Earl of Arundel

Oldest extant English peerage

  • c.1138 (first creation)
  • 1289 ( possible second creation)
Created by
PeeragePeerage of EnglandFirst holderWilliam d'AubignyPresent holderEdward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of NorfolkHeir apparentHenry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of ArundelStatusExtantSeat(s)
  • Arundel Castle
  • Carlton Towers
Arundel Castle in Sussex, much rebuilt in modern times, the principal seat of the Howard family, Dukes of Norfolk, Earls of Arundel and of Surrey, etc
Arms of d'Aubigny, Earls of Arundel, as blazoned in Charles's roll of arms (13th century), for Hugh d'Aubigny, 5th Earl of Arundel (d.1243): Gules, a lion rampant or.[citation needed] These arms were adopted by the family of FitzAlan, successors in the earldom of Arundel; They were recorded as the arms of Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel (1266–1302), in the Falkirk Roll, Glover's Roll and in the Caerlaverock Poem (1300). They are today shown in the 4th quarter of the arms of the Duke of Norfolk, of the family of Fitz-Alan Howard,[1] who holds the subsidiary title Earl of Arundel

Earl of Arundel is a title of nobility in England, and one of the oldest extant in the English peerage. It is currently held by the Duke of Norfolk, and it is used (along with the earldom of Surrey) by his heir apparent as a courtesy title.

History

The earldom was created in 1138 or 1139[2] for the French baron William d'Aubigny. Its origin was the earlier grant by Henry I to his second wife, Adeliza of Louvain, of the forfeited honour of Arundel, which included the castle and a large portion of Sussex. After his death, she married William, who thus became master of the lands, and who from about the year 1141 is variously styled earl of Sussex, of Chichester, or of Arundel. His first known appearance as an earl is at Christmas 1141.[3] Until the mid-13th century, the earls were also frequently known as Earl of Sussex, until this title fell into disuse. At about the same time, the earldom fell to the originally Breton FitzAlan family, a younger branch of which went on to become the Stuart family, which later ruled Scotland and England.

A tradition arose that the holder of Arundel Castle should automatically be Earl of Arundel, and this was formally confirmed by King Henry VI. An Act of Parliament in 1627 confirmed this designation, and retrospectively applied the earldom to the lords of Arundel, some authorities holding that the earldom stretched back to the reign of Richard I (specifically 1189).[4] However, this designation was not always followed. Some of the lords of Arundel were never addressed as earls during their lifetimes, but nevertheless are counted and numbered as earls here. Other sources may not include some of the earls listed below, and may consider the earldom to have been created more than once.

In his 1834 book on the earls of Arundel, M. A. Tierney (chaplain to the duke of Norfolk) maintains that the first incarnation of the earldom was with the House of Montgomery. Roger of Montgomery, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury was one of William the Conqueror's top generals, and William bestowed on him, amongst several hundred other manors, the property at Arundel, with the charge to fortify it with a castle. Montgomery is believed to have built the motte that survives to this day, and is thought to have built a wooden keep on it, overlooking the river Arun. Montgomery and two of his sons are counted by many as being the first incarnation of the earldom, but are often not counted amongst the earls.

In 1580 the 12th Earl, and last FitzAlan to hold the title, died without a male heir. His daughter Mary FitzAlan had married the attainted 4th Duke of Norfolk, and the title passed to their son, Philip Howard, before he too was attainted for treason in 1589.[5] The earldom of Arundel was restored to his son Thomas following the accession of King James I.[6] The 5th Earl of Arundel, the 5th Howard to hold the title, was restored to the principal Howard title of Duke of Norfolk in 1660,[7] and the title has descended with that dukedom ever since.

In 1842, by royal warrant, Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 14th Duke of Norfolk and 13th Earl of Arundel, and his siblings, assumed the surname FitzAlan-Howard, used by the family line to today.[8]

First creation (c. 1138)

Second creation (1289)

Third creation (1580)

Thereafter the earldom of Arundel has been held by the dukes of Norfolk. The 18th Duke of Norfolk (18th earl) is the current holder.

