Human body weight

Person's mass or weight
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Human body weight
General concepts
  • Obesity (Epidemiology)
  • Overweight
  • Underweight
  • Body shape
  • Weight gain
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  • Gestational weight gain
  • Diet (nutrition)
  • Weight management
  • Overnutrition
  • Childhood obesity (Epidemiology)
Medical concepts
  • Adipose tissue
  • Classification of obesity
  • Genetics of obesity
  • Metabolic syndrome (Epidemiology of metabolic syndrome)
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Human body weight is a person's mass or weight.

Strictly speaking, body weight is the measurement of weight without items located on the person. Practically though, body weight may be measured with clothes on, but without shoes or heavy accessories such as mobile phones and wallets, and using manual or digital weighing scales. Excess or reduced body weight is regarded as an indicator of determining a person's health, with body volume measurement providing an extra dimension by calculating the distribution of body weight.

Average adult human weight varies by continent, from about 60 kg (130 lb) in Asia and Africa to about 80 kg (180 lb) in North America, with men on average weighing more than women.

Estimation in children

An example of a half unfolded Broselow tape

There are a number of methods to estimate weight in children for circumstances (such as emergencies) when actual weight cannot be measured. Most involve a parent or health care provider guessing the child's weight through weight-estimation formulas. These formulas base their findings on the child's age and tape-based systems of weight estimation. Of the many formulas that have been used for estimating body weight, some include the Advanced Pediatric Life Support formula, the Leffler formula, and Theron formula.[1] There are also several types of tape-based systems for estimating children's weight, with the best-known being the Broselow tape.[2] The Broselow tape is based on length with weight read from the appropriate color area. Newer systems, such as the PAWPER tape, make use of a simple two-step process to estimate weight: the length-based weight estimation is modified according to the child's body habitus to increase the accuracy of the final weight prediction.[3]

The Leffler formula is used for children 0–10 years of age.[1] In those less than a year old, it is

m = 1 2 a m + 4 {\displaystyle m={\tfrac {1}{2}}a_{m}+4}

and for those 1–10 years old, it is

m = 2 a y + 10 {\displaystyle m=2a_{y}+10}

where m is the number of kilograms the child weighs and am and ay respectively are the number of months or years old the child is.[1]

The Theron formula is

m = e 0.175571 a y + 2.197099 {\displaystyle m=e^{0.175571a_{y}+2.197099}}

where m and ay are as above.[1]

Fluctuation

Body weight varies in small amounts throughout the day, as the amount of water in the body is not constant. It changes due to activities such as drinking, urinating, or exercise.[4] Professional sports participants may deliberately dehydrate themselves to enter a lower weight class, a practice known as weight cutting.[5]

Ideal body weight

Ideal body weight (IBW) was initially introduced by Ben J. Devine in 1974 to allow estimation of drug clearances in obese patients;[6] researchers have since shown that the metabolism of certain drugs relates more to IBW than total body weight.[7] The term was based on the use of insurance data that demonstrated the relative mortality for males and females according to different height-weight combinations.

The most common estimation of IBW is by the Devine formula; other models exist and have been noted to give similar results.[7] Other methods used in estimating the ideal body weight are body mass index and the Hamwi method. The IBW is not the perfect fat measurement, as it does not show the fat or muscle percentage in one's body. For example, athletes' results may show that they are overweight when they are actually very fit and healthy. Machines like the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry can accurately measure the percentage and weight of fat, muscle, and bone in a body.

Devine formula

The Devine formula for calculating ideal body weight in adults is as follows:[7]

  • Male ideal body weight = 50 kilograms (110 lb) + 0.9 kilograms (2.0 lb) × (height (cm) − 152)
  • Female ideal body weight = 45.5 kilograms (100 lb) + 0.9 kilograms (2.0 lb) × (height (cm) − 152)

Hamwi method

The Hamwi method is used to calculate the ideal body weight of the general adult:[8]

  • Male ideal body weight = 48 kilograms (106 lb) + 1.1 kilograms (2.4 lb) × (height (cm) − 152)
  • Female ideal body weight = 45.4 kilograms (100 lb) + 0.9 kilograms (2.0 lb) × (height (cm) − 152)

Usage

Sports

Participants in sports such as boxing, mixed martial arts, wrestling, rowing, judo, sambo, Olympic weightlifting, and powerlifting are classified according to their body weight, measured in units of mass such as pounds or kilograms. See, e.g., wrestling weight classes, boxing weight classes, judo at the 2004 Summer Olympics, and boxing at the 2004 Summer Olympics.

