John, Duke of Touraine

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Duke of Touraine
Jacqueline of Hainaut
(m. 1415)
HouseValoisFatherCharles VI of FranceMotherIsabeau of Bavaria

John, Dauphin of France and Duke of Touraine (31 August 1398 – 5 April 1417) was Dauphin of Viennois and Duke of Touraine. He inherited the Dauphin of Viennois in 1415, following the death of his older brother, Louis. He died 5 April 1417, and was succeeded by his brother Charles.

Early life

John was born in 1398,[1] the fourth son of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria. At the age of four (in Paris on 5 May 1403) and again at the age of seven (in Compiègne on 29 June 1406), he was betrothed to Jacqueline, heiress of the County of Hainaut, Holland, Zealand, and Frisia.[2] After his betrothal to Jacqueline, he was brought up alongside her at the castle of Le Quesnoy in Hainaut, at the court of his future mother-in-law, Margaret of Burgundy.[2] This arrangement was made between his father and his future father-in-law to ensure his safety away from the tumultuous court in Paris, as well as to acquaint him with the lands which he would rule as husband of Jacqueline after her father's death.[3] As he was the king's fourth son, he was only expected to succeed to his wife's lands, and was not expected to become king.[3]

On 22 April 1411 the Pope gave his dispensation for the union and on 6 August 1415, when John was sixteen, he and Jacqueline married in The Hague.[4]

Dauphin

Four months after his marriage, John's elder brother Louis, Dauphin of France, died on 18 December 1415, and John became the next Dauphin of France.

Death

John died on 5 April 1417 at the age of eighteen.[5] What exactly caused his death is disputed. According to some, he died of the consequences of an abscess to the head, while other sources suggest he had been poisoned.[6] He was buried in Compiègne's Saint-Corneille abbey. His younger brother Charles became dauphin and eventually king.[5]

Ancestry

Ancestors of John, Duke of Touraine
16. Philip VI of France
8. John II of France
17. Joan of Burgundy
4. Charles V of France
18. John of Luxembourg, King of Bohemia
9. Bonne of Luxembourg and Bohemia
19. Elisabeth of Bohemia
2. Charles VI of France
20. Louis I, Duke of Bourbon
10. Peter I, Duke of Bourbon
21. Mary of Avesnes
5. Jeanne of Bourbon
22. Charles of Valois
11. Isabelle of Valois
23. Mahaut of Châtillon
1. John, Dauphin of France and Duke of Touraine
24. Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
12. Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria
25. Beatrix of Silesia-Glogau
6. Stephen III, Duke of Bavaria
26. Frederick III of Sicily
13. Elisabeth of Sicily
27. Eleanor of Anjou
3. Isabeau of Bavaria
28. Stefano Visconti
14. Bernabò Visconti
29. Valentina Doria
7. Taddea Visconti
30. Mastino II della Scala
15. Beatrice Regina della Scala
31. Taddea da Carrara

References

  1. ^ Vale 1974, p. 21.
  2. ^ a b Vaughan 2005, p. 246.
  3. ^ a b Antheun Janse: Een pion voor een dame, pp. 54–56
  4. ^ A. Janse, pp. 81–84.
  5. ^ a b Vale 1974, p. 237.
  6. ^ Ernest van Bruyssel, Histoire du commerce et de la marine en Belgique, 1863, p. 66., A. Janse, Een Pion voor een Dame (2009)

Sources

  • Vale, Malcolm Graham Allan (1974). Charles the Seventh. University of California Press.
  • Vaughan, Richard (2005). John the Fearless: The Growth of Burgundian Power. Vol. 2. The Boydell Press.


John, Duke of Touraine
Cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty
Born: 31 August 1398 Died: 5 April 1417
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Louis I
Dauphin of Viennois
8 December 1415 – 5 April 1417
Succeeded by
Vacant
Royal domain
Title last held by
Louis II
Duke of Touraine
1407 – 5 April 1417
Vacant
Royal domain
Title last held by
Edward III
Count of Ponthieu
1410 – 5 April 1417
Preceded by Duke of Berry
Count of Poitou

1416 – 5 April 1417
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