Innovative Space-based Radar Antenna Technology

Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance spacecraft of the United States

ISAT
Spacecraft properties
ISAT computer model

Mission type	Technology demonstration
Operator	AFRL, DARPA, STP


Spacecraft	ISAT
Manufacturer	Boeing, Lockheed Martin
Dimensions	Antena: 300 m (980 ft)


Start of mission
Launch date	25 June 2019
Rocket	Falcon Heavy^[1]
Launch site	KSC LC-39A
Contractor	SpaceX


Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth

ISAT (Innovative Space-based radar Antenna Technology) is a spacecraft developed by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory's Space Vehicles Directorate to test technology for intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance spacecraft.^[2]

The ISAT program is developing technologies that enable the deployment of extremely large electronically scanning antennas in space, and the metrology and calibration technologies necessary for coherent beamforming from such large antennas. These huge antennas enable the revolutionary performance required to conduct tactical sensing from space, including missions like continuous reliable tracking of surface targets.^[3]

References

^ First Commercial Mission of SpaceX Falcon Heavy Rocket Set for June. Wall St News. 8 February 2018.
^ Steven A. Lane; Thomas W. Murphey; Michael Zatman (23 May 2012). "Overview of the Innovative Space-Based Radar Antenna Technology Program". Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 48 (1). AFRL: 135–145. doi:10.2514/1.50252. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
^ "Innovated Space-Based Radar Antenna Technology (ISAT)". Archived from the original on 2007-02-20.

SpaceX missions and payloads

Launch vehicles

Falcon 1
Falcon 9
- v1.0
- v1.1
- Full Thrust
- Block 5
Falcon Heavy
Starship

Falcon 1 missions

Demo 1† (FalconSAT-2)
Demo 2†
Flight 3†
- Trailblazer
- PRESat
- NanoSail-D
- Explorers
Ratsat
RazakSAT

Falcon 9 missions

Demonstration

ISS logistics

CRS-1
CRS-2
CRS-3
CRS-4
CRS-5
CRS-6
CRS-7†
CRS-8
CRS-9
CRS-10
CRS-11
CRS-12
CRS-13
CRS-14
CRS-15
CRS-16
CRS-17
CRS-18
CRS-19
CRS-20
CRS-21
CRS-22
CRS-23
CRS-24
CRS-25
CRS-26
CRS-27
CRS-28
CRS-29
Cygnus NG-20
CRS-30
Cygnus NG-21
CRS-31–35
Cygnus NG-22–25

Crewed

Commercial
satellites

SES-8
Thaicom 6
Orbcomm OG2 × 6
AsiaSat 8
AsiaSat 6
ABS-3A / Eutelsat 115 West B
TürkmenÄlem 52°E
Orbcomm OG2 × 11
SES-9
JCSAT-14
Thaicom 8
ABS-2A / Eutelsat 117 West B
JCSAT-16
AMOS-6†
Iridium NEXT 1–10
EchoStar 23
SES-10
Inmarsat-5 F4
BulgariaSat-1
Iridium NEXT 11–20
Intelsat 35e
Iridium NEXT 21–30
SES-11
Koreasat 5A
Iridium NEXT 31–40
Hispasat 30W-6
Iridium NEXT 41–50
Bangabandhu-1
Iridium NEXT 51–55
SES-12
Telstar 19V
Iridium NEXT 56–65
Telkom 4 (Merah Putih)
Telstar 18V
Es'hail 2
Iridium NEXT 66–75
Nusantara Satu / Beresheet
Amos 17
JCSAT-18
SXM 7
Türksat 5A
SXM 8
Türksat 5B
Nilesat-301
SES-22
Galaxy 33,34
Hotbird 13F
Hotbird 13G
Galaxy 31,32
Eutelsat 10B
OneWeb #15
O3b mPOWER 1,2
OneWeb #16
Amazonas Nexus
OneWeb #17
SES 18,19
Intelsat 40e
O3b mPOWER 3,4
Iridium NEXT 76-80 and OneWeb #19
ArabSat 7B
SATRIA
Galaxy 37
O3b mPOWER 5,6
Ovzon-3
Merah Putih 2
Eutelsat 36D

Scientific
satellites

Military
satellites

NROL-76
X-37B OTV-5
Zuma
SES-16 / GovSat-1
Paz
GPS III-01
ANASIS-II
GPS III-03
NROL-108
GPS III-04
GPS III-05
COSMO-SkyMed CSG-2
NROL-87
NROL-85 (Intruder 13A/B)
SARah 1
EROS-C3
GPS III-06
Transport and Tracking Layer (Tranche 0, Flight 1)
Transport and Tracking Layer (Tranche 0, Flight 2)
425 Project SAR Satellite
SARah 2/3
USSF-124
425 Project SAR satellite flight 2
Weather System Follow-on Microwave 1
NROL-146
NROL-69
Spainsat NG I
SDA Tranche 1 Tracking layer T1TL-B
SDA Tranche 1 Tracking layer T1TL-C
SDA Tranche 1 Tracking layer T1TL-D
425 Project SAR satellite flight 3
SDA Tranche 1 Tracking layer T1TL-E
SDA Tranche 1 Transport layer T1TR-C
USSF-36
USSF-31
Skynet 6A
Spainsat NG II