Medicine

Ideal body weight, specifically the Devine formula, is used clinically for multiple reasons, most commonly in estimating renal function in drug dosing, and predicting pharmacokinetics in morbidly obese patients.[9][10]

Average weight around the world

By region

Data from 2005:

Region Adult population
(millions) 		Average weight Overweight population /
total population 		Source
Africa 535 60.7 kg (133.8 lb) 28.9% [11]
Asia 2,815 57.7 kg (127.2 lb) 24.2% [11]
Europe 606 70.8 kg (156.1 lb) 55.6% [11]
Latin America and the Caribbean 386 67.9 kg (149.7 lb) 57.9% [11]
North America 263 80.7 kg (177.9 lb) 73.9% [11]
Oceania 24 74.1 kg (163.4 lb) 63.3% [11]
World 4,630 62.0 kg (136.7 lb) 34.7% [11]

By country

Country Average male weight Average female weight Sample population /
age range 		Methodology Year Source
 Afghanistan 69.2 kg (152.6 lb) 62.6 kg (138.0 lb) 18–69 Measured 2018 [12]
 Algeria 68.7 kg (151.5 lb) 65.1 kg (143.5 lb) 25–64 Measured 2005 [13]
 Armenia 74.6 kg (164.5 lb) 66.4 kg (146.4 lb) 18–69 Measured 2016 [14]
 Australia 87.0 kg (191.8 lb) 71.8 kg (158.3 lb) 18+ Measured 2018 [15]
 Azerbaijan 72.1 kg (159.0 lb) 65.7 kg (144.8 lb) 16+ Measured 2005 [16]
 Bangladesh 55.2 kg (121.7 lb) 49.8 kg (109.8 lb) 25+ Measured 2009–2010 [17]
 Belarus 69 kg (152.1 lb) 56 kg (123.5 lb) 18+ Measured 2008 [18]
 Belize 74.2 kg (163.6 lb) 70.5 kg (155.4 lb) 20+ Measured 2010 [19]
 Benin 63.7 kg (140.4 lb) 60.9 kg (134.3 lb) 18–69 Measured 2015 [20]
 Bhutan 63.2 kg (139.3 lb) 57.4 kg (126.5 lb) 18–69 Measured 2014 [21]
 Botswana 63.6 kg (140.2 lb) 64.3 kg (141.8 lb) 15–69 Measured 2014 [22]
 Brazil 72.7 kg (160.3 lb) 62.5 kg (137.8 lb) 20–74 Measured 2008–2009 [23]
 Brunei 74.1 kg (163.4 lb) 62.9 kg (138.7 lb) 19+ Measured 2010–2011 [24]
 Bulgaria 76.9 kg (169.5 lb) 69.1 kg (152.3 lb) 21-59 Self-reported 2021 [25]
 Burkina Faso 65.2 kg (143.7 lb) 59.0 kg (130.1 lb) 25–64 Measured 2013 [26]
 Cambodia 56.8 kg (125.2 lb) 50.8 kg (112.0 lb) 25–64 Measured 2010 [27]
 Cameroon 68.3 kg (150.6 lb) 67.0 kg (147.7 lb) 15+ Measured 2003 [28]
 Canada 84.6 kg (187 lb) 70.1 kg (155 lb) 18–79 Measured 2007–2009 [29]
 Chile 77.3 kg (170.4 lb) 67.5 kg (148.8 lb) 15+ Measured 2009–2010 [30]
 Costa Rica - San José 76.6 kg (168.9 lb) 64.9 kg (143.1 lb) 20+ Measured 2010 [31]
 Czech Republic 92.1 kg (203.0 lb) 73.8 kg (162.7 lb) 25–64 Measured 2016–2017 [32]
