Fossils of Egypt

Egypt has many fossil-bearing geologic formations, in which many dinosaurs have been discovered.

Scientists

Ernst Stromer
Richard Markgraf, early 1900s, (he died in Sinnuris of Giza in 1916)
A. B. Orlebar, Fayoum 1845
George Schweinfurth, Geziret al-Qarn in Lake Qarun 1879 & Qasr al-Sagha Formation ancient whale fossils named Zeuglodom osiris.
Hugh Beadnell, Fayoum 1898
Charles Andrews, 1901, they unearthed a wealth of fossils Palaeomastodon, the oldest known elephant
Eberhard Frass, Fayoum 1905
Walter Granger & Henry F. Osborn, Fayoum 1907
Wendell Phillips, 1947
Elwyn L. Simons, Fayoum 1961–1986
Thomas M. Bown and David Tab Rasmussen, 1980s

Fossils

Petrified Wood

Fayoum, Petrified wood protectorate in New-Cairo Area/ Cairo-Suez desert road & entire Western Desert of Egypt is covered in Petrified wood.

This is one of the clues that the region was a tropical climate. The petrified wood is very diverse and many samples are very beautiful, often actually littering the ground in certain areas.

Reptiles

Turtle fossils in Fayoum
- Testudo ammon, a large land tortoise
- Podocnemis blanckenhorni river turtle
- Stereogenys pelomedusa tropical land turtles
Gigantic snake fossils found in the Qasr al-Sagha Formation.
- Gigantophis
- Pterosphernus
Tomistoma, a crocodile type animal.

Birds

The area of Uganda bordering Lake Victoria and the upper Nile River area is not unlike the climate of the Fayoum long ago, where many bird fossils have been discovered.

ospreys (Pandionidae)
Gigantic shoebilled stork (Balaenicipitidae)
jacanas, sometimes called lily-trotters (Jacanidae)
herons, egrets, rails (Rallidae)
cranes (Gruidae)
flamingos (Phoenicopteridae)
storks (Ciconiidae)
cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae)
An ancient eagle named Accipitridae

Mammals

large Hyrax (Megalohyrax oecaenus)
Elephants
mastodons
Fayoum's whale or Zeuglodon or more precisely the Basilosaurus in Fayoum's Wadi Zeuglodon (or wadi al-Hitan, Whale Valley)
Another whale in Wadi Zeuglodon is the Dorudon
Primitive whale from Fayum Depression Phiomicetus
Arsinoitherium, a rhinoceros like animal with two horns
- Arsinoitherium zitteli
- Arsinoitherium andrewsi
Elephants (mastodons) in Fayoum
- Moeritherium in Fayoum, and in Wadi El Natrun
- Palaeomastodon
- Phioma
Apterodon
Pterodon
Hyaenodon
Sirenia (Sea Cow)

Primates

The Fayoum primates

The Lower sequence primates
- Oligopithecus savagei
- Qatrania wingi
The upper sequence primates
- Catopithecus browni
- Proteopitheus sylvia
- Oligopithecus
- Apidium moustafai
- Apidium phiomense
Parapithecus fraasi
Parapithecus grangeri
Aegyptopithecus zeuxis
Propliopithecus, (P. chirobates, P. ankeli, P. haeckeli and P. markgrafi)

Dinosaurs

External links

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