Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic

Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic is an Arabic pidgin spoken in Jordan. The pidgin was formed from contact between the Jordanian Arabic and Bengali languages.^[1] UNESCO classifies it as "endangered/unsafe".^[2]

Grammar

The past/perfect and the present/imperfect in Jordanian Benagli Pidgin Arabic are not preserved. Imperfect aspect is interchangeably used for the past and the present tense. This lack of inflection for tense can be compensated either by context or by the existence of some adverbs, such as ʕawwal, gabul and badēn. Moreover, the tense/aspect might expressed by the use of the JPA copula fī.

Phonology

^[3]

• The glottal stop /ʔ/ was, in most of the contexts, realized as a longvowel or was lost^[4]

• Jordanian Bengali Pidgin Arabic speakers sometimes replaced the unvoiced labiodental fricative /f/ with the unvoiced stop /p/^[5]

• The interdental fricatives /θ/ and /ð/ have been replaced bytheir dental plosive counterparts /t/ and /d/^[6]

• The voiced fricative /z/, it sometimes shifts into its voiceless counterpart /s/^[7]

• The velar fricatives /ɣ/ and /x/ shifted to /k/ and /g/^[8]

• The pharyngeal /ħ/ is pronounced either as a slight /h/ or as a long vowel^[9]

• The Palatal Affricate /dʒ/ is substituted wwith the fricative /z/^[10]

See also

• Arabic-based creole languages

Further reading

• Al-Salman, Ibrahim Abdul Kareem (2013). Jordanian Pidgin Arabic (Thesis). Yarmouk University.
• Al-Haq, Fawwaz Al-Abed; Al-Salman, Ibrahim Abdul Kareem (2014). Jordanian Pidgin Arabic (Thesis).

References