Hermann Lungkwitz

German-American painter

Hermann Lungkwitz
Hermann Lungkwitz: by Friedrich Richard Petri, ca. 1851, oil (23.75 x 20 in.), collection of the Governor’s Mansion, Austin, Texas, USA
Born	Karl Friedrich Hermann Lungkwitz (1813-03-14)March 14, 1813 Halle, Prussia (now Saxony-Anhalt)
Died	February 10, 1891(1891-02-10) (aged 77) Austin, Texas
Nationality	German American
Education	Dresden Academy of Fine Arts
Known for	Romantic landscapes Photography

Hermann Lungkwitz (March 14, 1813 – February 10, 1891) was a 19th-century German-born Texas romantic landscape artist and photographer whose work became the first pictorial record of the Texas Hill Country.^[1]

Early life

Karl Friedrich Hermann Lungkwitz was born on March 14, 1813, in Halle, Kingdom of Prussia to hosiery manufacturer Johann Gottfried Lungkwitz and his wife Friederike Wilhelmine (Hecht) Lungkwitz.^[2]

Lungkwitz was enrolled at the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts from 1840 to 1843 and received his artistic training under the tutelage of Adrian Ludwig Richter. After receiving an academy certificate of achievement in 1843 for his sketch of the Elbe River, Lungkwitz spent the next three years honing his artistic skills in Salzkammergut and the Northern Limestone Alps in Bavaria.^[3]

Lungkwitz and his brother-in-law Friedrich Richard Petri joined other students in the failed 1849 May Uprising in Dresden,^[4] an event at the tail end of the Revolutions of 1848 resulting from the refusal of Frederick Augustus II to recognize a constitutional monarchy.^[5]

Texas

In 1850, the Lungkwitz and Petri families emigrated to the United States, landing first in New York City. They migrated to Wheeling, West Virginia, but decided on the destination of Texas in 1851.

In 1852, the two families bought a 320-acre farm for $400 in the settlement of Pedernales, Texas, near Fredericksburg and took up farming and cattle ranching.^[6] The families remained there until 1864, although Petri drowned in the Pedernales River in 1857.^[7]^[2] Lungkwitz continued to create paintings of the Texas Hill Country, one of his favorite subjects being Enchanted Rock, of which he painted at least six landscapes:^[8]

I wanted to penetrate more into the interior of the granite mountains. I found and painted a few charming views of the Enchanted Rock and the neighboring mountain ridges from my position on a very precipitous peak called Rauhenkopf. To reach my position of observation, I had to hike one and a half miles every day through mesquite brush and into rocky ground without any path ... Within a radius of six miles, one cannot find any human habitation—one can only camp out. The area at Crabapple near Grebe's and Max's farm is wildly romantic with many beautiful views.

The artist created in great detail in both pencil drawings and paintings. In addition to Gillespie County vistas, his Texas subjects were the German settlements of New Braunfels and Sisterdale, the Hamilton Pool and West Cave at Round Mountain, Marble Falls, and areas around Austin and San Antonio. From 1866–1870, Lungkwitz ran a San Antonio photography studio with Carl G. von Iwonski.^[9]

In 1870 he accepted an $1,800 a year^[6] appointment in Austin as photographer for the Texas General Land Office^[10] under commissioner Jacob Kuechler,^[11] brother-in-law to Friedrich Richard Petri. He held the position for the entirety of the administration of Governor Edmund J. Davis. His daughter Martha Lungkwitz Bickler also received an appointment as Texas General Land Office clerk in an era where few women worked in state government.^[12] In 1877, Martha's husband Jacob Bickler founded the Texas German and English Academy in Austin, where Lungkwitz taught drawing and painting.^[13] Bickler became superintendent of Galveston public schools in 1887, and also founded the Bickler Academy in Austin in 1892. Lungkwitz gave private lessons at both Austin and Galveston whenever he visited the Bicklers. In Blanco County, Lungkwitz assisted his daughter Eva and her husband Richard Klappenbach on their sheep ranch near Johnson City.

Personal life and death

Lungkwitz married Elisabeth "Elise" Petri, sister of Friedrich Richard Petri. The couple had six children. Elisabeth died in 1880 and is buried at the Oakwood Cemetery in Austin, Texas.^[2] Lungkwitz died in Austin on February 10, 1891, and is buried next to his wife.^[2]

Lungkwitz is the great-great-grandfather of American photographer Rocky Schenck.^[14]

Hermann Lungkwitz gallery

All works are oil paintings. Dates, dimensions, and collections unknown if not provided

Kriebstein Castle in Saxony Germany, 1848
Halle an der Saale
Cemetery by a Ruined Gothic Church
The Old Pinta Crossing on the Guadalupe, ca. 1850s
Alameda
Hubbard Farm of Dana on Chapline Hill, 1851
Herons on the Pedernales River, 1855
Guenther's Mill on Live Oak Creek, 1855
Mission San Juan de Capistrano, 1856
Lewis Grist Mill, 1856
Crockett Street Looking West, San Antonio de Bexar, 1857
Hill Country Landscape, 1862, (46.7 x 60.5 cm.), Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
On Shoal Creek, Austin
Yellow Boulders on Bear Mountain
Texas Military Institute, Austin, 1874
Falls of the Colorado, Austin, 1875
August Schroeter Ranch on the Colorado River, 1882
Paggi's Mill on Barton Creek, 1885

Selected works

Sunset in Saxony (1846)
Old Pinta Crossing the Guadalupe (1857)
Crockett Street Looking West (1857)^[15]
Guadalupe River Landscape (1862)
Enchanted Rock, Near Fredericksburg (1864)
Texas Military Institute (1874)
Taylor's Lime Kiln (1875)
Paggi's Mill on Barton Creek, Austin (1876)

Notes

^ "Hermann Lungkwitz Romantic Landscapist". The Alcalde. Hooked on Books: 14. July–August 1984.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Lungwitz Is Best Known For Early Painting". Newspapers.com. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
^ McGuire, James Patrick. "Hermann Lungkwitz". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
^ Mallgrave, Harry Francis (1996). Gottfried Semper: Architect of the Nineteenth Century. Yale University Press. pp. 167–170. ISBN 978-0-300-06624-1.
^ Newcomb, W. W. Jr. "Friedrich Richard Petri". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
^ ^a ^b Ennis, Michael (April 1984). "Light in the Hills". Texas Monthly: 170, 172, 174, 176.
^ Kennedy, Ira. "Herman Lungkwitz, Pioneer Artist". Ira Kennedy. Archived from the original on 9 January 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
^ Allred, Lance (2009). Enchanted Rock: A Natural and Human History. University of Texas Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-292-71963-7.
^ McGuire, James Patrick. "Carl G. von Iwonski". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
^ Johnson, John G. "General Land Office". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 24 January 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
^ McGuire, James Patrick. "Jacob Kuechler". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 10 July 2011. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
^ "Martha Bickler". Newspapers.com. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
^ Bickler, Ralph A. "Jacob Bicker". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Archived from the original on 20 October 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
^ "Dream Life: The Incandescent Unreality of Rocky Schenck". Texas Monthly. August 24, 2016.
^ Fisher, Lewis F; Fenrenbach, T R (1996). Saving San Antonio: The Precarious Preservation of a Heritage. Texas Tech University Press. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-89672-372-6.

References

McGuire, James Patrick (1983). Hermann Lungkwitz, Romantic Landscapist on the Texas Frontier. University of Texas Press, Austin. ISBN 0-292-73026-8.