation), and Earl of Warenne, 1477 Francis Stourton (1485–1487) 4th Baron Stourton, 1485–1487 Edward Stourton (1463–1535) 6th Baron Stourton, 1524–1535 Anne de Mowbray (1472–1481) 8th Countess of Norfolk, 12th Baroness Segrave, 11th Baroness Mowbray 1476–1481 Richard of Shrewsbury (1473–1483) Duke of York, Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Warenne 1477–1483 Anne of York (1475–1511) Thomas Howard (1473–1554) 3rd Duke of Norfolk, 2nd Earl of Surrey 1524–1554 Edmund Howard (c. 1478–1539) Elizabeth Boleyn (c. 1480–1538) Earldom of Norfolk extinct and Baronies Segrave and Mowbray in abeyance, 1481 Dukedom of Norfolk, Earldom of Nottingham, Earldom of Warenne extinct, 1483 Attainted, 1547 Restored, 1553 William Stourton (c. 1505–1548) 7th Baron Stourton Earl of Nottingham (5th creation), 1525 King Henry VIII (1491–1547) Anne Boleyn (c. 1501 or 1507–1536) Charles Stourton (c. 1520–1557) 8th Baron Stourton Henry Howard (1517–1547) styled Earl of Surrey Thomas Howard (c. 1520–1582) Viscount Howard of Bindon Mary FitzRoy (1519–1557) Henry FitzRoy (1519–1536) Duke of Richmond and Somerset, Earl of Nottingham Catherine Howard (c. 1524–1542) Earldom of Nottingham extinct, 1536 Thomas Howard (1536–1572) 4th Duke of Norfolk, 3rd Earl of Surrey, 13th Baron Mowbray 1554–1572 Henry Howard (1540–1614) Earl of Northampton Queen Elizabeth I (1533–1603) Dukedom (3rd creation) forfeit, 1572 Earl of Arundel (3rd creation), 1580 Earl of Suffolk (4th creation), 1603 John Stourton (1553–1588) 9th Baron Stourton Edward Stourton (c. 1555–1633) 10th Baron Stourton Philip Howard (1557–1595) 20th/13th/1st Earl of Arundel, styled Earl of Surrey Thomas Howard (1561–1626) Earl of Suffolk Lord William Howard (1563–1640) Earldom of Arundel and Barony Mowbray attainted, 1589 see Earls, Marquesses, and Dukes of Suffolk family tree Earl of Arundel (3rd creation) and Barony Mowbray restored, 1604 Earl of Norfolk (5th creation), 1644 William Stourton (c. 1594–1672) 11th Baron Stourton Thomas Howard (1585–1646) 21st/14th/2nd Earl of Arundel, 2nd/4th Earl of Surrey, 1st Earl of Norfolk, 14th Baron Mowbray 1644–1646 see Earls of Shrewsbury family tree Edward Stourton (1617–1644) Henry Frederick Howard (1608–1652) 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 3rd/5th Earl of Surrey, 2nd Earl of Norfolk, 15th Baron Mowbray 1646–1652 Alethea Howard 1585–1654 17th Baroness Strange of Blackmere, 14th Baroness Talbot, 13th Baroness Furnivall Duke of Norfolk (4th creation restored), 1660 Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 1669 Earl of Norwich (3rd creation), 1672 William Stourton (d. 1685) 12th Baron Stourton Thomas Howard (1627–1677) 5th Duke of Norfolk, 21st/14th/2nd Earl of Arundel, 4th/6th Earl of Surrey, 16th Baron Mowbray 1660–1677 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1654–1677 Henry Howard (1628–1684) 6th Duke of Norfolk, 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 5th/7th Earl of Surrey, 1st Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 17th Baron Mowbray, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1672–1684 Hon. Charles Howard (1630–1713) Col. Bernard Howard (1641–1717) Edward Stourton (1665–1720) 13th Baron Stourton Thomas Stourton (1667–1744) 14th Baron Stourton Charles Stourton (1669–1739) Henry Howard (1655–1701) 7th Duke of Norfolk, 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 5th/7th Earl of