Juruna language
Tupian language spoken in Brazil
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| Juruna | |
|---|---|
| Yudjá | |
| Native to | Brazil |
| Region | Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso |
Native speakers | 280 (2006)[1] |
Language family | Tupian
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | jur |
| Glottolog | juru1256 |
| ELP | Juruna |
The Juruna language, also known as Yudjá,[2] is spoken in Brazil. It is spoken in the Xingu Indigenous Park of Mato Grosso state. In 2001 there were 278 native speakers. It is the last survivor of the Yuruna languages.
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i iː | ɨ ɨː | u uː |
| Mid | e eː | ||
| Open | a aː |
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | ĩ | ɨ̃ | ũ |
| Mid | ẽ | ||
| Open | ã |
| Phoneme | Allophone |
|---|---|
| /u/ | [u], [ɯ], [ʊ], [o] |
| /i/ | [i], [ɪ] |
| /ũ/ | [ũ], [ʊ̃], [õ] |
| /ã/ | [ã], [ɜ̃] |
| /ĩ/ | [ĩ], [ɪ̃] |
Consonants
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | voiceless | p | t̪ | tʃ | k | ʔ |
| voiced | b | d̪ | dʒ | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||
| Tap | ɾ | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | ʃ | h | ||
| voiced | z | |||||
| lateral | ɬ | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
| Phoneme | Allophone |
|---|---|
| /t/ | [t̪], [t] |
| /d/ | [d̪], [d] |
| /tʃ/ | [tʃ], [tʲ] |
| /dʒ/ | [dʒ], [dʲ] |
| /h/ | [h], [ɸ] |
| /z/ | [z], [dz] |
| /ɾ/ | [ɾ], [ɾ̃], [ɻ] |
| /w/ | [w], [w̃], [β] |
| /j/ | [j], [j̃], [ɲ] |
References
- ^ Juruna at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Carvalho, Fernando O. de. 2019. Revisitando o Proto-Jurúna: a reconstrução da série de oclusivas orais. In: Oliveira, Edna dos Santos; Eduardo A. Vasconcelos; Romário D. Sanches (eds.) Estudos Linguísticos na Amazônia. Campinas: Pontes Editores.
- ^ Fargetti, Cristina Martins (2001). Estudo Fonológico e Morfossintático da Língua Juruna. Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
Further reading
- WALS Online Resources for Juruna. Haspelmath, Martin (editor); Dryer, Matthew S. (editor); Gil, David (editor); Comrie, Bernard (editor). 2008-05-01. Max Planck Digital Library (http://mpdl.mpg.de/). oai:wals.info:languoid/jrn
- Lev, Michael; Stark, Tammy; Chang, Will (2012). "Phonological inventory of Jurúna". The South American Phonological Inventory Database (version 1.1.3 ed.). Berkeley: University of California: Survey of California and Other Indian Languages Digital Resource.
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- e
- Arraias River
- Culuene River
- Curisevo River
- Ferro River
- Jabotá River
- Ronuro River
- Xingu River
- Xingu
- Kaurup
- The Hyperwomen
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