Hyaenodontidae

Extinct family of carnivores

Hyaenodontidae Temporal range: 55.2–16.9 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N early Eocene to early Miocene

skull of Hyaenodon horridus

skull of Cynohyaenodon cayluxi
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Hyaenodonta
Superfamily:	†Hyaenodontoidea
Family:	†Hyaenodontidae Leidy, 1869^[1]
Type genus
†Hyaenodon Laizer & Parieu, 1838
Genera
[see text]
Synonyms
list of synonyms: Hyaenodontida (Haeckel, 1895) Hyaenodontoidea (Trouessart, 1885)

Hyaenodontidae ("hyena teeth") is an extinct family of placental mammals from extinct superfamily Hyaenodontoidea within extinct order Hyaenodonta. Hyaenodontids arose during the early Eocene and persisted well into the early Miocene. Fossils of this group have been found in Asia, North America and Europe.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Classification and phylogeny

Taxonomy

Family: †Hyaenodontidae (Leidy, 1869)
- Genus: †Boritia (Solé, 2014)
  - †Boritia duffaudi (Solé, 2014)
- Genus: †Neosinopa (Lavrov, 1999)
  - †Neosinopa gobiensis (Lavrov, 1999)
- Genus: †Praecodens (Lange-Badré, 1981)
  - †Praecodens acutus (Lange-Badré, 1981)
- Genus: †Preregidens (Solé, 2015)
  - †Preregidens langebadrae (Solé, 2015)
- Genus: †Protoproviverra (Lemoine, 1891)
  - †Protoproviverra palaeonictides (Lemoine, 1880)
- (unranked): †Cynohyaenodon/Quercytherium clade
  - Genus: †Cynohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Filhol, 1873)
    - †Cynohyaenodon cayluxi (Filhol, 1873)
    - †Cynohyaenodon lautricensis (Lange-Badré, 1978)
    - †Cynohyaenodon ruetimeyeri (Van Valen, 1965)
    - †Cynohyaenodon smithae (Solé, 2021)
    - †Cynohyaenodon trux (Van Valen, 1965)
  - Genus: †Paracynohyaenodon (Martin, 1906)
    - †Paracynohyaenodon magnus (Crochet, 1988)
    - †Paracynohyaenodon schlosseri (Martin, 1906)
  - Genus: †Quercytherium (Filhol, 1880)
    - †Quercytherium simplicidens (Lange-Badré, 1975)
    - †Quercytherium tenebrosum (Filhol, 1880)
- (unranked): †Eurotherium clade
  - Genus: †Alienetherium (Lange-Badré, 1981)
    - †Alienetherium buxwilleri (Lange-Badré, 1981)
  - Genus: †Cartierodon (Solé & Mennecart, 2019)
    - †Cartierodon egerkingensis (Solé & Mennecart, 2019)
  - Genus: †Eurotherium ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Polly & Lange-Badré, 1993)
    - †Eurotherium mapplethorpei (Solé, 2021)
    - †Eurotherium matthesi (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
    - †Eurotherium theriodis (Van Valen, 1965)
  - Genus: †Paenoxyaenoides (Lange-Badre, 1979)
    - †Paenoxyaenoides liguritor (Lange-Badre, 1979)
  - Genus: †Prodissopsalis (Matthes, 1950)
    - †Prodissopsalis eocaenicus (Matthes, 1952)
    - †Prodissopsalis jimenezi (Salesa, 2023)
- (unranked): †Leonhardtina clade
  - Genus: †Leonhardtina (Matthes, 1952)
    - †Leonhardtina godinoti (Solé, 2014)
    - †Leonhardtina gracilis (Matthes, 1952)
    - †Leonhardtina meridianum (Solé, 2020)
- (unranked): †Matthodon clade
  - Genus: †Matthodon (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
    - †Matthodon menui (Rich, 1971)
    - †Matthodon peignei (Solé, 2020)
    - †Matthodon tritens (Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990)
- (unranked): †Oxyaenoides clade
  - Subfamily: †Oxyaenoidinae (Lavrov, 1999) (syn. Francotheriini (Lavrov, 1999))
    - Genus: †Oxyaenoides (Matthes, 1967)
      - †Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis (Solé, 2020)
      - †Oxyaenoides bicuspidens (Matthes, 1967)
      - †Oxyaenoides lindgreni (Rich, 1971)
      - †Oxyaenoides schlosseri (Rütimeyer, 1891)
- Subfamily: †Hyaenodontinae (Trouessart, 1885)
  - Genus: †Consobrinus (Lange-Badre, 1979)
    - †Consobrinus quercy (Lange-Badre, 1979)
  - Genus: †Propterodon ^{(paraphyletic genus)} (Martin, 1906)
    - †Propterodon morrisi (Matthew & Granger, 1924)
    - †Propterodon paganensis (de Bonis, 2018)
    - †Propterodon tongi (Liu & Huang, 2002)
    - †Propterodon witteri (Zack, 2019)
  - Tribe: †Hyaenodontini (Leidy, 1869)
    - Genus: †Hyaenodon (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
      - †Hyaenodon brachyrhynchus (Blainville, 1841)
      - †Hyaenodon chunkhtensis (Dashzeveg, 1985)
      - †Hyaenodon dubius (Filhol, 1873)
      - †Hyaenodon eminus (Matthew & Granger, 1925)
      - †Hyaenodon exiguus (Gervais, 1873)
      - †Hyaenodon filholi (Schlosser, 1887)
      - †Hyaenodon gervaisi (Martin, 1906)
      - †Hyaenodon heberti (Filhol, 1876)
      - †Hyaenodon leptorhynchus (Laizer & Parieu, 1838)
      - †Hyaenodon minor (Lange-Badré, 1979)
      - †Hyaenodon pervagus (Matthew & Granger, 1924)
      - †Hyaenodon pumilus (Lavrov, 1999)
      - †Hyaenodon requieni (Gervais, 1846)
      - †Hyaenodon rossignoli (Lange-Badré, 1979)
      - †Hyaenodon weilini (Wang, 2005)
      - †Hyaenodon yuanchuensis (Young, 1937)
      - Subgenus: †Neohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic subgenus)} (Thorpe, 1922)
        †Hyaenodon gigas (Dashzeveg, 1985)
        
