Imepitoin

Anti-convulsant medicine used to treat seizures in dogs
  • QN03AX90 (WHO)
Identifiers
  • 3-(4-Chlorophenyl)-5-morpholin-4-yl-4H-imidazol-2-one
CAS Number
  • 188116-07-6
PubChem CID
  • 3083511
ChemSpider
  • 2340703
UNII
  • 19V39682LI
ChEMBL
  • ChEMBL204240
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
  • DTXSID50172160 Edit this at Wikidata
ECHA InfoCard100.220.751 Edit this at WikidataChemical and physical dataFormulaC13H14ClN3O2Molar mass279.72 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)
  • Interactive image
  • C1COCCN1C2=NC(=O)N(C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)Cl
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C13H14ClN3O2/c14-10-1-3-11(4-2-10)17-9-12(15-13(17)18)16-5-7-19-8-6-16/h1-4H,5-9H2
  • Key:IQHYCZKIFIHTAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Imepitoin (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name), sold under the brand name Pexion, is an anticonvulsant which is used in veterinary medicine in Europe to treat epilepsy in dogs.[1][2][3][4] It was recently[when?] approved in the United States.[2][3][4] The drug also has anxiolytic effects.[1][2] It was originally developed to treat epilepsy in humans, but clinical trials were terminated upon findings of unfavorable metabolic differences in smokers and non-smokers.[1][2]

Imepitoin acts as a low-affinity (4,350–5,140 nM; relative to Ki = 6.8 nM for diazepam and Ki = 1.7 nM for clonazepam) partial agonist of the benzodiazepine site of the GABAA receptor (up to 12–21% of the maximal potentiation of diazepam, a full agonist of this site).[1] It is the first partial agonist to be approved for the treatment of epilepsy.[1] The drug also dose-dependently blocks voltage-gated calcium channels.[3] It is not a benzodiazepine; instead, it is an imidazolone, and bears some structural similarities to hydantoin anticonvulsants like ethotoin and phenytoin.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Rundfeldt C, Löscher W (2014). "The pharmacology of imepitoin: the first partial benzodiazepine receptor agonist developed for the treatment of epilepsy". CNS Drugs. 28 (1): 29–43. doi:10.1007/s40263-013-0129-z. PMID 24357084. S2CID 31627280.
  2. ^ a b c d Sanders S (29 April 2015). "Antiseizure Medications". Seizures in Dogs and Cats. Wiley. pp. 209–. ISBN 978-1-118-68970-7.
  3. ^ a b c Thomas WB, Dewey CW (8 September 2015). "Seizures and Narcolepsy". In Dewey CW, da Costa RC (eds.). Practical Guide to Canine and Feline Neurology. Wiley. p. 259. ISBN 978-1-119-06204-2.
  4. ^ a b "Imepitoin". drugs.com. Archived from the original on 2019-06-17. Retrieved 2017-09-17.
  • v
  • t
  • e
GABAergics
GABAAR PAMs
GABA-T inhibitors
Others
Channel
modulators
Sodium blockers
Calcium blockers
Potassium openers
Others
CA inhibitors
Others
  • v
  • t
  • e
5-HT1ARTooltip 5-HT1A receptor agonists
GABAARTooltip GABAA receptor PAMsTooltip positive allosteric modulators
Hypnotics
Gabapentinoids
(α2δ VDCC blockers)
Antidepressants
Antipsychotics
Sympatholytics
(Antiadrenergics)
Others
  • v
  • t
  • e
GABAA receptor positive modulators
Alcohols
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Carbamates
Flavonoids
Imidazoles
Kava constituents
  • 10-Methoxyyangonin
  • 11-Methoxyyangonin
  • 11-Hydroxyyangonin
  • Desmethoxyyangonin
  • 11-Methoxy-12-hydroxydehydrokavain
  • 7,8-Dihydroyangonin
  • Kavain
  • 5-Hydroxykavain
  • 5,6-Dihydroyangonin
  • 7,8-Dihydrokavain
  • 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroyangonin
  • 5,6-Dehydromethysticin
  • Methysticin
  • 7,8-Dihydromethysticin
  • Yangonin
Monoureides
Neuroactive steroids
Nonbenzodiazepines
Phenols
Piperidinediones
Pyrazolopyridines
Quinazolinones
Volatiles/gases
Others/unsorted
  • Unsorted benzodiazepine site positive modulators: α-Pinene
  • MRK-409 (MK-0343)
  • TCS-1105
  • TCS-1205
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • GABA receptor modulators • GABA metabolism/transport modulators
  • v
  • t
  • e
Calcium
VDCCsTooltip Voltage-dependent calcium channels
Blockers
Activators
Potassium
VGKCsTooltip Voltage-gated potassium channels
Blockers
Activators
IRKsTooltip Inwardly rectifying potassium channel
Blockers
Activators
  • GIRKTooltip G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium channel-specific: ML-297 (VU0456810)
KCaTooltip Calcium-activated potassium channel
Blockers
  • BKCa-specific: Ethanol (alcohol)
  • GAL-021
Activators
K2PsTooltip Tandem pore domain potassium channel
Blockers
Activators
Sodium
VGSCsTooltip Voltage-gated sodium channels
Blockers
Activators
ENaCTooltip Epithelial sodium channel
Blockers
Activators
  • Solnatide
ASICsTooltip Acid-sensing ion channel
Blockers
Chloride
CaCCsTooltip Calcium-activated chloride channel
Blockers
Activators
CFTRTooltip Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
Blockers
Activators
Unsorted
Blockers
Others
TRPsTooltip Transient receptor potential channels
  • See here instead.
LGICsTooltip Ligand gated ion channels
  • See here instead.
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Transient receptor potential channel modulators


Stub icon

This anticonvulsant-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

  • v
  • t
  • e