The heir apparent is Henry Fitzalan-Howard, Earl of Arundel and Surrey (b. 1987). Next in line of succession are Arundel's brothers, Lords Thomas and Philip Fitzalan-Howard.

Family tree

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 Family tree of the Dukes of Norfolk; Earls of Arundel, East Anglia, Norfolk, Norwich, Nottingham, and Surrey; and Barons Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton
Earl of East Anglia
(Earls of Norfolk and Suffolk)
(1st creation), before 1069
Ralph the Staller
(c. 1011–1068)
1st Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, or of the East Angles c. 1066/67–1068
Ralph de Gael
(c. 1040 – c. 1096)
2nd Earl of Norfolk and Suffolk, or of the East Angles until 1074
Earldom forfeit, 1074Earl of Norfolk (2nd creation), 1141
Hugh Bigod
(1095–1177)
1st Earl of Norfolk 1141–1177
Roger Bigod
(c. 1144/1150–1221)
2nd Earl of Norfolk 1189–1221 (disputed 1177–1189)
Hugh Bigod
(1186–1225)
3rd Earl of Norfolk 1221–1225
Baron Segrave of Se(a)grave, 1283
Nicholas Segrave
(c. 1238–bef. 1295)
1st Baron Segrave		Roger Bigod
(c. 1209–1270)
4th Earl of Norfolk 1233–1270		Hugh Bigod
(c. 1211–1266)
Baron Mowbray, 1283
John Segrave
(c. 1256–1325)
2nd Baron Segrave		King Edward I
(1239–1307)		Roger de Mowbray
(1254–1297)
1st Baron Mowbray		Roger Bigod
(c. 1245–1306)
5th Earl of Norfolk 1270–1306
Earldom extinct, 1270
Earl of Norfolk (3rd creation), 1312
Stephen Segrave
(d. 1325)
3rd Baron Segrave		Thomas of Brotherton
(1300–1338)
1st Earl of Norfolk 1312–1338		John Mowbray
(1286–1322)
2nd Baron Mowbray
John Segrave
(1315–1353)
4th Baron Segrave		Margaret of Brotherton
(1320–1399)
2nd Countess of Norfolk 1338–1399, Duchess of Norfolk "for life" 1397–1399		John Mowbray
(1310–1361)
3rd Baron Mowbray
Elizabeth de Segrave
(1338–1368)
5th Baroness Segrave		John de Mowbray
(1340–1368)
4th Baron Mowbray
Earl of Nottingham (1st creation), 1377Earl of Nottingham (2nd creation), 1383
Duke of Norfolk (1st creation), 1397
John de Mowbray
(1365–1383)
1st Earl of Nottingham, 6th Baron Segrave, 5th Baron Mowbray		Thomas de Mowbray
(1366–1399)
1st Duke of Norfolk 1397–1399, 3rd Earl of Norfolk 1399, 7th Baron Segrave, 6th Baron Mowbray
Earldom of Nottingham extinct, 1383Titles forfeit, 1399
Baron Stourton, 1448Duke of Norfolk (1st creation restored), 1425
John Stourton
(1400–1462)
1st Baron Stourton, 1448–1462		Thomas de Mowbray
(1385–1405)
4th Earl of Norfolk, 8th Baron Segrave, 7th Baron Mowbray 1399–1405		John de Mowbray
(1392–1432)
2nd Duke of Norfolk 1425–1432, 5th Earl of Norfolk, 9th Baron Segrave, 8th Baron Mowbray 1405–1432		Margaret de Mowbray
(c. 1388–1459)		Robert Howard
(1385–1436)		Isabel de Mowbray
(c. 1400–1452)		James Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley
(c. 1394–1463)
Duke of Norfolk (4th creation), 1483
William Stourton
(before 1426–1478)
2nd Baron Stourton, 1462–1478		John de Mowbray
(1415–1461)
3rd Duke of Norfolk, 6th Earl of Norfolk, 10th Baron Segrave, 9th Baron Mowbray 1432–1461		John Howard
(1425–1485)
1st Duke of Norfolk, 13th Baron Segrave, 12th Baron Mowbray 1483–1485
Titles forfeit, 1485
Earl of Surrey and Warenne (2nd creation), 1451Duke of Norfolk (4th creation) restored and Earl of Surrey, 1514
John Stourton
(c. 1454–1485)
3rd Baron Stourton, 1479–1485		William Stourton
(c. 1457–1524)
5th Baron Stourton, 1487–1524		John de Mowbray
(1444–1476)
4th Duke of Norfolk, 7th Earl of Norfolk, Earl of Surrey and Warenne, 11th Baron Segrave, 10th Baron Mowbray 1461–1476		King Edward IV
(1442–1483)		Thomas Howard
(1443–1524)
