José María Pérez de Urdininea

José María Pérez de Urdininea
3rd President of Bolivia
Acting
In office 18 April 1828 – 2 August 1828
Preceded by	Antonio José de Sucre
Succeeded by	José Miguel de Velasco (acting)
Other offices Minister of War In office 15 August 1855 – 9 September 1857 President Jorge Córdova Preceded by Luciano Alcoreza (as Senior Officer of the Ministry of War) Succeeded by Gregorio Pérez In office 4 October 1843 – 14 October 1843 President José Ballivián Preceded by Manuel Zagárnaga Succeeded by José María Silva In office 27 September 1841 – 16 June 1842 President José Ballivián Preceded by Carlos Medinacelli Succeeded by Eusebio Guilarte In office 9 December 1827 – 2 August 1828 President Antonio José de Sucre Preceded by Francisco Burdett O'Connor Succeeded by José Miguel de Velasco Secretary General In office 27 September 1841 – 18 October 1841 President José Ballivián Preceded by Office established Succeeded by Office dissolved Governor of San Juan Acting In office 19 January 1822 – 10 January 1823 Preceded by José Antonio Sánchez de Arce Succeeded by Salvador María del Carril
Personal details
Born	José María Pérez de Urdininea (1784-10-31)31 October 1784 near Luribay, Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata (now Bolivia)
Died	4 November 1865(1865-11-04) (aged 81) La Paz, Bolivia
Spouse	Josefa Terrazas
Signature

José María Pérez de Urdininea (31 October 1784 – 4 November 1865) was a Bolivian military officer and statesman who served as the third president of Bolivia in 1828. He was the first Bolivian president to be born in Bolivia itself. He fought with the patriots against the Argentines in Peru. Despite being President for only three months, Pérez held a number of important positions in the Bolivian government including Minister of War between 1841 and 1847.

Early life

Youth and the Spanish American Wars of Independence

José María Pérez de Urdininea was born in the Anquioma hacienda, near Luribay on 31 October 1784. He studied at the La Paz seminary before later studying in Cochabamba. He joined the Bolivian War of Independence in 1809, fighting in the Battle of Huaqui, after which he was taken wounded to Argentina where he joined the army of Manuel Belgrano and fought in the Battle of Tucumán and the Battle of Salta during the Argentine War of Independence.^[1] He fought from 1811 to 1821 under the command of various other Argentine leaders including José Rondeau, Martín Miguel de Güemes, and José de San Martín.

From 1822 to 1823 he was the Governor of San Juan Province, where he formed an army of 500 men under the command of José María Paz to invade Upper Peru. In early 1825, together with Governor of Salta Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales, Pérez received the surrender of the last Spanish royalist chief in the territory of Río de la Plata.^[2]

The Bolivian Republic and Presidency

Acting President

Bolivian President Antonio José de Sucre incorporated Pérez into the Bolivian Army, appointing him Minister of War on 9 December 1827 and later President of the Council of Ministers.^[3] It was in this capacity that he took command of the government on 18 April 1828 after Sucre was wounded in an army revolt. Accused of not having faced the invasion of Agustín Gamarra, Pérez retired to one of his estates for more than ten years.

The War of the Confederation and death

In 1838, Marshal Andrés de Santa Cruz, then President of Bolivia and Protector of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation, reincorporated him into the army. He participated in the Battle of Yungay which ultimately resulted in the dissolution of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation.^[2] He served again as Minister of War during the governments of José Ballivián in 1843 and Jorge Córdova from 1855 to 1857. He died on 4 November 1865.

References

Bibliography

• Gisbert, Carlos D. Mesa (2003). Presidentes de Bolivia: entre urnas y fusiles : el poder ejecutivo, los ministros de estado (in Spanish). Editorial Gisbert.

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Presidents of Bolivia

▌Simón Bolívar (1825) ▌Antonio José de Sucre (1825–1828) ▌José María Pérez de Urdininea (1828) ▌José Miguel de Velasco (1828) ▌Pedro Blanco Soto (1828–1829) ▌José Miguel de Velasco (1829) ▌Andrés de Santa Cruz (1829–1839) ▌José Miguel de Velasco (1839–1841) ▌Sebastián Ágreda (1841) ▌Mariano Enrique Calvo (1841) ▌José Ballivián (1841–1847) ▌Eusebio Guilarte (1847–1848) ▌José Miguel de Velasco (1848) ▌Manuel Isidoro Belzu (1848–1855) ▌Jorge Córdova (1855–1857) ▌José María Linares (1857–1861) ▌José María de Achá (1861–1864) ▌Mariano Melgarejo (1864–1871) ▌Agustín Morales (1871–1872) ▌Tomás Frías (1872–1873) ▌Adolfo Ballivián (1873–1874) ▌Tomás Frías (1874–1876) ▌Hilarión Daza (1876–1879) ▌Narciso Campero (1880–1884) ▌Gregorio Pacheco (1884–1888) ▌Aniceto Arce (1888–1892) ▌Mariano Baptista (1892–1896) ▌Severo Fernández (1896–1899) ▌José Manuel Pando (1899–1904) ▌Ismael Montes (1904–1909) ▌Eliodoro Villazón (1909–1913) ▌Ismael Montes (1913–1917) ▌José Gutiérrez Guerra (1917–1920) ▌Bautista Saavedra (1921–1925) ▌Felipe Segundo Guzmán (1925–1926) ▌Hernando Siles Reyes (1926–1930) ▌Carlos Blanco Galindo (1930–1931) ▌Daniel Salamanca (1931–1934) ▌José Luis Tejada Sorzano (1934–1936) ▌David Toro (1936–1937) ▌Germán Busch (1937–1939) ▌Carlos Quintanilla (1939–1940) ▌Enrique Peñaranda (1940–1943) ▌Gualberto Villarroel (1943–1946) ▌Néstor Guillén (1946) ▌Tomás Monje (1946–1947) ▌Enrique Hertzog (1947–1949) ▌Mamerto Urriolagoitía (1949–1951) ▌Hugo Ballivián (1951–1952) ▌Víctor Paz Estenssoro (1952–1956) ▌Hernán Siles Zuazo (1956–1960) ▌Víctor Paz Estenssoro (1960–1964) ▌René Barrientos (1964–1966) ▌Alfredo Ovando Candía (1966) ▌René Barrientos (1966–1969) ▌Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas (1969) ▌Alfredo Ovando Candía (1969–1970) ▌Juan José Torres (1970–1971) ▌Hugo Banzer (1971–1978) ▌Juan Pereda (1978) ▌David Padilla (1978–1979) ▌Wálter Guevara (1979) ▌Alberto Natusch (1979) ▌Lidia Gueiler Tejada (1979–1980) ▌Luis García Meza (1980–1981) ▌Celso Torrelio (1981–1982) ▌Guido Vildoso (1982) ▌Hernán Siles Zuazo (1982–1985) ▌Víctor Paz Estenssoro (1985–1989) ▌Jaime Paz Zamora (1989–1993) ▌Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada (1993–1997) ▌Hugo Banzer (1997–2001) ▌Jorge Quiroga (2001–2002) ▌Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada (2002–2003) ▌Carlos Mesa (2003–2005) ▌Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé (2005–2006) ▌Evo Morales (2006–2019) ▌Jeanine Áñez (2019–2020) ▌Luis Arce (2020–present)

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