Ivan Martos
Russian sculptor (1754–1835)
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Ukrainian. (April 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
- Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
- Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
- You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Ukrainian Wikipedia article at [[:uk:Мартос Іван Петрович]]; see its history for attribution. - You may also add the template
{{Translated|uk|Мартос Іван Петрович}}to the talk page. - For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
Portrait by Alexander Varnek, 1819
Ichnya, Pryluky Regiment, Cossack Hetmanate, Russian Empire (now Ukraine)
Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire
Professor by rank (1783)
Ivan Petrovich Martos (Russian: Иван Петрович Мартос; Ukrainian: Іван Петрович Мартос; 1754 – 5 April 1835) was a Russian sculptor and art teacher of Ukrainian origin who helped awaken Russian interest in Neoclassical sculpture.
Biography
Martos was born between Chernigov and Poltava in city of Ichnya and enrolled at the Imperial Academy of Arts between 1764 and 1773. He was then sent to further his education with Pompeo Batoni and Anton Raphael Mengs in Rome. Upon his return to Russia in 1779, Martos started to propagate the ideas of Neoclassicism. He executed a large number of marble tombs, which are often regarded as the finest in the history of Russian art.
Enjoying the patronage of the Russian royalty, Martos held a professorship at the Imperial Academy of Arts since 1779 and became its dean in 1814. His main claim to fame is the Monument to Minin and Pozharsky on Red Square, conceived in 1804 but not inaugurated until 1818. Owing to the many years he spent on this one work, Martos did not produce much other sculpture in the period. He died at St Petersburg.
His later outdoor sculptures - those of Duke de Richelieu above the Potemkin Stairs in Odessa, Prince Potemkin in Kherson, Alexander I in Taganrog, and Mikhail Lomonosov in Kholmogory - became the symbols of those towns, although modern art critics often compare them unfavorably with his earlier, less bombastic works.
During the Soviet dictatorship Martos's memorial statues - including those of Nikita Panin and his family - were snatched from the cemeteries to be exhibited in the newly set up museums, while his colossal bronze statue of Catherine II, unveiled at the top of the Moscow Nobility Column Hall in 1812, was destroyed altogether.
Selected works
-
Monument to Mikhail Lomonosov, in Archangelsk -
Monument to the Duc de Richelieu, in Odessa -
Monument to Kuzma Minin and Dmitri Pozharsky, in Moscow -
Headstone for
M. P. Sobakin -
Headstone for
S. S. Volkonsk
External links
Media related to Ivan Petrovich Martos at Wikimedia Commons- "Biography". www.gov.spb.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2003-03-11. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- "Works in the Russian Museum". www.rusmuseum.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
- "Duke de Richelieu Monument". 2odessa.com. Retrieved 2006-08-02.
Authority control databases  | |
|---|---|
| International |
|
| National |
|
| Artists |
|
| People |
|
| Other |
|