2nd Duke of Norfolk, 1st Earl of Surrey 1514–1524
Dukedom of Norfolk, Earldom of Nottingham, Earldom of Surrey and Warenne extinct, 1476
Duke of Norfolk (3rd creation), Earl of Nottingham (3rd creation), and Earl of Warenne, 1477
Francis Stourton
(1485–1487)
4th Baron Stourton, 1485–1487		Edward Stourton
(1463–1535)
6th Baron Stourton, 1524–1535		Anne de Mowbray
(1472–1481)
8th Countess of Norfolk, 12th Baroness Segrave, 11th Baroness Mowbray 1476–1481		Richard of Shrewsbury
(1473–1483)
Duke of York, Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Nottingham, Earl of Warenne 1477–1483		Anne of York
(1475–1511)		Thomas Howard
(1473–1554)
3rd Duke of Norfolk, 2nd Earl of Surrey 1524–1554		Edmund Howard
(c. 1478–1539)		Elizabeth Boleyn
(c. 1480–1538)
Earldom of Norfolk extinct and Baronies Segrave and Mowbray in abeyance, 1481Dukedom of Norfolk, Earldom of Nottingham, Earldom of Warenne extinct, 1483Attainted, 1547
Restored, 1553
William Stourton
(c. 1505–1548)
7th Baron Stourton		Earl of Nottingham (5th creation), 1525King Henry VIII
(1491–1547)		Anne Boleyn
(c. 1501 or 1507–1536)
Charles Stourton
(c. 1520–1557)
8th Baron Stourton		Henry Howard
(1517–1547)
styled Earl of Surrey		Thomas Howard
(c. 1520–1582)
Viscount Howard of Bindon		Mary FitzRoy
(1519–1557)		Henry FitzRoy
(1519–1536)
Duke of Richmond and Somerset, Earl of Nottingham		Catherine Howard
(c. 1524–1542)
Earldom of Nottingham extinct, 1536
Thomas Howard
(1536–1572)
4th Duke of Norfolk, 3rd Earl of Surrey, 13th Baron Mowbray 1554–1572		Henry Howard
(1540–1614)
Earl of Northampton		Queen Elizabeth I
(1533–1603)
Dukedom (3rd creation) forfeit, 1572
Earl of Arundel (3rd creation), 1580Earl of Suffolk (4th creation), 1603
John Stourton
(1553–1588)
9th Baron Stourton		Edward Stourton
(c. 1555–1633)
10th Baron Stourton		Philip Howard
(1557–1595)
20th/13th/1st Earl of Arundel, styled Earl of Surrey		Thomas Howard
(1561–1626)
Earl of Suffolk		Lord William Howard
(1563–1640)
Earldom of Arundel and Barony Mowbray attainted, 1589see Earls, Marquesses, and Dukes of Suffolk family tree
Earl of Arundel (3rd creation) and Barony Mowbray restored, 1604
Earl of Norfolk (5th creation), 1644
William Stourton
(c. 1594–1672)
11th Baron Stourton		Thomas Howard
(1585–1646)
21st/14th/2nd Earl of Arundel, 2nd/4th Earl of Surrey, 1st Earl of Norfolk, 14th Baron Mowbray 1644–1646
see Earls of Shrewsbury family tree
Edward Stourton
(1617–1644)		Henry Frederick Howard
(1608–1652)
22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 3rd/5th Earl of Surrey, 2nd Earl of Norfolk, 15th Baron Mowbray 1646–1652		Alethea Howard
1585–1654
17th Baroness Strange of Blackmere, 14th Baroness Talbot, 13th Baroness Furnivall
Duke of Norfolk (4th creation restored), 1660Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 1669
Earl of Norwich (3rd creation), 1672
William Stourton
(d. 1685)
12th Baron Stourton		Thomas Howard
(1627–1677)
5th Duke of Norfolk, 21st/14th/2nd Earl of Arundel, 4th/6th Earl of Surrey, 16th Baron Mowbray 1660–1677
18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1654–1677		Henry Howard
(1628–1684)
6th Duke of Norfolk, 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 5th/7th Earl of Surrey, 1st Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 17th Baron Mowbray, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1672–1684		Hon. Charles Howard
(1630–1713)		Col. Bernard Howard
(1641–1717)
Edward Stourton
(1665–1720)
13th Baron Stourton		Thomas Stourton
(1667–1744)
14th Baron Stourton		Charles Stourton
(1669–1739)		Henry Howard