 Estonia 84.4 kg (186.1 lb) 71.2 kg (157.0 lb) 18+ Measured 2003–2010 [33]
 France 77.1 kg (170 lb) 62.7 kg (138 lb) 15+ Measured 2005 [34]
 Georgia 84.4 kg (186.1 lb) 73.6 kg (162.3 lb) 18–69 Measured 2016 [35]
 Germany 85.9 kg (189.4 lb) 69.2 kg (152.6 lb) 18+ Self-reported 2021 [36]
 India 65.0 kg (143.3 lb) 55.0 kg (121.3 lb) 16+ Measured 2020 [37]
 Norway 86.6 kg (190.9 lb) 71.6 kg (157.9 lb) 18+ Self-reported 2020 [38]
 Oman 74.9 kg (165.1 lb) 68.1 kg (150.1 lb) 18+ Measured 2017 [39]
 Pakistan 66.0 kg (145.5 lb) 59.0 kg (130.1 lb) 18–69 Measured 2013–2014 [40]
 Papua New Guinea 62.5 kg (137.8 lb) 56.8 kg (125.2 lb) 15–64 Measured 2007–2008 [41]
 Qatar 84.6 kg (186.5 lb) 73.4 kg (161.8 lb) 18–64 Measured 2012 [42]
 Russia 70.6 kg (155.6 lb) 60.2 kg (132.7 lb) 19+ Measured 2018 [43]
 Rwanda 58.4 kg (128.7 lb) 55.9 kg (123.2 lb) 15–64 Measured 2012–2013 [44]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 84.5 kg (186.3 lb) 83.0 kg (183.0 lb) 25–64 Measured 2007–2008 [45]
 Saudi Arabia 77.3 kg (170.4 lb) 71.7 kg (158.1 lb) 25–64 Measured 2005 [46]
 Serbia 84.6 kg (186.5 lb) 70.0 kg (154.3 lb) 20+ Measured 2013 [47]
 Sierra Leone 62.0 kg (136.7 lb) 59.0 kg (130.1 lb) 25–64 Measured 2009 [48]
 Solomon Islands 75.3 kg (166.0 lb) 70.4 kg (155.2 lb) 25–64 Measured 2006 [49]
 South Korea 73.34 kg (161.7 lb) 58.29 kg (128.5 lb) 18+ Measured 2019 [50]
 Spain 82.4 kg (181.7 lb) 66.6 kg (146.8 lb) 18–64 Measured 2013 [51]
 Sri Lanka 61.4 kg (135.4 lb) 54.6 kg (120.4 lb) 18–69 Measured 2014–2015 [52]
 Sudan 65.4 kg (144.2 lb) 61.6 kg (135.8 lb) 18–69 Measured 2016 [53]
 Sweden 81.9 kg (180.6 lb) 66.7 kg (147.0 lb) 16–84 Measured 2003–2004 [54]
 Togo 63.2 kg (139.3 lb) 60.0 kg (132.3 lb) 15–64 Measured 2010 [55]
 Tonga 99.4 kg (219.1 lb) 97.7 kg (215.4 lb) 25–64 Measured 2012 [56]
 Trinidad and Tobago 76.7 kg (169.1 lb) 71.1 kg (156.7 lb) 15–64 Measured 2011 [57]
 Turkey 78.0 kg (172.0 lb) 70.1 kg (154.5 lb) 15+ Measured 2017 [58]
 Turkmenistan 76.6 kg (168.9 lb) 67.4 kg (148.6 lb) 18–69 Measured 2018 [59]
 United Kingdom – England 85.4 kg (188.3 lb) 72.1 kg (159.0 lb) 16+ Measured 2019 [60]
 United Kingdom – Wales 84.0 kg (185.2 lb) 69.0 kg (152.1 lb) 16+ Measured 2009 [61]
 Ukraine 80.0 kg (176.4 lb) 71.0 kg (156.5 lb) 18+ Measured 2020 [62]
 United States 90.6 kg (199.7 lb) 77.5 kg (170.9 lb) 20+ Measured 2015–2018 [63]