Surrey, 2nd Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Mowbray, 19th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall, 1684–1701 Lord Thomas Howard (1662–1689) Henry Charles Howard (d. 1720) Thomas Howard (1683–1732) 8th Duke of Norfolk, 23rd/16th/4th Earl of Arundel, 6th/8th Earl of Surrey, 3rd Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall, 19th Baron Mowbray 1701–1732 Edward Howard (1685–1777) 9th Duke of Norfolk, 24th/17th/5th Earl of Arundel, 7th/9th Earl of Surrey, 4th Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 20th Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1732–1777 Philip Howard (1688–1750) Bernard Howard (1674–1735) Earldom of Norwich (3rd creation) and barony of Howard of Castle Rising extinct and Baronies Furnivall, Mowbray, Segrave, Strange of Blackmere, and Talbot abeyant, 1777 Charles Stourton (1702–1753) 15th Baron Stourton William Stourton (1704–1781) 16th Baron Stourton Winifred Howard (1726–1753) Anne Howard (1742–1787) Charles Howard (1720–1786) 10th Duke of Norfolk, 25th/18th/6th Earl of Arundel, 8th/10th Earl of Surrey 1777–1786 Henry Howard (1713–1787) Charles Philip Stourton (1752–1816) 17th Baron Stourton Charles Howard (1746–1815) 11th Duke of Norfolk, 26th/19th/7th Earl of Arundel, 9th/11th Earl of Surrey 1786–1815 William Stourton (1776–1846) 18th Baron Stourton Bernard Howard (1765–1842) 12th Duke of Norfolk, 27th/20th/8th Earl of Arundel, 10th/12th Earl of Surrey 1815–1842 Charles Stourton (1802–1872) 19th Baron Stourton Henry Howard (1791–1856) 13th Duke of Norfolk, 28th/21st/9th Earl of Arundel, 11th/13th Earl of Surrey 1842–1856 Baron Mowbray and Baron Segrave abeayance restored, 1878 Baron Howard of Glossop Alfred Joseph Stourton (1829–1893) 24th Baron Segrave, 21st/23rd Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Stourton Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard (1815–1860) 14th Duke of Norfolk, 29th/22nd/10th Earl of Arundel, 12th/14th Earl of Surrey 1856–1860 Edward George Fitzalan-Howard (1818–1883) 1st Baron Howard of Glossop Charles Botolph Joseph Stourton (1867–1936) 25th Baron Segrave, 22nd/24th Baron Mowbray, 21st Baron Stourton Henry Fitzalan-Howard (1847–1917) 15th Duke of Norfolk, 30th/23rd/11th Earl of Arundel, 13th/15th Earl of Surrey, Lord Maltravers, Earl of Arundel and Surrey 1860–1917 Francis Fitzalan-Howard (1859–1924) 2nd Baron Howard of Glossop William Marmaduke Stourton (1895–1965) 26th Baron Segrave, 23rd/25th Baron Mowbray, 22nd Baron Stourton Bernard Fitzalan-Howard (1908–1975) 16th Duke of Norfolk, 31st/24th/12th Earl of Arundel, 14th/16th Earl of Surrey 1917–1975 Bernard Fitzalan-Howard (1885–1972) 3rd Baron Howard of Glossop Charles Edward Stourton (1923–2006) 27th Baron Segrave, 24th/26th Baron Mowbray, 23rd Baron Stourton Miles Fitzalan-Howard (1915–2002) 17th Duke of Norfolk, 32nd/25th/13th Earl of Arundel, 15th/17th Earl of Surrey, 4th Baron Howard of Glossop 1975–2002 Edward William Stephen Stourton (1953–2021) 28th Baron Segrave, 25th/27th Baron Mowbray, 24th Baron Stourton Edward Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1956) 18th Duke of Norfolk, 33rd/26th/14th Earl of Arundel, 16th/18th Earl of Surrey, 5th Baron Howard of Glossop from 2002 James Charles Peter Stourton (b. 1991) 29th Baron Segrave, 26th/28th Baron Mowbray, 25th Baron Stourton Henry Fitzalan-Howard (b. 1987) styled Earl of Arundel and Surrey

