Kaena Ridge : Geology Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Kaena Ridge

Submerged remnant of an ancient shield volcano to the north of the Hawaiian Island of Oʻahu

Kaʻena Ridge

Location of Kaʻena Volcano in the Hawaiian Islands

Highest pointElevation−3,937 ft (−1,200 m)Coordinates21°49′19″N 158°46′19″W / 21.82194°N 158.77194°W / 21.82194; -158.77194GeographyLocationHawaii USGeologyMountain typeSubmerged shield volcanoLast eruptionPleistocene?

Kaʻena Ridge, also referred to as the Kaʻena Volcano, is a submerged remnant of an ancient shield volcano that is to the north of and once comprised the northern section of the Hawaiian Island of Oʻahu.

Geology

Kaʻena Ridge was the oldest of the three volcanoes to form Oʻahu and it was also the shortest when it grew out of sea level. It was about 3,000 ft.^[1]

Activity from Kaʻena began roughly 5 million years ago.^[2]^[3] Despite being Oʻahu's oldest volcano, it broke sea level 400,000 years after the Waiʻanae did.^[2] This is due to Kaʻena being built on a lower sea depth, whereas other Oʻahu volcanoes were built on pre-existing ridges.^[3]

Around 3 million years ago, Kaʻena, Waiʻanae and Koʻolau simultaneously emerged. Kaʻena would later submerge below sea level at an unknown date.^[2]

In its current state, the crest of the Kaʻena Ridge extends 35–55 km wide and is located 75–100 km northwest of Kaʻena Point, the westernmost tip of Oʻahu.^[4] there is a disputed eruption that occurred near the volcano on May 22nd 1956^[5]

References

^ Borg, Jim (2014-05-10). "Lost peak: UH researchers uncover evidence of Kaena Volcano, part of a trio that formed Oahu". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Honolulu, HI: Oahu Publications Inc. (Black Press). pp. A1, A7. OCLC 50065755. Retrieved 2014-05-10.
^ ^a ^b ^c McManus, Malia Mattoch (2014-05-20). "Ancient underwater volcano discovered in Hawaii". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-05-07.
^ ^a ^b Sinton, J. M.; Eason, D. E. (2014-12-01). "Growth History of Kaena Volcano, the Isolated, Dominantly Submarine, Precursor Volcano to Oahu, Hawaii". AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. 11: V11B–4696.
^ Smith, J. R. (2002-12-01). "The Kaena Ridge Submarine Rift Zone off Oahu, Hawaii". AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. 62: T62A–1300.
^ "Submarine Volcanic Eruption in Hawaii in 1956 | John Seach". volcanolive.com. Retrieved 2024-01-11.