Global statistics

Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine published a study of average weights of adult humans in the journal BMC Public Health and at the United Nations conference Rio+20.[64]

Rank Country Kilograms Pounds Relative size
1 Micronesia 87.398 192.68 192.68
 
2 Tonga 87.344 192.56 192.56
 
3 United States 81.928 180.62 180.62
 
4 Samoa 78.544 173.16 173.16
 
5 Kuwait 77.791 171.50 171.5
 
6 Australia 77.356 170.54 170.54
 
7 Malta 76.956 169.66 169.66
 
8 Qatar 76.866 169.46 169.46
 
9 Croatia 76.412 168.46 168.46
 
10 United Kingdom 75.795 167.10 167.1
 
11 UAE 75.532 166.52 166.52
 
12 Greece 75.038 165.43 165.43
 
13 Cyprus 74.802 164.91 164.91
 
14 Egypt 74.271 163.74 163.74
 
15 Barbados 73.831 162.77 162.77
 
16 Belarus 73.663 162.40 162.4
 
17 Bahrain 73.550 162.15 162.15
 
18 Germany 73.042 161.03 161.03
 
19 Solomon Islands 72.797 160.49 160.49
 
20 Austria 72.743 160.37 160.37
 
21 Saudi Arabia 72.638 160.14 160.14
 
22 Iceland 72.584 160.02 160.02
 
23 Trinidad & Tobago 72.538 159.92 159.92
 
24 Argentina 72.434 159.69 159.69
 
25 Bahamas 72.380 159.57 159.57
 
26 Finland 72.348 159.50 159.5
 
27 Israel 71.912 158.54 158.54
 
28 Czech Rep. 71.640 157.94 157.94
 
29 New Zealand 71.631 157.92 157.92
 
30 Bulgaria 71.459 157.54 157.54
 
31 Russia 71.418 157.45 157.45
 
32 Slovenia 71.200 156.97 156.97
 
33 Slovakia 71.060 156.66 156.66
 
34 Albania 71.019 156.57 156.57
 
35 Bosnia 71.001 156.53 156.53
 
36 Switzerland 70.987 156.50 156.5
 
37 Rep. of Moldova 70.978 156.48 156.48
 
38 Venezuela 70.788 156.06 156.06
 
39 Chile 70.593 155.63 155.63
 
40 Georgia 70.561 155.56 155.56
 
41 Spain 70.556 155.55 155.55
 
42 Azerbaijan 70.484 155.39 155.39
 
43 Hungary 70.443 155.30 155.3
 
44 Libya 70.429 155.27 155.27
 
45 Luxembourg 70.270 154.92 154.92
 
46 Tajikistan 70.234 154.84 154.84
 
47 Portugal 70.193 154.75 154.75
 
48 Lithuania 70.153 154.66 154.66
 
49 Grenada 70.139 154.63 154.63
 
50 Panama 69.939 154.19 154.19
 
51 Ireland 69.926 154.16 154.16
 
52 Canada 69.767 153.81 153.81
 
53 Jordan 69.649 153.55 153.55
 
54 St Vincent & Grenadines 69.590 153.42 153.42
 
55 Belize 69.377 152.95 152.95
 
56 Poland 69.241 152.65 152.65
 
57 Macedonia 69.209 152.58 152.58
 
58 Italy 69.205 152.57 152.57
 
59 Jamaica 69.064 152.26 152.26
 
60 Sweden 69.064 152.26 152.26
 
61 Turkey 69.046 152.22 152.22
 
62 Cuba 69.037 152.20 152.2
 
63 Mexico 69.023 152.17 152.17
 
64 Mongolia 68.910 151.92 151.92
 
65 Uruguay 68.873 151.84 151.84
 
66 Belgium 68.801 151.68 151.68
 
67 Suriname 68.778 151.63 151.63
 
68 Latvia 68.778 151.63 151.63
 
69 Norway 68.774 151.62 151.62
 
70 Netherlands 68.746 151.56 151.56
 
71 Ukraine 68.674 151.40 151.4
 
72 Guatemala 68.579 151.19 151.19
 
73 Saint Lucia 68.438 150.88 150.88
 
74 Armenia 68.424 150.85 150.85
 
75 Nicaragua 68.415 150.83 150.83
 
76 Vanuatu 68.229 150.42 150.42
 
77 El Salvador 68.220 150.40 150.4
 
78 Lebanon 68.170 150.29 150.29
 
79 Ecuador 68.166 150.28 150.28
 
80 Fiji 68.048 150.02 150.02
 
81 Bolivia 68.034 149.99 149.99
 
82 Dominican Rep. 67.993 149.90 149.9
 
83 Denmark 67.957 149.82 149.82
 
84 Costa Rica 67.853 149.59 149.59
 
85 Tunisia 67.726 149.31 149.31
 
86 Iran 67.608 149.05 149.05
 
87 Turkmenistan 67.563 148.95 148.95
 
88 Paraguay 67.445 148.69 148.69
 
89 Peru 67.440 148.68 148.68
 
90 Syria 67.422 148.64 148.64
 
