Kapauri–Sause languages
Kwerbic language family of Indonesia
| Kapauri–Sause | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | New Guinea |
| Linguistic classification | Foja Range
|
| Subdivisions |
|
| Glottolog | None |
The Kapauri–Sause (Kapori–Sause) languages form a small language family spoken along the middle Taritatu River in the Jayapura Regency of Papua, Indonesia. They are two languages, Kapauri (Kapori) and Sause, which are not particularly close.
Classification
There is a history of linking at least Kapauri to the Kaure languages (see Kaure–Kapori languages). However, they show no particular affiliation, and Kapauri appears to be closer to Kwerba. Usher demonstrated a connection instead with another erstwhile isolate, Sause, together forming a branch of Kwerbic.[1] A partial reconstruction of proto-Kapauri–Sause can be found there.
Proto-language
Phonemes
Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows. Apparent gaps may be due to poverty of data (e.g., there are /p/, /ɸ/ and /ɡ/ in the languages, but as of 2020 they have not been reconstructed for the protolanguage):[1]
*m *n *t *s *k *b *w *ɽ *j *h
*i *u *e *ɵ *o *ɛ *a [*aː]
Pronouns
Pronouns are reconstructed as follow.[1]
| proto-KS | Kapauri | Sause | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1sg | *ka | kaku | aʔ |
| 2sg | *ɵ | u | e |
| 3sg | *aɾ̃oC | aːnuʔ | arok |
| 1pl | *ne | aɽuʔ | ne |
Basic vocabulary
Some lexical reconstructions by Usher (2020) are:[1]
gloss Proto-Kapauri-Sause head *baːɽ ear *t[o̝/u]waro̝ tooth *w₂ano̝ tongue *mɛn₂o̝ blood *ko̝mo̝ bone *aːᵘC breast *mɵ̝N louse *hɛno̝ dog *unu bird *ɽe̝Cne̝N egg *huwini sun *nisiki (?) moon *bɛ[N/nV] water/river *bo̝C path *nawaɽo̝ eat *na[N/nV] two *nɛbɽe̝[na]
References
- ^ a b c d Kapauri–Sause at New Guinea World
External links
- Timothy Usher, New Guinea World, Proto-Kapauri–Sause
- v
- t
- e
Papuan language families
(Palmer 2018 classification)
(Palmer 2018 classification)
subgroups
| Central Papua, Indonesia |
|
|---|---|
| Southeast Papua, Indonesia | |
| Southwest Papua New Guinea | |
| Central Papua New Guinea | |
| Papuan Peninsula |
families and isolates
families and isolates
families and isolates
families and isolates
families and isolates
| Torricelli subgroups | |
|---|---|
| Sepik subgroups | |
| Ramu subgroups |
|
families and isolates
families and isolates
isolate
- West Papuan
- Northwest Papuan
- South Pauwasi
- East Papuan
- Southeast Papuan
- Papuan Gulf
- Binanderean–Goilalan
- Arai–Samaia
- Asmat–Mombum
- Trans-Fly–Bulaka River
- Trans-Fly
- Dani–Kwerba
- East Bird's Head – Sentani
- Kwomtari–Fas
- Left May – Kwomtari
- Tor–Kwerba–Nimboran
- West Trans–New Guinea
- West Papuan Highlands
- Central and South New Guinea
- Central West New Guinea
- East New Guinea Highlands
- Yele – West New Britain
- Sepik–Ramu
- Indo-Pacific
