Foville's syndrome

Medical condition

Foville's syndrome

Pons
Specialty	Neurology

Foville's syndrome is caused by the blockage of the perforating branches of the basilar artery in the region of the brainstem known as the pons.^[1] It is most frequently caused by lesions such as vascular disease and tumors involving the dorsal pons.

Structures affected by the lesion are the dorsal pons (pontine tegmentum) which comprises paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF), nuclei of cranial nerves VI and VII, corticospinal tract, medial lemniscus, and the medial longitudinal fasciculus. There is involvement of the fifth to eighth cranial nerves, central sympathetic fibres (Horner syndrome) and horizontal gaze palsy.^{[citation needed]}

Presentation

This produces ipsilateral horizontal gaze palsy and facial nerve palsy and contralateral hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia.^{[citation needed]}

Diagnosis

Treatment

History

Foville's syndrome was initially described by Achille-Louis Foville, a French physician, in 1859.^[2]

References

^ "Foville syndrome". GPnotebook.
^ Foville, ALF (1859). "Note sur une paralysie peu connue de certains muscles de l'oeil, et sa liaison avec quelques points de l'anatomie de la physiologie de la protubérance annulaire". Gazette Hebdomadaire de Médecine et de Chirurgie. 6: 146.

External links

Classification	D ICD-10: G46.3 ICD-9-CM: 344.89 MeSH: D020526 DiseasesDB: 32782

Cerebrovascular diseases including stroke

Ischaemic stroke

Brain	Anterior cerebral artery syndrome Middle cerebral artery syndrome Posterior cerebral artery syndrome Amaurosis fugax Moyamoya disease Dejerine–Roussy syndrome Watershed stroke Lacunar stroke
Brain stem	Brainstem stroke syndrome Medulla Medial medullary syndrome Lateral medullary syndrome Pons Medial pontine syndrome / Foville's Lateral pontine syndrome / Millard-Gubler Midbrain Weber's syndrome Benedikt syndrome Claude's syndrome
Cerebellum	Cerebellar stroke syndrome
Extracranial arteries	Carotid artery stenosis precerebral Anterior spinal artery syndrome Vertebrobasilar insufficiency Subclavian steal syndrome
Classification	Brain ischemia Cerebral infarction Classification Transient ischemic attack Total anterior circulation infarct Partial anterior circulation infarct
Other	CADASIL Binswanger's disease Transient global amnesia

Haemorrhagic stroke

Extra-axial	Epidural Subdural Subarachnoid
Cerebral/Intra-axial	Intraventricular
Brainstem	Duret haemorrhages
General	Intracranial hemorrhage

Aneurysm

Intracranial aneurysm
- Charcot–Bouchard aneurysm

Other

Signs and symptoms, and syndromes associated with lesions of the brain and brainstem

Cerebral cortex

ACA syndrome
MCA syndrome
PCA syndrome
Aphasia
Frontal lobe
- Expressive aphasia
- Abulia
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
- Cortical deafness
- Prosopagnosia

Subcortex

Basal ganglia
Thalamic syndrome

Cerebellum

Lateral
Medial
- Cerebellar ataxia

Brainstem

Medulla	Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg PICA Medial medullary syndrome/Dejerine ASA
Pons	Upper dorsal pontine syndrome/Raymond–Céstan syndrome Lateral pontine syndrome (AICA) (lateral) Medial pontine syndrome/Millard–Gubler syndrome/Foville's syndrome (basilar) Locked-in syndrome Internuclear ophthalmoplegia One and a half syndrome
Midbrain	Weber's syndrome ventral peduncle, PCA Benedikt syndrome ventral tegmentum, PCA Parinaud's syndrome dorsal, tumor Claude's syndrome
Other	Alternating hemiplegia