Hayuya
Hayuya (born c. 1470s) was the Taíno Cacique (Chief) who governed the area in Puerto Rico which now bears his name (which is now spelled "Jayuya").
Arrival of the Conquistadors
When the Spaniards arrived in "Borikén" (the Taíno name for Puerto Rico), they were greeted with open arms by the Taínos, who lived a peaceful and organized life. This made it easy for Juan Ponce de León and his men to conquer the island. Before the Spaniards arrived, the Taínos had a form of government where each region had a tribe headed by a Cacique. Some of the Caciques, like Hayuya, were more powerful than others. They all, however, responded to the "Supreme Cacique", which at that time was Agueybana. The area that Hayuya dominated is considered to be the "birth place" of the Taíno culture in the island.[1]
However, the Spaniards soon started to enslave the natives. On February 1511, Agueybana's brother Güeybaná, better known as Agüeybaná II (The Brave), and Urayoan (The Añasco Cacique), and their men drowned Diego Salcedo. They watched Salcedo's body to see whether he would resuscitate: when he didn't, the Taínos realized that the Spaniards were not gods and thus, the Taínos became rebellious.[1]
Chronicles of the Indias
According to the Chronicles of the Indias which are found in Seville, Spain, Hayuya lived and governed the area which is now named after him, in the interior central part of Puerto Rico. On September 7, 1513, Juan Ponce de León, who was appointed governor by the "Spanish Crown", sent troops headed by Alonso Niño and Alonso de Mendoza to quash the rebellious Taínos. When they arrived at Hayuya's village, they proceeded to raid and murder its inhabitants. They burned the village to the ground. The Taínos that survived were taken as prisoners and some were made to work the mines as slaves. The others were sent to Spain where they were sold as slaves for 145 "pesos". Eventually, the Taínos died from working in the mines or from the smallpox epidemic.
Legacy
The "National Indigenous Festival" (Festival Nacional Indígena) which honors the memory of Hayuya and the Taíno heritage is celebrated annually on November 24 in the town of Jayuya. There is a monument of Hayuya, the only one of its kind to be dedicated to a Taíno Cacique, located in Jayuya's Cultural Center next to a Taíno tomb. It was sculpted by Puerto Rican artist Tomás Batista in 1969. Hayuya is also represented in the town's coat of arms.[1]
See also
- List of Puerto Ricans
- List of Taínos
- Agüeybaná
- Agüeybaná II
- Arasibo
- Jumacao
- Orocobix
- Tibes Indigenous Ceremonial Center
References
- ^ a b c Moon Puerto Rico (Moon Handbooks); Suzanne Van Atten (Author); Publisher: Avalon Travel Publishing; Second Edition; ISBN 1598801821; ISBN 978-1598801828
External links
- City of Jayuya Website
- v
- t
- e
- Agüeybaná I
- Agüeybaná II
- Arasibo
- Hayuya
- Jumacao
- Urayoán
- Ramón Emeterio Betances
- Mariana Bracetti
- Mathias Brugman
- Roberto Cofresí
- María de las Mercedes Barbudo
- José de Diego
- Eugenio María de Hostos
- Francisco Gonzalo Marín
- Rosendo Matienzo Cintrón
- Antonio Mattei Lluberas
- Francisco Ramírez Medina
- José Gualberto Padilla
- Lola Rodríguez de Tió
- Manuel Rojas
- Juan Ríus Rivera
- Segundo Ruiz Belvis
- Arturo Alfonso Schomburg
- Antonio Valero de Bernabé
- Manuel Zeno Gandía
- Fernando Fernandez
- Agustín Stahl
- José "Aguila Blanca" Maldonado
- Marcos Xiorro
activists
- Antonio Rafael Barceló
- Félix Benítez Rexach
- Rubén Berríos
- Americo Boschetti
- Juan Mari Brás
- Marie Haydée Beltrán Torres
- Roy Brown
- Cayetano Coll y Cuchí
- Gilberto Concepción de Gracia
- Juan Dalmau
- Pedro Ortiz Dávila
- José M. Dávila Monsanto
- Elizam Escobar
- Leopoldo Figueroa
- Víctor Manuel Gerena
- Edwin Irizarry Mora
- Luis Lloréns Torres
- Oscar López Rivera
- Filiberto Ojeda Ríos
- Antonio S. Pedreira
- Pedro Pietri
- Miguel Poventud
- Ángel Rivero Méndez
- Manuel Rodríguez Orellana
- María de Lourdes Santiago
- Piri Thomas
- Alejandrina Torres
- Carlos Alberto Torres
- Iris Zavala
Nationalist Party
- Pedro Albizu Campos
- José S. Alegría
- Margot Arce de Vázquez
- Elías Beauchamp
- Casimiro Berenguer
- Julia de Burgos
- Blanca Canales
- Nemesio Canales
- Rafael Cancel Miranda
- José Coll y Cuchí
- Oscar Collazo
- Rosa Collazo
- Juan Antonio Corretjer
- José Ferrer Canales
- Isabel Freire de Matos
- Carmelo Delgado Delgado
- Raimundo Díaz Pacheco
- Andres Figueroa Cordero
- Irvin Flores
- Lolita Lebrón
- Tomás López de Victoria
- Hugo Margenat
- René Marqués
- Francisco Matos Paoli
- Pedro "Davilita" Ortiz Dávila
- Ruth Mary Reynolds
- Germán Rieckehoff
- Helen Rodríguez Trías
- Hiram Rosado
- Isabel Rosado
- Isolina Rondón
- Vidal Santiago Díaz
- Daniel Santos
- Clemente Soto Vélez
- Griselio Torresola
- Antonio Vélez Alvarado
- Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff
- Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach
- Olga Viscal Garriga
- Ducoudray Holstein Expedition
- Grito de Lares
- Intentona de Yauco
- Levantamiento de Ciales
- Río Piedras massacre
- Ponce massacre
- Gag Law (Ley de la Mordaza)
- Nationalist Party revolts of the 1950s
- Jayuya Uprising
- San Juan Nationalist revolt
- Utuado Uprising
- Truman assassination attempt
- U.S. Capitol shooting incident (1954)
- Cerro Maravilla murders
- Latin American and Caribbean Congress in Solidarity with Puerto Rico's Independence