Edwin Sandys (bishop)

Archbishop of York (1519 –1588)

The Most Reverend Edwin Sandys
Archbishop of York
As bishop of London, 1571
Installed	1576
Term ended	1588
Predecessor	Edmund Grindal
Successor	John Piers
Other post(s)	Bishop of Worcester (1559–1570) Bishop of London (1570–1576)
Personal details
Born	c. 1519 Esthwaite Hall
Died	(1588-07-10)10 July 1588
Buried	Southwell Minster
Spouse	Mary Sandys Cecily Wilford
Alma mater	St John's College, Cambridge

Edwin Sandys (/ˈsændz/; 1519 – 10 July 1588) was an English prelate. He was Anglican Bishop of Worcester (1559–1570), London (1570–1576) and Archbishop of York (1576–1588) during the reign of Elizabeth I of England. He was one of the translators of the Bishops' Bible.

Early years and education

Edwin was born in 1519 at Esthwaite Hall, which is 1 mile south of Hawkshead, Cumbria, on the road to Newby Bridge. The Hall nestles in the valley and overlooks Esthwaite Water. Today it is still a family home, although the Sandys family now reside in the grander Graythwaite Hall, a few miles further south. He was the son of William Sandys and Margaret Dixon.

Whilst there is a theory that young Edwin received his early education at Furness Abbey, it is believed by Collinson^[1] that both Edmund Grindal and Edwin Sandys shared a childhood, quite probably in St Bees, and were educated together. A branch of the Sandys family lived at Rottington Hall near St Bees. The heralds in 1563 knew the family as"...of St Bees in the County of Cumberland", and Sandys himself recalled that he and Grindal had lived "familiarly" and "as brothers" and were only separated between Sandys's 13th and 18th Years. The St Bees registers are full of Sandys, and it thought likely that Sandys grew up at Rottington. However, his place of education is not recorded, though it is known that the Marian martyr John Bland was the schoolmaster of Sandys.^[1] Edwin Sandys kept one step behind Edmund Grindal in his subsequent career, succeeding him as bishop of London, and then archbishop of York.^[1]

He went up to St John's College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1539 and then a Doctor of Divinity ten years later.^[2] In 1547 he was elected master of Catharine Hall and by the death of Edward VI in 1553 he was Vice Chancellor of the university.

Exile

On the death of King Edward, the Duke of Northumberland sought to avoid a Roman Catholic monarchy by placing Lady Jane Grey on the throne. He and his followers arrived in Cambridge to raise an army in East Anglia and demanded that Edwin Sandys preach a sermon. When the rebellion failed and Mary Tudor took the throne, Edwin was arrested and taken to the Tower of London. For this he is mentioned in Foxe's Book of Martyrs.^[3] Later he was moved to more comfortable conditions in Marshalsea prison where he made friends with the prison keeper who connived at his escape.

He went first to Antwerp and then Augsburg and Strasbourg where his wife joined him. His wife and infant son died there of a plague. He then lived in Zürich until the accession of Elizabeth I made it safe for him to return to England; on the day of Elizabeth's coronation. On 19 February 1559 he married Cicely Wilford, sister of James Wilford.

Archbishop of York

On his return he became successively Bishop of Worcester, Bishop of London and Archbishop of York. He helped in the translation of a new version of the Bishops' Bible. Sandys's own personal copy may be seen in the Hawkshead Grammar School Museum in Cumbria.

Along with other Marian exiles, who returned to positions of wealth and importance, Archbishop Sandys was concerned that true religion and sound learning would forever flourish in the land. They saw the necessity of education for religion's sake and the need for the Church of England to hold their own in discussion with Roman Catholics. To these ends Edwin Sandys founded Hawkshead Grammar School in 1585 and endowed it with sufficient land and property for it to offer a free education.

Sandys died on 10 July 1588, and was buried in Southwell Minster in Nottinghamshire.