Starlink

List of Starlink and Starshield launches

Rideshares

2018
- SSO-A

Transporter	2021 1 2 2022 3 4 5 2023 6 7 8 9 2024 10 11 12
Bandwagon	2024 1 2

Falcon Heavy missions

Test flight
- Tesla Roadster
Arabsat-6A
USAF STP-2
- DSX
- FormoSat-7
- LightSail 2
- GPIM
- DSAC
- ISAT
USSF-44
USSF-67
ViaSat-3 Americas
Jupiter-3
Psyche
USSF-52 (X-37B OTV-7)
GOES-U
Europa Clipper

Starship missions

Orbital test flights
- IFT-1
- IFT-2
- IFT-3
- IFT-4
Polaris Program third flight
dearMoon
two Starship HLS flights
Superbird-9

Ongoing spaceflights are underlined
Future missions and vehicles under development in italics
Failed missions† are marked with dagger †

v t e U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) spacecraft and air vehicles
Launch/orbital vehicles	X-33 Venture Star (canceled) HTV-3X Blackswift (canceled) X-37 Orbital Test Vehicle X-40A Space Maneuver Vehicle X-51A WaveRider
University Nanosat Program	Program 3CS FASTRAC CUSat DANDE ELFIN
Space weather satellites	ARGOS TSX-5 Coriolis C/NOFS DSX
Technology demonstrators	TAOS MightySat-1 MightySat-2 XSS-10 TechSat-21 (canceled) XSS-11 ISAT PnPSat-1 (canceled) ANGELS
Tactical Satellite Program satellites	TacSat-1 TacSat-2 TacSat-3 TacSat-4 TacSat-5

v t e ← 2018 Orbital launches in 2019 2020 →
January	ChinaSat 2D Iridium NEXT × 10 RAPIS-1, ALE-1, Hodoyoshi-2, MicroDragon, AOBA-VELOX-IV, NEXUS, OrigamiSat-1 USA-290 / KH-11 17 Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-01, Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-02 Microsat-R
February	Dousti† GSAT-31, SaudiGeoSat-1 / HellasSat-4 EgyptSat A, Helios Wire 4 Nusantara Satu / PSN 6, Beresheet, S5 OneWeb x6
March	Crew Dragon Demo-1 ChinaSat-6C Soyuz MS-12 WGS-10 PRISMA Lingque 1B† "Two Thumbs Up" (R3D2) Tianlian II-01
April	EMISAT, Astrocast 0.2, Bluewalker 1, Flock-4a × 20, Lemur-2 × 4, M6P Progress MS-11 O3b × 4 Arabsat-6A Cygnus NG-11 (NepaliSat-1, Raavana 1, Seeker) BeiDou-3 I1Q
May	SpaceX CRS-17 Harbinger / ICEYE X3 BeiDou-2 G8 RISAT-2B Yaogan 33† Starlink v0.9 (60 satellites) Kosmos 2543 / GLONASS-M 758 Yamal-601
June	Jilin-1 Gaofen-03A RADARSAT Constellation × 3 Eutelsat 7C BeiDou-3 I2Q STP-2, DSX, COSMIC-2 × 6, GPIM, StangSat , FalconSAT-7, BRICSat-2, LightSail-2 BlackSky Global 3, SpaceBEE 8, SpaceBEE 9
July	Meteor-M 2-2, CarboNIX, ICEYE X4, ICEYE X5, Lemur-2 × 8 Kosmos 2535, Kosmos 2536, Kosmos 2537, Kosmos 2538 Falcon Eye 1† Spektr-RG Soyuz MS-13 Chandrayaan-2 Vikram Pragyan SpaceX CRS-18 Yaogan 30-05 x3 Meridian 8 Progress MS-12
August	Blagovest-14L EDRS-C / HYLAS-3 Amos-17 AEHF-5 Tianqi-2, Qian Sheng-1 01 / Xingshidai-5 Chinasat 18 "Look Ma, No Hands" BlackSky Global 4 BRO 1 Pearl White × 2 Soyuz MS-14 GPS IIIA-02 Geo-IK-2 No.3 Taiji-1, Xiaoxiang 1-07
September	Ziyuan I-02D, Ice Pathfinder, Taurus 1 Zhuhai-1 x2 BeiDou-3 M23, M24 HTV-8 Yunhai-1 02 Soyuz MS-15 EKS-3
October	Gaofen 10R Eutelsat 5 West B, MEV-1 ICON "As The Crow Flies" Palisade TJS-4
November	Cygnus NG-12 (STPSat 4, HARP, HuskySat-1) Gaofen 7 BeiDou-3 I3Q Starlink V1.0-L1 (60 satellites) Jilin-1 Gaofen-02A BeiDou-3 M21, BeiDou-3 M22 Kosmos 2542, Kosmos 2543 Inmarsat-5 F5 Cartosat-3, Flock-4p × 12 Gaofen 12
December	SpaceX CRS-19 Unicorn-2B / NOOR-1A, Unicorn-2C / NOOR-1B Progress MS-13 Jilin-1 Gaofen-02B Kosmos 2544 / GLONASS-M 759 RISAT-2BR1, Lemur-2 × 4 BeiDou-3 M19, BeiDou-3 M20 JCSAT-18 / Kacific 1 CHEOPS, CSG-1, OPS-SAT CBERS-4A / Ziyuan I-04A, ETRSS-1, Tianqin-1 Starliner Boe-OFT Elektro-L No.3 Gonets-M × 3, BLITS-M Shijian 20
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Cubesats are smaller. Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).