        †Hyaenodon horridus (Leidy, 1853)
        
        †Hyaenodon incertus (Dashzeveg, 1985)
        
        †Hyaenodon macrocephalus (Lavrov, 1999)
        
        †Hyaenodon megaloides (Mellett, 1977)
        
        †Hyaenodon milvinus (Lavrov, 1999)
        
        †Hyaenodon mongoliensis (Dashzeveg, 1964)
        
        †Hyaenodon montanus (Douglass, 1902)
        
        †Hyaenodon vetus (Stock, 1933)
      - Subgenus: †Protohyaenodon ^{(paraphyletic subgenus)} (Stock, 1933)
        †Hyaenodon brevirostrus (Macdonald, 1970)
        
        †Hyaenodon crucians (Leidy, 1853)
        
        †Hyaenodon microdon (Mellett, 1977)
        
        †Hyaenodon mustelinus (Scott, 1894)
        
        †Hyaenodon raineyi (Gustafson, 1986)
        
        †Hyaenodon venturae (Mellett, 1977)

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hyaenodontidae.

Wikispecies has information related to Hyaenodontidae.

^ Leidy J. (1869.) "On the extinct Mammalia of Dakota and Nebraska: including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America." Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 7: 1–472.
^ The Paleobiology Database Hyaenodontidae page
^ ISBN 0-8160-1125-7
^ Solé, F.; Falconnet, J.; Yves, L. (2014). "New proviverrines (Hyaenodontida) from the early Eocene of Europe; phylogeny and ecological evolution of the Proviverrinae". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (4): 878–917. doi:10.1111/zoj.12155.

