Fortress of Kambambe

The Fortress of Kambambe (or Cambambe; Portuguese: Fortaleza de Cambambe) is a historic stronghold built by Portuguese colonialists on the east bank of the Cuanza River in Cambambe, Province of Cuanza Norte Province, Angola.[1]

History

The Fortress of Kambambe was constructed in 1604 by governor João de Lencastre as a point of support to the conquest and penetration of Angolan territory through the Cuanza River. The date of construction was 1604, or 1691 according to the pediment over the entrance door. The occupation of Cambambe was very costly to Portugal on account of resistance offered by the natives to the foreign authority. Besides enforcing the armed presence of Portugal, the fortress was used for the storage of prisoners and goods awaiting shipment to the Americas. Cambambe was an important center for illegal activity and the slave trade. From here, the Portuguese organized attacks on nearby villages to capture slaves. The Fortress of Kambambe was classified as National Monument by Provincial Decree Number 67, dated May 30, 1925. Later it fell into ruins and is a state property. The Angola Ministry of Culture currently has responsibility for its maintenance and preservation[2][3]

Design

The Fortress of Kambambe was built in the shape of a square with bastions at the four corners and an emblazoned entranceway along baroque lines, according to the model of 17th century military art. The pediment of the entrance gate is marked with the date 1691 and topped by a coat of arms. Originally it was protected by artillery pieces of bronze and iron.[3]

World Heritage Status

The Fortress of Kambambe was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site Tentative List on November 22, 1996 in the Cultural category.

References

  1. ^ Welch, Sidney R. (1950), Portuguese Rule and Spanish Crown in South Africa, 1581-1640, Cape Town: Juta.
  2. ^ Fortress of Kambambe - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
  3. ^ a b Freudenthal,Aida. Fortress: Kambambe, Cambambe, Kwanza, Angola. October 11, 2012.

Images

Fortress: Kambambe, Cambambe, Kwanza, Angola.

9°44′32.36″S 14°29′15.14″E / 9.7423222°S 14.4875389°E / -9.7423222; 14.4875389

  • v
  • t
  • e
Forts and fortresses of the Portuguese Empire
Africa
North Africa
  • Ceuta (Spain)
  • Alcácer Ceguer (Morocco)
  • Arzila (Morocco)
  • Tangier (Morocco)
  • Graciosa (Morocco)
  • Mazagan (Morocco)
  • Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Morocco)
  • Castelo Real (Morocco)
  • Safim (Morocco)
  • Azamor (Morocco)
  • Aguz (Morocco)
  • Arguin Fort (Mauritania)
Gold Coast
  • Santiago (Ghana)
  • Santo António (Ghana)
  • São Francisco Xavier (Ghana)
  • São João Baptista (Benin)
  • São Jorge (Ghana)
  • São Sebastião (Ghana)
São Tomé and
Príncipe
  • Santo António
  • São Jerónimo
  • São Sebastião
Cape Verde
  • D'El-Rei
  • Duque de Bragança
  • Principe Real
  • São Filipe
  • São José
Guinea-Bissau
Angola
East Africa
  • Jesus (Kenya)
  • Santiago (Tanzania)
Mozambique
  • Manica Fort
  • Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Inhambane
  • Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Lourenço Marques
  • Princesa Amélia
  • Santo António
  • São Caetano
  • São João Baptista
  • São José de Mossuril
  • São José do Ibo
  • São Lourenço
  • São Marçal
  • São Miguel
  • São Sebastião
  • São Tiago Maior
  • Quelimane Fort
America
Brazil
  • Nossa Senhora do Monserrate
  • Nossa Senhora da Assunção
  • Nossa Senhora da Conceição
  • Nossa Senhora dos Prazeres
  • Nossa Senhora dos Remédios
  • Presépio
  • Príncipe da Beira
  • Reis Magos
  • Santa Cruz da Barra
  • Santa Cruz de Anhatomirim
  • Santa Cruz de Itamaracá
  • Santa Cruz do Paraguaçu
  • São João
  • São José da Ponta Grossa
  • São José de Macapá
  • Nossa Senhora dos Remédios
  • Santa Catarina
  • Santa Maria
  • Santo António Além do Carmo
  • Santo António da Barra
  • Santo Inácio de Tamandaré
  • São Diogo
  • São Domingos de Gragoatá
  • São João Baptista do Brum
  • São João da Bertioga
  • São Lourenço
  • São Luís
  • São Marcelo
  • São Mateus do Cabo Frio
  • São Tiago das Cinco Pontas
Uruguay
Asia
Arabia & Iran
India
Goa
Sri Lanka
Myanmar
  • Santiago
Malaysia
Indonesia
  • Nossa Senhora da Anunciada
  • Nossa Senhora da Piedade
  • Pasai Fort
  • Reis Magos
  • São Domingos
  • São João Baptista
Timor-Leste
Macau
Portuguese name in italics and geographical location (between parenthesis)