(1655–1701)
7th Duke of Norfolk, 22nd/15th/3rd Earl of Arundel, 5th/7th Earl of Surrey, 2nd Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Mowbray, 19th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall, 1684–1701		Lord Thomas Howard
(1662–1689)		Henry Charles Howard
(d. 1720)
Thomas Howard
(1683–1732)
8th Duke of Norfolk, 23rd/16th/4th Earl of Arundel, 6th/8th Earl of Surrey, 3rd Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 18th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall, 19th Baron Mowbray 1701–1732		Edward Howard
(1685–1777)
9th Duke of Norfolk, 24th/17th/5th Earl of Arundel, 7th/9th Earl of Surrey, 4th Earl of Norwich and Baron Howard of Castle Rising, 20th Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Strange of Blackmere, 15th Baron Talbot, 14th Baron Furnivall 1732–1777		Philip Howard
(1688–1750)		Bernard Howard
(1674–1735)
Earldom of Norwich (3rd creation) and barony of Howard of Castle Rising extinct and Baronies Furnivall, Mowbray, Segrave, Strange of Blackmere, and Talbot abeyant, 1777
Charles Stourton
(1702–1753)
15th Baron Stourton		William Stourton
(1704–1781)
16th Baron Stourton		Winifred Howard
(1726–1753)		Anne Howard
(1742–1787)		Charles Howard
(1720–1786)
10th Duke of Norfolk, 25th/18th/6th Earl of Arundel, 8th/10th Earl of Surrey 1777–1786		Henry Howard
(1713–1787)
Charles Philip Stourton
(1752–1816)
17th Baron Stourton		Charles Howard
(1746–1815)
11th Duke of Norfolk, 26th/19th/7th Earl of Arundel, 9th/11th Earl of Surrey 1786–1815
William Stourton
(1776–1846)
18th Baron Stourton		Bernard Howard
(1765–1842)
12th Duke of Norfolk, 27th/20th/8th Earl of Arundel, 10th/12th Earl of Surrey 1815–1842
Charles Stourton
(1802–1872)
19th Baron Stourton		Henry Howard
(1791–1856)
13th Duke of Norfolk, 28th/21st/9th Earl of Arundel, 11th/13th Earl of Surrey 1842–1856
Baron Mowbray and Baron Segrave abeayance restored, 1878Baron Howard of Glossop
Alfred Joseph Stourton
(1829–1893)
24th Baron Segrave, 21st/23rd Baron Mowbray, 20th Baron Stourton		Henry Granville Fitzalan-Howard
(1815–1860)
14th Duke of Norfolk, 29th/22nd/10th Earl of Arundel, 12th/14th Earl of Surrey 1856–1860		Edward George Fitzalan-Howard
(1818–1883)
1st Baron Howard of Glossop
Charles Botolph Joseph Stourton
(1867–1936)
25th Baron Segrave, 22nd/24th Baron Mowbray, 21st Baron Stourton		Henry Fitzalan-Howard
(1847–1917)
15th Duke of Norfolk, 30th/23rd/11th Earl of Arundel, 13th/15th Earl of Surrey, Lord Maltravers, Earl of Arundel and Surrey 1860–1917		Francis Fitzalan-Howard
(1859–1924)
2nd Baron Howard of Glossop
William Marmaduke Stourton
(1895–1965)
26th Baron Segrave, 23rd/25th Baron Mowbray, 22nd Baron Stourton		Bernard Fitzalan-Howard
(1908–1975)
16th Duke of Norfolk, 31st/24th/12th Earl of Arundel, 14th/16th Earl of Surrey 1917–1975		Bernard Fitzalan-Howard
(1885–1972)
3rd Baron Howard of Glossop
Charles Edward Stourton
(1923–2006)
27th Baron Segrave, 24th/26th Baron Mowbray, 23rd Baron Stourton		Miles Fitzalan-Howard
(1915–2002)
17th Duke of Norfolk, 32nd/25th/13th Earl of Arundel, 15th/17th Earl of Surrey, 4th Baron Howard of Glossop 1975–2002
Edward William Stephen Stourton
(1953–2021)
28th Baron Segrave, 25th/27th Baron Mowbray, 24th Baron Stourton		Edward Fitzalan-Howard
(b. 1956)
18th Duke of Norfolk, 33rd/26th/14th Earl of Arundel, 16th/18th Earl of Surrey, 5th Baron Howard of Glossop from 2002
James Charles Peter Stourton
(b. 1991)
29th Baron Segrave, 26th/28th Baron Mowbray, 25th Baron Stourton		Henry Fitzalan-Howard
(b. 1987)
styled Earl of Arundel and Surrey