Mammals of clade Pan-Carnivora

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Infraclass: Placentalia
Superorder: Laurasiatheria
Clade: Scrotifera
Grandorder: Ferungulata
Mirorder: Ferae

Pan-Carnivora

Carnivoramorpha	See Carnivoramorpha below ↓
†Hyaenodonta	See Hyaenodonta below ↓
†Oxyaenodonta	See Oxyaenodonta below ↓
†Wyolestidae	†Wyolestes
†Simidectes †Altacreodus †Tinerhodon

†Hyaenodonta

†Hyaenodontoidea

†Hyaenodontidae	†Alienetherium †Boritia †Cartierodon †Consobrinus †Cynohyaenodon †Eurotherium †Hyaenodon †Leonhardtina †Matthodon †Neosinopa †Oxyaenoides †Paenoxyaenoides †Paracynohyaenodon †Praecodens †Preregidens †Prodissopsalis †Propterodon †Protoproviverra †Quercytherium

†Proviverridae

†Allopterodon
†Lesmesodon
†Minimovellentodon
†Morlodon
†Parvagula
†Proviverra

†Afro‑Arabian
clade

†Parvavorodon
†Tritemnodon
†Koholia

†Indohyaenodontidae

†Glibzegdouia
†Indohyaenodon
†Yarshea

†Hyainailouroidea

†Hyainailouridae

†Maocyon/Orienspterodon clade

†Maocyon
†Orienspterodon

†Apterodontinae

†Apterodon
†Quasiapterodon

†Hyainailourinae

†Leakitherium †Megistotherium †Mlanyama †Metapterodon †Pakakali †Paroxyaena †Simbakubwa
†Akhnatenavus clade	†Akhnatenavus †Hemipsalodon †Ischnognathus
†Hyainailourini	†Exiguodon †Falcatodon †Hyainailouros †Parapterodon †Sectisodon †Sivapterodon †Isohyaenodon †Kerberos †Pterodon

†Prionogalidae

†Namasector
†Prionogale
†Thereutherium

†Teratodontinae

†Anasinopa
†Brychotherium
†Buhakia
†Dissopsalis
†Ekweeconfractus
†Furodon
†Kyawdawia
†Masrasector
†Metasinopa
†Paratritemnodon
†Teratodon

other representatives

†Eoproviverra †Gazinocyon †Pyrocyon
†Arfia clade	†Arfia
†Galecyon clade	†Galecyon
†Lahimia clade	†Boualitomus †Lahimia
†Limnocyonidae	†Iridodon †Limnocyon †Oxyaenodon †Prolaena †Prolimnocyon †Thinocyon
†Sinopidae	†Acarictis †Prototomus †Sinopa

ichnotaxa
of Hyaenodonta

†Creodontipus
†Dischidodacylus
†Sarcotherichnus
†Zanclonychopus
†Hyaenodontipus
†Quiritipes
†Sarjeantipes

†Oxyaenodonta

†Oxyaenidae

†Machaeroidinae	†Apataelurus †Diegoaelurus †Isphanatherium †Machaeroides
†Oxyaeninae	†Argillotherium †Dipsalidictis †Malfelis †Oxyaena †Patriofelis †Protopsalis †Sarkastodon
†Palaeonictinae	†Ambloctonus †Dipsalodon †Palaeonictis
†Tytthaeninae	†Tytthaena

Carnivoramorpha

Carnivoraformes
(Clade "A")

Clade "B"

†Messelogale †Miocyon †Simamphicyon †Uintacyon †Xinyuictis †Zodiocyon
†Quercygalidae	†Quercygale
†Gracilocyon/Oodectes clade	†Eogale †Gracilocyon †Oodectes †Paramiacis †Paroodectes

Clade "C"

Clade "D"

†Ceruttia
†Harpalodon
†Lycarion
†Neovulpavus
†Procynodictis
†Prodaphaenus
†Tapocyon
†Walshius

Carnivora
(Clade "E")

Caniformia	(See Caniformia)
Feliformia	(See Feliformia)

other representatives

†Africtis
†Dawsonicyon
†Miacis

ichnotaxa of
Carnivoraformes

†Falcatipes

†Viverravoidea

†Viverravidae

†Orientictis †Pappictidops †Preonictis †Variviverra
†Didymictinae	†Bryanictis †Didymictis †Intyrictis †Pristinictis †Protictis †Raphictis
†Ictidopappinae	†Ictidopappus
†Viverravinae	†Simpsonictis †Viverravus †Viverriscus