v t e  Family tree of Royal dukes in the United Kingdom

Includes dukes of: Albany, Albemarle, Bedford, Cambridge, Clarence, Connaught and Strathearn, Cumberland, Edinburgh, Gloucester, Gloucester and Edinburgh, Hereford, Kent, Kintyre and Lorne, Norfolk, Ross, Somerset, Sussex, Windsor, and York, but only when royally. Non-royal dukes are not included; see Royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom. Titles mandated for use by the heir apparent (Duke of Rothesay and the 1337 creation of the Duke of Cornwall) are also not included, see Princes of Wales family tree. Robert II 1316–1390 King Edward III 1312–1377 Duke of Albany (1st creation), 1398 Duke of Clarence (1st creation), 1362 Duke of York (1st creation), 1385 Robert III c. 1337–1406 Robert Stewart c. 1340–1420 1st Duke of Albany Edward the Black Prince 1330–1376 Lionel of Antwerp 1338–1368 Duke of Clarence John of Gaunt 1340–1399 Edmund of Langley 1341–1402 1st Duke of York Dukedom of Clarence (1st creation) extinct, 1368 Duke of Cornwall (2nd creation), 1376 Duke of Hereford, 1397 Duke of Gloucester (1st creation), 1385 Murdoch Stewart c. 1362–1425 2nd Duke of Albany Richard of Bordeaux 1367–1400 Duke of Cornwall, later King Richard II Henry Bolingbroke 1367–1413 Duke of Hereford, later King Henry IV Thomas of Woodstock 1355–1397 Duke of Gloucester Dukedom of Albany (1st creation) forfeit, 1425 Dukedom of Cornwall (2nd creation) merged in the crown, 1377 Dukedom of Hereford merged in the crown, 1399 Dukedom of Gloucester (1st creation) extinct, 1397 Duke of Clarence (2nd creation), 1412 Duke of Bedford (1st & 2nd creations), 1414 Duke of Gloucester (2nd creation), 1414 Duke of Albemarle (Aumale) (1st creation), 1397 Thomas of Lancaster 1387–1421 Duke of Clarence John of Lancaster 1389–1435 Duke of Bedford Surrendered dukedom and then regranted, 1433 Humphrey of Lancaster 1390–1447 Duke of Gloucester John Beaufort 1373–1410 Joan Beaufort c. 1379–1440 Edward of Norwich c. 1373–1415 Duke of Aumale, 2nd Duke of York Richard of Conisburgh 1385–1415 Dukedom of Clarence (2nd creation) extinct, 1421 Dukedom of Bedford (2nd creation) extinct, 1435 Dukedom of Gloucester (2nd creation) extinct, 1447 Dukedom of Albemarle (Aumale) (1st creation) forfeit, 1399 Duke of York (1st creation) restored, 1425 Duke of Cornwall (3rd creation), 1460 James I 1394–1437 Joan Beaufort c. 1404–1445 John Beaufort 1404–1444 Richard Neville 1400–1460 Cecily Neville 1415–1495 Richard of York 1411–1460 3rd Duke of York, Duke of Cornwall Duke of Cornwall (3rd creation) extinct, 1460 Duke of Bedford (5th creation), 1485 Duke of Clarence (3rd creation), 1461 Duke of Gloucester (3rd creation), 1461 James II 1430–1460 Jasper Tudor c. 1431–1495 Duke of Bedford Edmund Tudor c. 1430–1456 Lady Margaret Beaufort 1443–1509 John Neville c. 1431–1471 Elizabeth Woodville c. 1437–1492 Prince Edward 1442–1483 4th Duke of York, later King Edward IV George Plantagenet 1449–1478 Duke of Clarence Richard of York 1452–1485 Duke of Gloucester, later King Richard III Dukedom of Bedford (5th creation) extinct, 1495 Dukedom of York (1st creation) merged in the Crown, 1461 Dukedom of Clarence (3rd creation) forfeit, 1478 Dukedom of Gloucester (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1483 Duke of Albany (2nd creation), 1458 Duke of Bedford (3rd creation), 1470 Duke of York (2nd creation), 1474 Duke of Norfolk (3rd creation), 1477 Duke of Bedford (4th creation), 1478 Alexander Stewart c. 1454–1485 1st Duke of Albany James III 1451/1452–1488 George Neville 1457–1483 Duke of Bedford King Henry VII 1457–1509 Elizabeth of York 1466–1503 Richard of Shrewsbury 1473–1483 Duke of York, Duke of Norfolk George of York 1477–1479 Duke of Bedford Dukedom of Bedford (3rd creation) forfeit, 1478 Dukedom of York (2nd creation) and Dukedom of Norfolk (3rd creation) extinct, 1483 Dukedom of Bedford (4th creation) extinct, 1479 Duke of Ross (1st creation), 1488 Duke of York (3rd creation), 1494 Duke of Somerset (3rd creation), 1499 John Stewart 1482–1536 2nd Duke of Albany James Stewart 1476–1504 Duke of Ross James IV 