Footnotes

  1. ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.833
  2. ^ Cokayne & Gibbs 1910, pp. 233–234.
  3. ^ a b Round 1911, p. 705.
  4. ^ "The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom: extant, extinct, or dormant". pp. Volume 1, p. 239 and footnote b on p. 231, as corrected by Vol. 14, p. 38. Retrieved 10 May 2013.
  5. ^ Cokayne & Gibbs 1910, pp. 252–253.
  6. ^ Round 1911, p. 706.
  7. ^ cracoftspeerage.co.uk 5th Duke of Norfolk Archived 23 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ cracoftspeerage.co.uk 14th Duke of Norfolk Archived 23 August 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ Suppe, Frederick (2004). "Fitzalan, John (II) (1223–1267), baron". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/9531. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  10. ^ a b Fryde et al. 1996, p. 449.
  11. ^ Cokayne & Gibbs 1910, p. 240.
  12. ^ Cokayne & Gibbs 1910, pp. 240–241.
  13. ^ Tout, T.F. & Saul, Nigel (2004). "Fitzalan, Richard, first earl of Arundel (1267–1302), magnate and soldier". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/9533. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

References

  • Cokayne, G.E. & Gibbs, Vicary, eds. (1910). "Arundel". The Complete Peerage. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). London: St. Catherine Press.
  • Fryde, E.B.; D.E. Greenway; S. Porter & I. Roy, eds. (1996) [1941]. Handbook of British Chronology (corrected 3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-56350-5.
  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Round, John Horace (1911). "Arundel, Earldom of". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 705–706.