91 Guyana 67.032 147.78 147.78
 
92 France 66.782 147.23 147.23
 
93 Estonia 66.732 147.12 147.12
 
94 Equatorial Guinea 66.451 146.50 146.5
 
95 Romania 66.401 146.39 146.39
 
96 Colombia 66.370 146.32 146.32
 
97 Uzbekistan 66.351 146.28 146.28
 
98 Kazakhstan 66.265 146.09 146.09
 
99 Brazil 66.093 145.71 145.71
 
100 Mauritius 66.052 145.62 145.62
 
101 Iraq 66.034 145.58 145.58
 
102 Lesotho 65.966 145.43 145.43
 
103 Honduras 65.834 145.14 145.14
 
104 Oman 65.803 145.07 145.07
 
105 South Africa 65.667 144.77 144.77
 
106 Kyrgyzstan 65.413 144.21 144.21
 
107 Botswana 65.045 143.40 143.4
 
108 Cameroon 64.832 142.93 142.93
 
109 Morocco 64.764 142.78 142.78
 
110 South Korea 64.392 141.96 141.96
 
111 Mauritania 64.179 141.49 141.49
 
112 Algeria 63.639 140.30 140.3
 
113 Gabon 62.845 138.55 138.55
 
114 Ghana 62.491 137.77 137.77
 
115 Cape Verde 62.296 137.34 137.34
 
116 Papua New Guinea 62.251 137.24 137.24
 
117 Eswatini 62.097 136.90 136.9
 
118 Djibouti 62.015 136.72 136.72
 
119 Haiti 61.698 136.02 136.02
 
120 Comoros 61.044 134.58 134.58
 
121 Zimbabwe 61.022 134.53 134.53
 
122 Brunei 60.945 134.36 134.36
 
123 Sierra Leone 60.854 134.16 134.16
 
124 Nigeria 60.745 133.92 133.92
 
125 Malaysia 60.682 133.78 133.78
 
126 China 60.555 133.50 133.5
 
127 Angola 60.387 133.13 133.13
 
128 Senegal 60.373 133.10 133.1
 
129 Benin 60.282 132.90 132.9
 
130 Mali 60.078 132.45 132.45
 
131 Yemen 59.802 131.84 131.84
 
132 Philippines 59.715 131.65 131.65
 
133 Namibia 59.584 131.36 131.36
 
134 Sudan 59.407 130.97 130.97
 
135 Togo 59.280 130.69 130.69
 
136 Guinea 59.112 130.32 130.32
 
137 Japan 59.017 130.11 130.11
 
138 Pakistan 58.976 130.02 130.02
 
139 Singapore 58.935 129.93 129.93
 
140 Thailand 58.786 129.60 129.6
 
141 Côte d'Ivoire 58.727 129.47 129.47
 
142 Laos 58.436 128.83 128.83
 
143 Chad 58.196 128.30 128.3
 
144 Niger 57.933 127.72 127.72
 
145 Maldives 57.647 127.09 127.09
 
146 São Tomé and Príncipe 57.561 126.90 126.9
 
147 Burkina Faso 57.456 126.67 126.67
 
148 Congo 57.384 126.51 126.51
 
149 Tanzania 57.293 126.31 126.31
 
150 Gambia 57.071 125.82 125.82
 
151 Uganda 57.007 125.68 125.68
 
152 Afghanistan 56.935 125.52 125.52
 
153 Malawi 56.681 124.96 124.96
 
154 Rwanda 56.635 124.86 124.86
 
155 Myanmar 56.354 124.24 124.24
 
156 Kenya 56.264 124.04 124.04
 
157 Guinea-Bissau 56.087 123.65 123.65
 
158 Mozambique 55.955 123.36 123.36
 
159 Central African Rep. 55.946 123.34 123.34
 
160 Zambia 55.910 123.26 123.26
 
161 Cambodia 55.742 122.89 122.89
 
162 Liberia 55.533 122.43 122.43
 
163 Somalia 55.375 122.08 122.08
 
164 Madagascar 55.157 121.60 121.6
 
165 Burundi 54.127 119.33 119.33
 
166 Congo 53.501 117.95 117.95
 
167 Ethiopia 53.057 116.97 116.97
 
168 India 52.943 116.72 116.72
 
169 North Korea 52.589 115.94 115.94
 
170 Indonesia 52.467 115.67 115.67
 
171 Eritrea 52.041 114.73 114.73
 
172 Timor-Leste 51.950 114.53 114.53
 
173 Bhutan 51.142 112.75 112.75
 
174 Vietnam 50.725 111.83 111.83
 
175 Nepal 50.476 111.28 111.28
 
176 Sri Lanka 50.421 111.16 111.16
 
177 Bangladesh 49.591 109.33 109.33
 
— world average 61.997 136.68 136.68
 

See also

References

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External links

  • Media related to Human body weight at Wikimedia Commons
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