GPR12

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

GPR12

Identifiers

Aliases

GPR12, GPCR12, GPCR21, PPP1R84, G protein-coupled receptor 12

External IDs

OMIM: 600752 MGI: 101909 HomoloGene: 3868 GeneCards: GPR12

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 13 (human)^[1]

Band	13q12.13	Start	26,755,200 bp^[1]
Band	13q12.13	End	26,760,786 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)^[2]

Band	5\|5 G3	Start	146,519,208 bp^[2]
Band	5\|5 G3	End	146,522,049 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

ganglionic eminence

cerebellar hemisphere

nucleus accumbens

caudate nucleus

prefrontal cortex

putamen

Brodmann area 9

cingulate gyrus

pancreatic ductal cell

tibialis anterior muscle

Top expressed in

entorhinal cortex

superior frontal gyrus

hippocampus proper

Region I of hippocampus proper

caudate nucleus

secondary oocyte

medial dorsal nucleus

nucleus accumbens

barrel cortex

amygdala

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	G protein-coupled receptor activity signal transducer activity phosphatidylcholine binding
Cellular component	integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane
Biological process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular calcium ion homeostasis signal transduction
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


2835


14738

Ensembl


ENSG00000132975


ENSMUSG00000041468

UniProt


P47775


P35412

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_005288

NM_001010941 NM_008151 NM_001359055 NM_001359056 NM_001359057
NM_001359058

RefSeq (protein)


NP_005279

NP_001010941 NP_032177 NP_001345984 NP_001345985 NP_001345986
NP_001345987

Location (UCSC)

Chr 13: 26.76 – 26.76 Mb

Chr 5: 146.52 – 146.52 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Probable G-protein coupled receptor 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPR12 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

The gene product of GPR12 is an orphan receptor, meaning that its endogenous ligand is currently unknown. Gene disruption of GPR12 in mice results in dyslipidemia and obesity.^[8]

Ligands

Inverse agonists

Cannabidiol^[9]

Evolution

Paralogues

Source:^[10]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132975 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000041468 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Saeki Y, Ueno S, Mizuno R, Nishimura T, Fujimura H, Nagai Y, Yanagihara T (December 1993). "Molecular cloning of a novel putative G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR21) which is expressed predominantly in mouse central nervous system". FEBS Letters. 336 (2): 317–22. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)80828-I. PMID 8262253. S2CID 31345248.
^ Song ZH, Modi W, Bonner TI (July 1995). "Molecular cloning and chromosomal localization of human genes encoding three closely related G protein-coupled receptors". Genomics. 28 (2): 347–9. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1154. PMID 8530049.
^ "Entrez Gene: GPR12 G protein-coupled receptor 12".
^ Bjursell M, Gerdin AK, Jönsson M, Surve VV, Svensson L, Huang XF, et al. (September 2006). "G protein-coupled receptor 12 deficiency results in dyslipidemia and obesity in mice". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 348 (2): 359–66. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.07.090. PMID 16887097.
^ Brown KJ, Laun AS, Song ZH (November 2017). "Cannabidiol, a novel inverse agonist for GPR12". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 493 (1): 451–454. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.09.001. PMC 5849771. PMID 28888984.
^ "GeneCards®: The Human Gene Database".

Adrenergic	α1 (A B D) α2 (A B C) β1 β2 β3
Purinergic	Adenosine (A1 A2A A2B A3) P2Y (1 2 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14)
Serotonin	(all but 5-HT3) 5-HT1 (A B D E F) 5-HT2 (A B C) 5-HT (4 5A 6 7)
Other	Acetylcholine (M1 M2 M3 M4 M5) Dopamine D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 GHB receptor Histamine H1 H2 H3 H4 Melatonin (1A 1B 1C) TAAR (1 2 5 6 8 9)

Metabolites and
signaling molecules

Eicosanoid	CysLT (1 2) LTB4 1 2 FPRL1 OXE Prostaglandin DP (1 2), EP (1 2 3 4), FP Prostacyclin Thromboxane
Other	Bile acid Cannabinoid (CB1 CB2, GPR (18 55 119)) EBI2 Estrogen Free fatty acid (1 2 3 4) Hydroxycarboxylic acids 1 2 3 Lysophosphatidic acid (1 2 3 4 5 6) Lysophospholipid (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8) Oxoglutarate PAF Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1 2 3 4 5) Succinate

Peptide

Neuropeptide

B/W (1
2)
FF (1
2)
S
Y (1
2
4
5)
Neuromedin (B
U (1
2))
Neurotensin (1
2)

Other

Anaphylatoxin (C3a
C5a (1
2))
Angiotensin (1
2)
Apelin
Bombesin
- BRS3
- GRPR
- NMBR)
- Bradykinin (B1
- B2)
Chemokine
Cholecystokinin (A
B)
Endothelin
- A
- B
Formyl peptide (1
2
3)
FSH
Galanin (1
2
3)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1
2)
Ghrelin
Kisspeptin
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin
MAS (1
1L
D
E
F
G
X1
X2
X3
X4)
Melanocortin (1
2
3
4
5)
MCHR (1
2)
Motilin
Opioid (Delta
Kappa
Mu
Nociceptin & Zeta, but not Sigma)
Orexin (1
2)
Oxytocin
Prokineticin (1
2)
Prolactin-releasing peptide
Relaxin (1
2
3
4)
Somatostatin (1
2
3
4
5)
Tachykinin (1
2
3)
Thyrotropin
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Urotensin-II
Vasopressin (1A
1B
2)

Miscellaneous

Taste, bitter	TAS2R 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 13 14 16 19 20 30 31 38 39 40 41 42 43 45 46 50 60 Vomeronasal receptor type 1
Orphan	GPR (1 3 4 6 12 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 31 32 33 34 35 37 39 42 44 45 50 52 55 61 62 63 65 68 75 78 81 82 83 84 85 87 88 92 101 103 109A 109B 119 120 132 135 137B 139 141 142 146 148 149 150 151 152 153 160 161 162 171 173 174 176 177 182 183)
Other	Adrenomedullin Olfactory Opsin (3 4 5 1LW 1MW 1SW RGR RRH) Protease-activated (1 2 3 4) SREB (1 2 3)

Class B: Secretin-like

Adhesion	ADGRB Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 2 3 ADGRC Cadherin 1 2 3 ADGRE EMR 1 2 3 CD97 ADGRG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ADGRL Latrophilin 1 2 3 ELTD1
Orphan	GPR (56 64 97 98 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 123 124 125 126 128 133 143 144 155 157)
Other	Calcitonin CALCRL Corticotropin-releasing hormone (1 2) Glucagon (GR GIPR GLP1R GLP2R) Growth-hormone-releasing hormone PACAPR1 GPR Methuselah-like proteins Parathyroid hormone (1 2) Secretin Vasoactive intestinal peptide (1 2)

Class C: Metabotropic glutamate / pheromone

Taste, sweet	TAS1R 1 2 3 Vomeronasal receptor, type 2
Other	Calcium-sensing receptor GABA_B (1 2) Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8)) GPRC6A GPR (156 158 179) RAIG (1 2 3 4)