John P. Gray (psychiatrist)
John P. Gray | |
|---|---|
 John P. Gray circa 1880 | |
| Born | (1825-08-06)August 6, 1825 Halfmoon Township (Pennsylvania) |
| Died | November 29, 1886(1886-11-29) (aged 61) Utica, New York |
| Citizenship | American |
| Alma mater | Dickinson College University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine |
John Perdue Gray (August 6, 1825, Halfmoon Township (Pennsylvania) - November 29, 1886, Utica, New York) was an American psychiatrist at the forefront of biological psychiatric theory during the 19th century.[1]
He attended Dickinson College, then the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, where he received his medical diploma in 1848.,[2] 19th-Century Psychiatrists of Note, www.nlm.nih.gov</ref> He spent on year of further studies in Europe, then is a resident at Blockley Asylum in Philadelphia.[2] In 1850, Gray works in Utica Psychiatric Center in New York and superintendent in 1854, until his death in 1886.[2] He was also the editor of the American Journal of Insanity, the precursor to the American Journal of Psychiatry.
He was an psychiatric expert in the trial for the assassination of president James A. Garfield[2]
Gray believed that insanity was always due to physical causes and that the mentally ill should be treated as physically ill. He explained that mental illness can be affected by physical factors relating to an individual. He studied three such factors, namely: diet, temperature and ventilation.[3]
Works
Gray, John P. General Paresis, or Incomplete Progressive Paralysis. Albany, NY: Van Benthuysen, 1866.
Gray, John P. Insanity, its Dependence on Physical Disease. Utica, NY: Roberts, 1871. https://archive.org/details/insanityitsdepen00gray
Gray, John P. Insanity: its Frequency and Some of its Preventable Causes. Utica, NY, 1886.
Gray, John P. The United States vs. Charles J. Guiteau, Indicted for Murder of James A. Garfield, Twentieth President of the United States. Opinion of ... on the Sanity of the Prisoner. Washington, 1882.
References
- ^ Kelly, Howard A.; Burrage, Walter L. (eds.). "Gray, John Perdue" . American Medical Biographies . Baltimore: The Norman, Remington Company.
- ^ a b c d "Diseases of the Mind: Highlights of American Psychiatry through 1900". United States National Library of Medicine. 2015-03-24. Archived from the original on 2023-03-22. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ Howard Atwood Kelly; Walter Lincoln Burrage (1920). American Medical Biographies. Norman, Remington Company. pp. 456–.
- Barlow, David H.; Vincent Mark Durand (2004). Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach. Thomson Wadsworth. p. 13. ISBN 0-534-63362-5.
- Death of Dr. John P. Gray, Nov 29, 1886, New York Times.
- Robert J. Waldinger, Sleep of Reason: John P. Gray and the Challenge of Moral Insanity, J Hist Med Allied Sci (1979) XXXIV (2): 163–179. doi:10.1093/jhmas/XXXIV.2.163
- Bio, 19th-Century Psychiatrists of Note, www.nlm.nih.gov
- Obituary, Br Med J. 1886 December 4; 2(1353): 1124–1125.
- John P. Gray, M.D., 1825-1886, APA Presidents Biographical Sketches : 11 1883-1884 Gray, John P., American Psychiatric Association
- Allen D. Spiegel and Florence Kavaler, The Differing Views on Insanity of Two Nineteenth Century Forensic Psychiatrists, Journal of Community Health, Volume 31, Number 5, 430–451, doi:10.1007/s10900-006-9017-5
- Rosenberg, Charles E. The Trial of the Assassin Guiteau: Psychiatry and Law in the Gilded Age. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago, 1968.
- Fullinwider, S.P. "Insanity as the Loss of Self: The Moral Insanity Controversy Revisited," Bulletin of the History of Medicine, 49(1) (1975): 87–101.
- Ozarin, Lucy D. "The Guiteau Trial: Battle of the Forensic Experts," Psychiatric News 30(9) (1995).
