Injong of Joseon
12th king of Joseon from 1544 to 1545
Queen Inseong
(m. 1524)| Posthumous name | |
|---|---|
| |
| Temple name | |
| Injong (인종; 仁宗) |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 인종 |
|---|---|
| Hanja | 仁宗 |
| Revised Romanization | Injong |
| McCune–Reischauer | Inchong |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | 이호 |
| Hanja | 李峼 |
| Revised Romanization | I Ho |
| McCune–Reischauer | Yi Ho |
Injong (Korean: 인종; Hanja: 仁宗; 10 March 1515 – 8 August 1545), personal name Yi Ho (이호; 李峼), was the 12th monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea. His father was King Jungjong and his mother was Queen Janggyeong, whose brother was Yun Im. As the firstborn, he became crown prince in 1520 and succeeded his father in 1544. He had the shortest reign amongst all of Joseon's kings.[1]
Biography
Reign
The young king was very ambitious, and tried to reform the government of the time that was rife with corruption, a legacy of the failed reforms during his father's reign. He rehabilitated Jo Gwang-jo and recruited Sarim scholars who turned away from politics after Third Literati Purge of 1519. His maternal uncle Yun Im exercised great power during this period. However, Injong was too often ill and died in 1545, just one year after coming to the throne. Following his death, Yun Im was executed by Yun Won-Hyung in the Fourth Purge of 1545 when King Myeongjong (son of the ambitious Queen Munjeong) succeeded the throne.
Death
Some historians believe that Injong was poisoned by the Smaller Yun faction, led by Yun Won-hyeong, to enable Injong's half-brother to ascend the throne.[citation needed] Others believe that Queen Munjeong had him murdered.[1] According to unofficial chronicles, there is a tale of Munjeong finally showing love for her "adoptive" son King Injong, after decades of polite indifference (in reality behind-the-scenes hatred).[citation needed]
As Injong went to pay his morning respects, Munjeong's face started radiating with a smile only a mother could give to her child. Injong took it as a sign that the Queen Mother was finally acknowledging him as the king, and in particular as her own son. He ate the Tteok that his step-mother gave him, not knowing that it would be the beginning of the end. He fell ill slowly, not enough to create any suspicion, but quickly enough that historians would later pick up on the event. Three days passed before Injong mysteriously died (after only 9 months of rule).
Queen Munjeong's son became King Myeongjong, while Munjeong became Queen Regent. The chronicles also tell that Munjeong was frequently visited by spirits at night after Injong's death. So disturbed was she that she moved her residence from Gyeongbok Palace to Changdeok Palace.
Family
- Father: King Jungjong of Joseon (조선 중종; 16 April 1488 – 29 November 1544)
- Grandfather: King Seongjong of Joseon (조선 성종; 19 August 1457 – 20 January 1494)
- Grandmother: Queen Jeonghyeon of the Papyeong Yun clan (정현왕후 윤씨; 21 July 1462 – 13 September 1530)
- Mother: Queen Janggyeong of the Papyeong Yun clan (장경왕후 윤씨; 19 August 1491 – 26 March 1515)
- Grandfather: Yun Yeo-pil (윤여필; 1466–1555)
- Grandmother: Lady Park of the Suncheon Park clan (순천 박씨; 1466–1498)
Consorts and their respective issue:
- Queen Inseong of the Bannam Park clan (인성왕후 박씨; 7 October 1514 – 6 January 1578)
- Royal Noble Consort Suk of the Papyeong Yun clan (숙빈 윤씨; ?–1595)
- Royal Noble Consort Hye of the Jeong clan (혜빈 정씨; ?–1595)
- Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Yeongil Jeong clan (귀인 정씨; August 1520 – 25 March 1566)
- Consort Yang-je of the Yun clan (양제 윤씨)
In popular culture
- Portrayed by Jung Tae-woo in the 2001–2002 SBS TV series Ladies in the Palace.
- Portrayed by Kim Young-jae in the 2008 KBS TV series Hometown Legends.
- Portrayed by Lim Seul-ong in the 2013 KBS2 TV series The Fugitive of Joseon.
- Portrayed by Noh Young-hak in the 2017 SBS TV series Saimdang, Memoir of Colors.
References
- ^ a b Kang, Hyungwon (3 September 2021). "[Visual History of Korea] World's first case of press oppression". Korean Herald. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
Injong of Joseon Born: 1515 Died: 1545 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | King of Joseon 1544–1545 | Succeeded by |
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(1910–1947)
| King Emeritus (Deoksugung) |
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| King (Changdeokgung) | |
| Crown Prince |
- Post-World War II (1945–present)
Royal Family Association
(1957–)
| In office | |
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| Posthumous recognition |
- Yi Seok (2005–present)
- Yi Hae-won (2006–2020)
- # denotes that the king was deposed and never received a temple name.
- ^ Those who were listed were not reigning monarchs but posthumously recognized; the year following means the year of recognition.
- ^ Only the crown princes that didn't become the king were listed; the former year indicates when one officially became the heir and the latter one is that when one died/deposed. Those who ascended to the throne were excluded in the list for simplification.
- ^ The title given to the biological father, who never reigned, of the kings who were adopted as the heir to a precedent king.
- ^ The de jure monarch of Korea during the era was the Emperor of Japan, while the former Korean emperors were given nobility title "King Yi" instead.
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