Friedrich Kluge

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Friedrich Kluge (21 June 1856 – 21 May 1926) was a German philologist and educator. He is known for the Etymological Dictionary of the German Language (Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache), which was first published in 1883.^[1]

Biography

Kluge was born in Cologne. He studied comparative linguistics and classical and modern philologies at the universities of Leipzig, Strasbourg and Freiburg. As a student, his instructors were August Leskien, Georg Curtius, Friedrich Zarncke and Rudolf Hildebrand at Leipzig and Heinrich Hübschmann, Bernhard ten Brink and Erich Schmidt at the University of Strasbourg.^[2]

He became a teacher of English and German philology at Strassburg (1880), an assistant professor of German at the University of Jena in 1884, a full professor in 1886, and in 1893 was appointed professor of German language and literature at Freiburg as a successor to Hermann Paul.^[2]

A Proto-Germanic sound law that he formulated in a paper in 1884^[3] is now known as Kluge's law.

He died in Freiburg, Germany.

Works

• Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache (1881; 10th edition, 1924; 25th edition, 2011).
• Stammbildungslehre der altgermanischen Dialekte (2d edition, 1899).
• Von Luther bis Lessing, sprachgeschichtliche Aufsätze (4th edition, 1904).
• Angelsächsisches Lesebuch (3d edition, 1902).
• Deutsche Studentensprache (1895).
• English Etymology, in collaboration with Frederick Lutz (1898).
• Rothwelsch, Quellen und Wortschatz der Gaunersprache (1901).
• Mittelenglisches Lesebuch, glossary by Arthur Kölbing (1904; 2d edition, 1912).

For Hermann Paul's "Grundriss der germanischen Philologie" he wrote "Vorgeschichte der altgermanischen Dialekte" (1897) and "Geschichte der englischen Sprache" (1899).^[4][5] In 1900 he founded the journal "Zeitschrift für deutsche Wortforschung".^[6]

See also

• Karl Müllenhoff
• Jan de Vries

Notes

References

• Portraits of Linguists and their studies in the area of the Old Germanic Languages
• Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Kluge, Friedrich" . Encyclopedia Americana.