Family

Sandys was twice married. His first wife, Mary Sandys, died in 1558 at Strasbourg. They had one son:^[4]

James Sandys (died 1557, Strasbourg)

On 19 February 1559, Sandys married Cicely Wilford, daughter of Thomas Wilford and sister of James Wilford. They had the following children:^[4]

Sir Samuel Sandys MP JP (1560–1623)
Sir Edwin Sandys MP (1561–1629), Treasurer of the Virginia Company of London
Sir Miles Sandys Bt MP (1563–1645)
William Sandys (born 1565), died young
Margaret Sandys (1566–1611), married Anthony Aucher
Thomas Sandys (1568–c. 1634), colonist, a first settler of Jamestown, Virginia
Anne Sandys (1570–c. 1629), married Sir William Barne
Henry Sandys (1572–1626)
George Sandys (1578–1644), traveller and poet, colonist in Virginia

In 1604 Cicely Sandys enlisted the support of Anne of Denmark in an unsuccessful attempt to found a university at Ripon in Yorkshire.^[5]

Family tree of Edwin Sandys, Archbishop of York

William Sandys

Edwin Sandys
(1519–1588)
Archbishop of York

Miles Sandys MP
(c. 1520–1601)

Baronet, 1611

Samuel Sandys MP
(1560–1623)

Edwin Sandys MP
(1561–1629)

also James, William
Margaret (Aucher)
Thomas, Henry

Miles Sandys Bt MP
(1563–1645)

Anne Sandys
(1570–c. 1629)
m. William Barne

George Sandys
(1578–1644)
poet

Edwin Sandys MP
(c. 1564–1608)
m. Elizabeth, dau. of
William, 3rd Baron Sandys

William Sandys
(1565–1641)

Edwin Sandys MP
(1591–1623)

Henry Sandys MP
(c. 1607–1640)

Edwin Sandys
(d. 1642)
killed in Civil War

Miles Sandys Bt
(d. 1654)

Anne Barne
(1587–1633)
m(1) William Lovelace
m(2) Jonathan Browne

Henry Sandys
5th Baron Sandys
(d. 1644)
killed in Civil War
m. Jane, dau. of
William Sandys

Miles Sandys MP
(c. 1601–1636)

William Sandys MP
(c. 1607–1669)
"Waterworks"

Samuel Sandys MP
(1615–1685)

Richard Sandys
(d. 1669)

Richard Lovelace
(1617–1657)
poet

Francis Lovelace
(c. 1621–1675)
Govr. of New York

William, 6th Baron
Henry, 7th Baron
Edwin, 8th Baron

Baronet, 1684

Samuel Sandys MP
(c. 1637–1701)

Richard Sandys Bt
(1670–1726)

James Madison
U.S. President

Edwin Sandys MP
(1659–1699)

Baron Sandys, 1743

Samuel Sandys
1st Baron Sandys
(1695–1770)
Chancellor of the Exchequer

Edwin Sandys
2nd Baron Sandys
(1726–1797)

Martin Sandys
(1729–1768)

Baron Sandys, 1802

Mary Sandys
1st Baroness Sandys
(1764–1836)
m. Arthur Hill, 2nd
Marquess of Downshire

Marquesses of Downshire
Barons Sandys

Disambiguation pages: Edwin Sandys · Henry Sandys · Miles Sandys · Samuel Sandys
See also: Marquesses of Downshire family tree

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Edwin Sandys.

^ ^a ^b ^c Patrick Collinson – "Archbishop Grindal 1519–1583 The struggle for a reformed church" 1979 ISBN 0-224-01703-9
^ "Sandys, Edwin (SNDS519E)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ Foxe J, Actes and Monuments of these Latter and Perillous Days, Touching Matters of the Church' (Foxe's Book of Martyrs)
^ ^a ^b "Edwin Sandys (Archbishop of York)". Tudor Place. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
^ Francis Peck, Desiderata Curiosa, vol. 1 (London, 1779), p. 290.

Archbold, W. A. J. (1897). "Sandys, Edwin (1516?-1588)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 50. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

Academic offices
Preceded by Reginald Bainbrigge	Master of St Catharine's College, Cambridge 1547–1554	Succeeded by Edmund Cosyn
Preceded by Edward Hawford	Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University 1552–1553	Succeeded by John Young
Church of England titles
Preceded by Richard Pate	Bishop of Worcester 1559–1570	Succeeded by Nicholas Bullingham
Preceded by Edmund Grindal	Bishop of London 1570–1576	Succeeded by John Aylmer
Preceded by Edmund Grindal	Archbishop of York 1577–1588	Succeeded by John Piers

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Edwin Sandys (bishop)

Early years and education

Exile

Archbishop of York

Family

References

External links

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