Kaunan
Name | Proto-Germanic | Old English | Old Norse |
---|---|---|---|
*Kauną? | Cēn | Kaun | |
? | "torch" | "ulcer" | |
Shape | Elder Futhark | Futhorc | Younger Futhark |
Unicode | ᚲ U+16B2 | ᚳ U+16B3 | ᚴ U+16B4 |
Transliteration | k | c | k |
Transcription | k | c | k, g |
IPA | [k] | [k], [c], [tʃ] | [k], [g] |
Position in rune-row | 6 |
The k-rune ᚲ (Younger Futhark ᚴ, Anglo-Saxon futhorc ᚳ) is called Kaun in both the Norwegian and Icelandic rune poems, meaning "ulcer". The reconstructed Proto-Germanic name is *Kauną. It is also known as Kenaz ("torch"), based on its Anglo-Saxon name.
The Elder Futhark shape is likely directly based on Old Italic c (, 𐌂) and on Latin C. The Younger Futhark and Anglo-Saxon Futhorc shapes have parallels in Old Italic shapes of k (, 𐌊) and Latin K (compare the Negau helmet inscription). The corresponding Gothic letter is 𐌺 k, called kusma.
The shape of the Younger Futhark kaun rune (ᚴ) is identical to that of the "bookhand" s rune in the Anglo-Saxon futhorc. The ᚴ rune also occurs in some continental runic inscriptions. It has been suggested that in these instances, it represents the ch /χ/ sound resulting from the Old High German sound shift (e.g. ᛖᛚᚴ elch in Nordendorf II).[1]
Rune Poem:[2] | English Translation: |
Old Norwegian |
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Old Icelandic |
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Anglo-Saxon |
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Notes:
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References
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Elder Futhark | ᚠ | ᚢ | ᚦ | ᚨ | ᚱ | ᚲ | ᚷ | ᚹ | ᚺ | ᚾ | ᛁ | ᛃ | ᛇ | ᛈ | ᛉ | ᛊ | ᛏ | ᛒ | ᛖ | ᛗ | ᛚ | ᛜ | ᛟ (o) | ᛞ | |||||||||||||
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Old English Futhorc | ᚠ | ᚢ | ᚦ | ᚩ (o) | ᚱ | ᚳ (c) | ᚷ (ȝ) | ᚹ | ᚻ | ᚾ | ᛁ | ᛄ | ᛇ | ᛈ | ᛢ | ᛉ (x) | ᛋ | ᛏ | ᛒ | ᛖ | ᛗ | ᛚ | ᛝ | ᛟ | ᛞ | ᚪ | ᚫ | ᚣ | ᛡ | ᛠ | ᛣ | ᛤ | ᛥ | ᚸ | |||
Younger Futhark | ᚠ | ᚢ | ᚦ | ᚬ (ą) | ᚱ | ᚴ | ᚼ | ᚾ | ᛁ | ᛦ (ʀ) | ᛋ | ᛏ | ᛒ | ᛘ | ᛚ | ᛅ | |||||||||||||||||||||
Medieval | ᚠ | ᚡ | ᚢ | ᚦ | ᚧ | ᚮ | ᚱ | ᚴ | ᚵ | ᚼ | ᚿ ᛀ | ᛁ | ᛂ | ᛕ ᛔ | ᛩ | ᛪ (x) | ᛌ | ᛐ | ᛒ | ᛘ | ᛚ ᛛ | ᚶ | ᚯ | ᛑ | ᛆ | ᛅ | ᚤ ᛦ | ||||||||||
Transliteration | f | v | u | þ | ð | a | r | k | ġ | w | h | n | i | j | ï | p | q | z | s | t | b | e | m | l | ŋ | œ | d | a | æ | y | io | ea | k | k̄ | st | g |
- See also
- Runic inscriptions interactive map
- Dalecarlian runes
- Runic inscriptions
- Rune Poems
- Runestones
- Runic magic
- Modern runic writing
- Pseudo-runes
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