Intracellular receptor

Intracellular receptors are globular protein receptors located inside the cell rather than on its cell membrane. The word intracellular means "within or inside a cell." Molecules that cross a cell membrane to bind with a receptor are generally nonpolar and may be relatively small. These molecules are also known as ligands. Hormones that use intracellular receptors include thyroid, aldosterone, and steroid hormones.^[1]

Examples are the class of nuclear receptors located in the cell nucleus and cytoplasm and the IP₃ receptor located on the endoplasmic reticulum. The ligands that bind to them are usually intracellular second messengers like inositol trisphosphate (IP₃) and extracellular lipophilic hormones like steroid hormones. Some intracrine peptide hormones also have intracellular receptors.

Examples

• transcription factors
  • nuclear receptors
• other
  • Sigma₁ (neurosteroids)
  • IP₃ receptor (inositol triphosphate, IP₃)

See also

• Receptor
• Steroid hormone

References

External links

• Nuclear Receptor journal homepage
• Nuclear receptor resource

• Nuclear receptor signalling atlas (NURSA, open-access journal)