1473–1513 Margaret Tudor 1489–1541 Prince Henry 1491–1547 Duke of York, later King Henry VIII Edmund Tudor 1499–1500 Duke of Somerset (nominated but probably not invested) Dukedom of Albany (2nd creation) extinct, 1536 Dukedom of Ross (1st creation) extinct, 1504 Dukedom of York (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1509 Dukedom of Somerset (3rd creation) extinct, 1500 Duke of Ross (2nd creation), 1514 James V 1512–1542 Alexander Stewart 1514–1515 Duke of Ross Duke of Albany (3rd creation), 1565 Dukedom of Ross (2nd creation) extinct, 1515 Henry Stuart 1546–1567 1st Duke of Albany Mary, Queen of Scots 1542–1587 Prince James 1566–1625 2nd Duke of Albany, later King James VI & I Dukedom of Albany (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1567 Duke of Albany (4th creation), 1604 Duke of York (4th creation), 1605 Duke of Kintyre and Lorne, 1602 Princess Elizabeth Stuart 1596–1662 Prince Charles 1600–1649 Duke of Albany, Duke of York, later King Charles I Robert Stuart 1602 Duke of Kintyre and Lorne Dukedom of Albany (4th creation), Dukedom of York (4th creation) merged in the Crown, 1625 Dukedom of Kintyre and Lorne extinct, 1602 Duke of York (5th creation) 1644 Duke of Albany (5th creation), 1660 Duke of Gloucester (4th creation), 1659 Sophia of Hanover 1630–1714 James Stuart 1633–1701 Duke of York, Duke of Albany, later King James II Prince Henry 1640–1660 Duke of Gloucester Dukedom of Albany (5th creation) and Dukedom of York (5th creation) merged in the Crown, 1685 Dukedom of Gloucester (4th creation) extinct, 1660 Duke of York and Albany (1st creation), 1716 Duke of Cambridge (1st creation), 1664 Duke of Kendal (1st creation), 1666 Duke of Cambridge (2nd creation), 1667 King George I 1660–1727 Ernest Augustus 1674–1728 Duke of York and Albany Charles Stuart 1660–1661 styled Duke of Cambridge James Stuart 1663–1667 Duke of Cambridge Queen Anne 1665–1714 Charles Stuart 1666–1667 designated Duke of Kendal Edgar Stuart 1667–1671 Duke of Cambridge Charles Stuart 1677 styled Duke of Cambridge Dukedom of York and Albany (1st creation) extinct, 1728 Dukedom of Cambridge (1st creation) extinct, 1667 Dukedom of Kendal (1st creation), extinct, 1667 Dukedom of Cambridge (2nd creation) extinct, 1671 Duke of Cambridge (3rd creation) Prince George 1683–1760 Duke of Cambridge, later King George II Prince William 1689–1700 styled Duke of Gloucester Dukedom of Cambridge (3rd creation) merged with the Crown, 1727 Duke of Edinburgh (1st creation), 1726 Duke of Cumberland (3rd creation), 1726 Prince Frederick Louis 1707–1751 1st Duke of Edinburgh, styled Duke of Gloucester until created Duke of Edinburgh Prince William Augustus 1721–1765 Duke of Cumberland Dukedom of Cumberland (3rd creation) extinct, 1765 Duke of York and Albany (2nd creation), 1760 Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh, 1764 Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn, 1766 Prince George William Frederick 1738–1820 2nd Duke of Edinburgh, later King George III Prince Edward 1739–1767 Duke of York and Albany Prince William Henry 1743–1805 1st Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh Prince Henry 1745–1790 Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn Dukedom of Edinburgh (1st creation), merged in the Crown, 1760 Dukedom of York and Albany (2nd creation) extinct, 1767 Dukedom of Gloucester and Edinburgh unused, 1805–1816 Dukedom of Cumberland and Strathearn extinct, 1790 Duke of York and Albany (3rd creation), 1784 Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, 1789 Duke of Kent and Strathearn, 1799 Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, 1799 Duke of Sussex (1st creation), 1801 Duke of Cambridge (4th creation), 1801 Prince Frederick 1763–1827 Duke of York and Albany Prince William Henry 1765–1837, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, later King William IV Prince Edward 1767–1820 Duke of Kent and Strathearn Ernest Augustus 1771–1851 King of Hanover, 1st Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale Prince Augustus Frederick 1773–1843 Duke of Sussex Prince