Imperial Ancestral Temple
The Imperial Ancestral Temple, or Taimiao (simplified Chinese: 太庙; traditional Chinese: 太廟; pinyin: Tàimiào) of Beijing, is a historic site in the Imperial City, just outside the Forbidden City, where during both the Ming and Qing dynasties, sacrificial ceremonies were held on the most important festival occasions in honor of the imperial family's ancestors.[1]
The temple, which resembles the Forbidden City's ground plan, is a cluster of buildings in three large courtyards separated by walls. The main hall inside the temple is the Hall for Worship of Ancestors, which is one of only four buildings in Beijing to stand on a three-tiered platform, a hint that it was the most sacred site in imperial Beijing. It contains seats and beds for the tablets of emperors and empresses, as well as incense burners and offerings. On the occasion of large-scale ceremonies for worship of ancestors, the emperors would come here to participate.
Flanking the courtyard in front of this hall are two long, narrow buildings. These were worship halls for various princes and courtiers. The Western Wing housed the spirit tablets of meritorious courtiers, while the Eastern Wing enshrined various princes of the Ming or Qing dynasty.
Behind the Hall for Worship of Ancestors are two other main halls. The first was built in 1420 and used to store imperial spirit tablets.
By the 1920s, the Imperial Ancestral Temple and its surrounding spaces had become a public park, and that public park today has been expanded from its original size and is now also known as the Working People's Cultural Palace (劳动人民文化宫; pinyin: Láodòng Rénmín Wénhuà Gōng). This park was extended based on the Imperial Ancestral Hall site, and the park is located east of Tiananmen, while the Zhongshan Park lies to the west. These two parks along with Beihai Park and Jingshan and several other parks have a deep historic tie with the Forbidden City.
Images
- The Halberd Gate
- The Ancestral Shrine (a.k.a. Back Hall)
- Name plaque. The left column is in Chinese, the right column in Manchu.
See also
- Imperial City
- Shejitan
- Jongmyo, Seoul
- Ise Grand Shrine
- Thế Miếu, Huế
- Triệu Tổ miếu, Huế
References
- ^ The Imperial Ancestral Temple
External links
- Official site
- Encyclopædia Britannica
- China.org
- v
- t
- e
- Andingmen
- Bell and Drum towers
- Chaoyangmen
- Chongwenmen
- Di'anmen
- Dongzhimen
- Duanmen
- Deshengmen
- Fuchengmen
- Guang'anmen
- Tiananmen
- Xizhimen
- Xuanwumen
- Yongdingmen
- Zhengyangmen
- Zhonghuamen
- Meridian Gate
- Gate of Supreme Harmony
- Hall of Mental Cultivation
- Hall of Supreme Harmony
- Belvedere of Embodying Benevolence
- Hall of Central Harmony
- Belvedere of Spreading Righteousness
- Hall of Preserving Harmony
- Gate of Thriving Imperial Clan
- Gate of Heavenly Purity
- Palace of Heavenly Purity
- Hall of Union
- Palace of Earthly Tranquility
- Gate of Divine Might
temples and offices
- Jingshan Park
- Beihai Park
- Zhongnanhai
- Taimiao (Imperial Ancestral Temple)
- Zhongshan Park
- Confucius Temple
- Guozijian
- Beijing Ancient Observatory
- Beijing Zoo
- Old Summer Palace
- Summer Palace
- Fragrant Hills
- Jade Spring Hill
- Temple of Heaven
- Temple of Earth
- Temple of the Sun
- Temple of the Moon
- Xiannongtan (Temple of Agriculture)
- Shichahai
- Yonghe Temple
- Fayuan Temple
- White Cloud Temple
- Zhenjue Temple
- Miaoying Temple
- Wanshou Temple
- Temple of Azure Clouds
- Badachu
- Dongyue Temple
- Guanghua Temple
- Tanzhe Temple
- Wofo Temple
- Big Bell Temple
- Bailin Temple
- Guangji Temple
- Fahai Temple
- Changchun Temple
- Zhihua Temple
- Yunju Temple
- Tianning Temple