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Presidents of the American Psychiatric Association
- Samuel Bayard Woodward (1844–1848)
- William Maclay Awl (1848–1851)
- Luther Vose Bell (1851–1855)
- Isaac Ray (1855–1859)
- Andrew McFarland (1859–1862)
- Thomas Story Kirkbride (1862–1870)
- John S. Butler (1870–1873)
- Charles Nichols (1873–1879)
- Clement Walker (1879–1882)
- J. H. Callender (1882–1883)
- John P. Gray (1883–1884)
- Pliny Earle (1884–1885)
- Orpheus Everts (1885–1886)
- H. A. Buttolph (1886–1887)
- Eugene Grissom (1887–1888)
- John B. Chapin (1888–1889)
- W. W. Godding (1889–1890)
- H. P. Stearns (1890–1891)
- Daniel Clark (1891–1892)
- J. B. Andrews (1892–1893)
- John Curwen (1893–1894)
- Edward Cowles (1894–1895)
- Richard Dewey (1895–1896)
- Theophilus O. Powell (1896–1897)
- Richard Maurice Bucke (1897–1898)
- Henry Mills Hurd (1898–1899)
- Joseph G. Rogers (1899–1900)
- Peter M. Wise (1900–1901)
- Robert J. Preston (1901–1902)
- A. B. Richardson/G. Adler Bloomer (1902–1903)
- A. E. Macdonald (1903–1904)
- T. J. W. Burgess (1904–1905)
- C. B. Burr (1905–1906)
- Charles G. Hill (1906–1907)
- Charles P. Bancroft (1907–1908)
- Arthur F. Kilbourne (1908–1909)
- William F. Drewry (1909–1910)
- Charles W. Pilgrim (1910–1911)
- Hubert Work (1911–1912)
- James T. Searcy (1912–1913)
- Carlos Frederick MacDonald (1913–1914)
- Samuel E. Smith (1914–1915)
- Edward Nathaniel Brush (1915–1916)
- Charles G. Wagner (1916–1917)
- James V. Anglin (1917–1918)
- Elmer Ernest Southard (1918–1919)
- Henry C. Eyman (1919–1920)
- Owen Copp (1920–1921)
- Albert Moore Barrett (1921–1922)
- Henry W. Mitchell (1922–1923)
- Thomas William Salmon (1923–1924)
- William Alanson White (1924–1925)
- C. Floyd Haviland (1925–1926)
- George M. Kline (1926–1927)
- Adolf Meyer (1927–1928)
- Samuel Orton (1928–1929)
- Earl D. Bond (1929–1930)
- Walter M. English (1930–1931)
- William L. Russell (1931–1932)
- James Vance May (1932–1933)
- George H. Kirby (1933–1934)
- C. Fred Williams (1934–1935)
- Clarence O. Cheney (1935–1936)
- Charles Macfie Campbell (1936–1937)
- Ross McClure Chapman (1937–1938)
- Richard H. Hutchings (1938–1939)
- William C. Sandy (1939–1940)
- George H. Stevenson (1940–1941)
- H. Douglas Singer/James King Hall (1941–1942)
- Arthur H. Ruggles (1942–1943)
- Edward Adam Strecker (1943–1944)
- Karl M. Bowman (1944–1946)
- Samuel W. Hamilton (1946–1947)
- Winfred Overholser Sr. (1947–1948)
- William Claire Menninger (1948–1949)
- George S. Stevenson (1949–1950)
- John C. Whitehorn (1950–1951)
- Leo H. Bartemeier (1951–1952)
- Donald Ewen Cameron (1952–1953)
- Kenneth E. Appel (1953–1954)
- Arthur Percy Noyes (1954–1955)
- R. Finley Gayle Jr. (1955–1956)
- Francis J. Braceland (1956–1957)
- Harry C. Solomon (1957–1958)
- Francis J. Gerty (1958–1959)
- William Malamud (1959–1960)
- Robert H. Felix (1960–1961)
- Walter E. Barton (1961–1962)
- C. H. Hardin Branch (1962–1963)
- Jack R. Ewalt (1963–1964)
- Daniel Blain (1964–1965)
- Howard P. Rome (1965–1966)
- Harvey John Tompkins (1966–1967)
- Henry W. Brosin (1967–1968)
- Lawrence Kolb (1968–1969)
- Raymond W. Waggoner (1969–1970)
- Robert S. Garber (1970–1971)
- Ewald W. Busse (1971–1972)
- Perry Clement Talkingten (1972–1973)
- Alfred Freedman (1973–1974)
- John Patrick Spiegel (1974–1975)
- Judd Marmor (1975–1976)
- Robert W. Gibson (1976–1977)
- Jack Weinberg (1977–1978)
- Jules H. Masserman (1978–1979)
- Alan A. Stone (1979–1980)
- Donald G. Langsley (1980–1981)
- Daniel X. Freedman (1981–1982)
- H. Keith H. Brodie (1982–1983)
- George Tarjan (1983–1984)
- John A. Talbott (1984–1985)
- Carol Nadelson (1985–1986)
- Robert O. Pasnau (1986–1987)
- George H. Pollock (1987–1988)
- Paul J. Fink (1988–1989)
- Herb Pardes (1989–1990)
- Elissa P. Benedek (1990–1991)
- Lawrence Hartmann (1991–1992)
- Joseph T. English (1992–1993)
- John S. McIntyre (1993–1994)
- Jerry M. Wiener (1994–1995)
- Mary Jane England (1995–1996)
- Harold Eist (1996–1997)
- Herbert S. Sacks (1997–1998)
- Rodrigo A. Muñoz (1998–1999)
- Allan Tasman (1999–2000)
- Daniel B. Borenstein (2000–2001)
- Richard K. Harding (2001–2002)
- Paul S. Appelbaum (2002–2003)
- Marcia Kraft Goin (2003–2004)
- Michelle Riba (2004–2005)
- Steven Sharfstein (2005–2006)
- Pedro Ruiz (2006–2007)
- Carolyn Robinowitz (2007–2008)
- Nada Stotland (2008–2009)
- Alan F. Schatzberg (2009–2010)
- Carol A. Bernstein (2010–2011)
- John Oldham (2011–2012)
- Dilip V. Jeste (2012–2013)
- Jeffrey Lieberman (2013–2014)
- Paul Summergrad (2014–2015)
- Renée Binder (2015–2016)
- Maria A. Oquendo (2016–2017)
- Anita Everett (2017–2018)
- Altha Stewart (2018–2019)
- Bruce J. Schwartz (2019–2020)
- Jeffery Geller (2020–2021)
- Vivian Pender (2021–2022)
- Rebecca W. Brendel (2022–2023)
- Petros Levounis (2023–2024)
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