Adolphus 1774–1850 1st Duke of Cambridge Princess Mary 1776–1857 Prince William Frederick 1776–1834 2nd Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh Dukedom of York and Albany (3rd creation) extinct, 1827 Dukedom of Clarence and St Andrews merged in the Crown, 1830 Dukedom of Kent and Strathearn extinct, 1820 Dukedom of Sussex (1st creation) extinct, 1843 Dukedom of Gloucester and Edinburgh extinct, 1834 Queen Victoria 1819–1901 George V 1819–1878 King of Hanover, 2nd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale Prince George 1819–1904 2nd Duke of Cambridge Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge 1833–1897 Dukedom of Cambridge (4th creation) extinct, 1904 Duke of Edinburgh (2nd creation), 1866 Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, 1874 Duke of Albany (6th creation), 1881 King Edward VII 1841–1910 Prince Ernest Augustus 1845–1923 3rd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale Princess Alice 1843–1878 Prince Alfred Ernest Albert 1844–1900 Duke of Edinburgh Prince Arthur 1850–1942 1st Duke of Connaught and Strathearn Prince Leopold 1853–1884 1st Duke of Albany Dukedom of Cumberland and Teviotdale forfeit, 1919 Dukedom of Edinburgh (2nd creation) extinct, 1900 Duke of Clarence and Avondale, 1890 Duke of York (6th creation), 1892 Prince Albert Victor 1864–1892 Duke of Clarence and Avondale George Frederick Ernest Albert 1865–1936 Duke of York, later King George V Mary of Teck 1867–1953 Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine 1863–1950 Prince Arthur of Connaught 1883–1938 Dukedom of Clarence and Avondale extinct, 1892 Dukedom of York (6th creation) merged in the Crown, 1910 Duke of Windsor, 1937 Duke of York (7th creation), 1920 Duke of Kent (2nd creation), 1934 Duke of Gloucester (5th creation), 1928 King Edward VIII 1894–1972 Later Duke of Windsor Prince Albert Frederick Arthur George 1895–1952 Duke of York, later King George VI Princess Alice of Battenberg 1885–1969 Prince George 1902–1942 1st Duke of Kent Prince Henry 1900–1974 1st Duke of Gloucester Prince Alastair Arthur 1914–1943 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn Prince Charles Edward 1884–1954 2nd Duke of Albany Dukedom of Windsor extinct, 1972 Dukedom of York (7th creation) merged in the Crown, 1936 Dukedom of Connaught and Strathearn extinct, 1943 Dukedom of Albany (6th creation) forfeit, 1919 Duke of Edinburgh (3rd creation), 1947 Queen Elizabeth II 1926–2022 Prince Philip 1921–2021 1st Duke of Edinburgh Prince Edward b. 1935 2nd Duke of Kent Duke of York (8th creation), 1986 Duke of Edinburgh (4th creation), 2023 Prince Charles b. 1948 2nd Duke of Edinburgh, later King Charles III Prince Andrew b. 1960 Duke of York Prince Edward b. 1964 Duke of Edinburgh George Windsor b. 1962 Prince Richard b. 1944 2nd Duke of Gloucester Dukedom of Edinburgh (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 2022 No male heirs Dukedom of Edinburgh (4th creation) is a life peerage and therefore not hereditary Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Kent Duke of Cambridge (5th creation), 2011 Duke of Sussex (2nd creation), 2018 Prince William b. 1982 Duke of Cambridge Prince Harry Duke of Sussex b. 1984 Edward Windsor b. 1988 Alexander Windsor b. 1974 Heir-apparent to the Dukedom of Gloucester Prince George of Wales b. 2013 Prince Archie of Sussex b. 2019 Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Cambridge Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Sussex

See also

• Duchess of Norfolk
• Baron Howard of Penrith
• Norfolk Herald Extraordinary
• Viscount FitzAlan of Derwent

References

Further reading

• Robinson, John Martin. The Dukes of Norfolk: A Quincentennial History. Oxford University Press, 1982.

External links

• The River Adur (land ownership, Norfolk Bridge, etc.)
• Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Norfolk, Earls and Dukes of" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 742–744.
• Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Catholic Dukes of Norfolk" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.